Torque Distribution Strategy for Integrated Starter/ Generator Hybrid Bus Implemented by Fuzzy Algorithm

A torque distribution strategy was designed by using fuzzy logic to realize the optimal control. The vehicle load zones were dynamically divided into several zones by several torque lines to indicate the drivers demand and the high or low efficient operating areas of the diesel engine. The fuzzy logic controller with trapezoid membership function and Mamdani rule reference mechanism was utilized. There are over 100 rules used in this fuzzy-based torque distribution strategy which are sorted into four rule-bases. The fuel economy and acceleration tests were designed to test and validate the integrated starter/generator (ISG) bus perfor-mance using fuzzy-based torque distribution strategy. The fuel economy is improved 7.7% compared with the rule-based strategy. Finally the road test results reveal that there is about 15% improvement of fuel economy. And the 0-50 km/h acceleration time is 9.5% shorter than the original bus.

Design and Initial Testing of An Integrated Switched Reluctance Starter/Generator System for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

According to specific performance requirements,an integrated switched reluctance starter/generator system,which can start the engine and supply electrical energy to the loads,is designed and manufactured for the unmanned aerial vehicle.Considering the required starting torque and speed range,the geometrical dimensions of the switched reluctance machine are calculated based on the output equation and further optimized with finite element analysis,and the flux-linkage,inductance and static torque characteristics are illustrated.To verify the performances of the designed system,detailed simulation with the model considering piston engine and experiment using the test bench are carried out.

Research on Switched Reluctance Motor for Automobile Starter/Generator System

A self-designed and developed 12/10 switched reluctance motor(SRM)is chosen as the object of study and a prototype of 2.5?kW switched reluctance starter/generator with fly-wheel is designed based on the requirements of the selected engine (Changan Aotooc three-cylinder engine wagon) for the starter, generator and drive. The 36?V/42 V DC source system is applied to establishing the simulation-analyzing model of the motor. A finite-element (FE) analysis of its two-dimensional electromagnetic field is conducted to obtain the exact model of the motor. Systematic simulation is carried out combining with its power conversion circuit and control element. Meanwhile the starting process and performance of the system are studied and analyzed with special efforts. Satisfactory result is derived from the testing of the prototype: theoretical analysis is basically matched with the tested data, which proves the rationality and feasibility of the design procedures, systematic modeling and control strategies. Therefore, the new 12/10-structure scheme is put forward based on the development and analysis of various SRM and it meets the requirements of the researched motor in terms of the structural parameters.

Implementation and Study of a Novel Doubly Salient Structure Starter/Generator System

A new type of double salient starter/generator is presented, which can be used in aircraft Low Voltage Direct Current (LVDC), Variable Speed Constant Frequency (VSCF) and High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) systems. The operational theory of the motor and generator is analyzed, and corresponding control strategies are given. An 18kW prototype has been implemented to verify the system performance. It is shown that the DSM S/G system possesses simple structure, high efficiency and flexible control. It is ap...

RESEARCH OF THE SWITCHED RELUCTANCE STARTER/GENERATOR SYSTEMS

This paper focuses on the simulation and test of the switched reluctance starter/generator systems. Through the emulational analysis of the initial starting torque, the optimal turn-on section of the power switches is discovered. The fundamental theory of the generating operation is analyzed with the linearity model, and a new method is presented based on voltage pulse width modulation for the generating mode control. Through the steady-state and optimized emulation of the output power and system efficiency, the optimizational control approach for the generating mode over a wide speed range is introduced. At last, the test of the 3KW prototype system shows that the dynamic and static performance of this system is fine.

SOGI级联SFNF的高频注入无传感器电机控制方法

针对传统脉振高频电压注入法同时应用带通滤波器和低通滤波器导致相位偏移和位置估计误差大的问题,提出一种级联二阶广义积分器(SOGI)和单频陷波器(SFNF)的改进方法,实现位置误差信号的精确和实时提取。研究了脉振高频电压注入法位置观测闭环传递函数的幅频特性,利用SOGI的选频特性提取高频交轴响应电流,并利用SFNF的陷波特性滤除注入信号二次谐波,替代了传统误差信号提取环节中的带通滤波器和低通滤波器,参数整定简便,具备兼顾滤波精度和带宽的优势。搭建实验平台对传统误差信号提取策略和所提SOGI级联SFNF策略进行对比,实验结果表明,本文所提改进方法的响应速度和位置估计精度相比传统方法均有提高:在转速突变过程中转速估计误差降低5.9 r/min,转子位置误差降低0.11 rad;在突加负载时,转速估计误差降低3 r/min,转子位置误差降低0.08 rad,响应调节时间缩短42%,有效提高了位置观测精度和系统的动态响应性能。

内置式起发一体机的设计与优化

随着飞行器技术的不断进步,飞行器内部的电路结构向着小型化和高功率化发展。起发一体机将飞行器的起动、发电结合为一体,不仅可以减小飞行器的体积,还可以为飞行器提供起动转矩和电源支持。对起发一体机的研究现状进行了综述,以内置式永磁同步电机作为起发一体机,对转子结构进行了对比选型。选取了“一+V”型转子,经过优化的电机性能最终符合了设计要求。

适用于微电网的MGP协调运行方法及装置研究

针对新能源电力电子并网方式的弱支撑性造成的高比例新能源电网稳定性下降等问题,提出了同步电动机-发电机对(MGP)的并网技术,使得新能源机组以真实的同步机接口并网,并能主动为电网提供频率和电压支撑。尽管目前针对MGP已进行了一些理论和试验研究,但仍缺乏现场运行经验和成套装置。针对MGP系统接入实际微电网的运行问题,基于一个实际的MGP开发应用案例,针对特定的微网结构和运行模式,研究了MGP接入该微电网的协调运行方式和硬件装置,提出了MGP系统在微网中的协调控制方法,实现了对MGP传输功率的控制和稳定并网运行。此外,还开发了一套额定容量为10 kW的一体化MGP并网装置,通过试验验证了所研发的MGP并网装置的可行性。

起发一体式无刷直流电机控制器设计

基于无刷直流电机的数学模型,文章分别分析了控制及发电策略,在起动过程采用三相全桥逆变电路拓扑结构及六步换相控制策略;在发电部分采用二极管整流和BUCK稳压电路串联的电路拓扑结构,将电源管理芯片UC3843作为BUCK电路控制器件,完成了系统架构设计,具有一定的参考意义。

基于SOGI高频方波电压注入的永磁直线同步电机无感控制

针对永磁直线同步电机的无感控制技术,为了解决传统高频方波注入法无法准确定位转子位置和转速的问题,提出了基于SOGI高频方波电压注入的无感方法。与传统的高频方波电压注入法不同,为了得到更好的高频电流信号,采用二阶广义积分器提取响应高频电流信号,采用正交锁相环解决反正切函数没有反馈直接放大噪声的影响。为证明无感控制技术的有效性,用Simulink进行了仿真验证。结果表明,基于SOGI高频方波电压注入的无感方法大大降低了误差,缩短了调节时间,提升了响应时间。

航空起发一体电机系统控制器的设计

提出了航空起发一体电机系统控制器的设计方案,采用矢量控制及弱磁扩速控制方式实现电动机起动控制,发电整流模块与起动模块分时共用MOSFET三相全桥主功率电路,采用专用芯片实现同步整流,采用BUCK电路并利用多相交错并联降低输出纹波,控制算法采用3零点3极点(3P3Z)补偿方法进行28V输出稳压控制,实现了航空发动机快速起动、永磁同步电机起动到发电的平稳转换以及28V直流电源输出。仿真研究表明系统的起动时间短、动态过程性能好,28V直流电源输出稳定,并联BUCK电路各支路均流理想,具有一定的工程应用价值。

改进的广义二阶积分器的高频脉振方波电压注入PMSM无传感器控制

针对传统高频脉振方波电压注入算法的永磁同步电机(PMSM)无传感器控制系统中,使用多个滤波器来提取电流环反馈电流与高频响应电流,从而获取转子位置信息造成的系统延迟以及估计误差较大的问题,提出一种基于广义二阶积分器的无传感器控制策略。首先,与其他利用广义二阶积分器自身特性只提取高频方波响应电流检测转子位置方法不同的是,所提方法先在电流环双环控制中用广义二阶积分器对反馈基频电流信号进行提取;其次,在此控制系统的基础上,转速环用广义二阶积分器对包含电机转子位置信息的高频响应电流信号进行提取,并重新对广义二阶积分器进行了设计,在其结构上加入了高阶巴特沃斯滤波器,提高了抗谐波的衰减能力,改善了其动态性能。最后,在Simulink搭建了仿真模型并进行验证。实验结果表明,该方法相比于传统方法具有更好的动态性能和抗干扰能力。

An Improved Stator Flux Observation Method of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor

The stator flux and electromagnetic torque observation is the basis of direct torque controlled permanent magnet synchronous motor( PMSM) drive system. However,the traditional stator flux observer based on voltage model is affected by integral initial values and integral drift,that based on current model is affected by the parameters of PMSM,so a new stator flux observation method is proposed based on an improved secondorder generalized integrator( SOGI). Compared to the stator flux observation method based on the conventional SOGI,the proposed method can not only overcome the influence of integral initial values and integral drift,but also completely eliminate the DC offset's influence. Therefore,the observation accuracy of stator flux is further improved. The simulation and experimental results both show that the proposed method has a higher stator flux and electromagnetic torque observation precision.

基于转子磁链观测器的五相容错PMSM开路故障下的无位置传感器控制

五相容错永磁同步电机(PMSM)开路故障模型的不对称性,影响了其无位置运行性能。该文提出一种基于转子磁链观测器的无位置控制策略。首先,该策略在容错模型基础上,构建基于指数趋近律的滑模观测器(SMO)以获取反电动势信号;其次,为抑制所观测反电动势中直流偏置、低频和高频谐波对转子位置观测精度的影响,设计一种改进型二阶广义积分器(ISOGI),并将其和SMO级联构成转子磁链观测器;然后,采用锁相环技术从转子磁链中提取转子位置信息;最后,将该转子磁链观测器和容错控制策略相结合。实验结果表明,该策略提高了转子位置观测精度,实现了PMSM开路故障下的无位置高性能运行。

基于改进的离散域二阶滑模观测器的内置式永磁同步电机无位置传感器控制

滑模观测器由于对系统不确定性具有良好的鲁棒性,逐渐应用于永磁同步电机无位置传感器控制中,但是在实际应用中滑模观测器的抖振现象会严重影响系统控制性能。该文提出一种用于内置式永磁同步电机无位置传感器控制的改进的二阶滑模观测器,采用基于Super-twisting算法的二阶滑模观测器,不同于常规的通过滑模观测器估算得到反电动势分量的方法,该方法基于内模控制原理引入二阶广义积分器,通过滑模观测器估算得到反电动势误差分量,再经过二阶广义积分器得到估算的反电动势分量,能够在保证估算准确性的同时很好地抑制系统抖振。同时,为了消除数字实现过程中的离散化误差和估算反电动势分量的耦合项,提高估算的准确性,重新构建了基于扩展反电动势的离散域数学模型,并基于该模型设计了改进的离散域Super-twisting滑模观测器。最终将估算得到的扩展反电动势分量用于估算转子位置和转速。通过实验对该文提出方法的有效性进行了验证。

Detailed Design of a High Speed Switched Reluctance Starter/Generator for More/All Electric Aircraft

The basic concepts and advantages of more/all electric aircraft （M/AEA） are briefly addressed. The combined starter/generator （CS/G） system is introduced as a key technology to enable M/AEA. Some important performance requirements for CS/G system are obtained. Based on these requirements, a high speed switched reluctance machine （SRM） is designed to operate as a starter/generator. The entire design process is mainly divided into two stages： electromagnetic design and thermal design. In electromagnetic design stage, the electromagnetic structure and dimensions of the machine and the number of phase winding turns per pole are obtained; the topology and main technical details of the converter are briefly introduced as well. In thermal design stage, a liquid-cooling system is designed based on the thermal analysis of the machine. In the end, the performances of the designed SRM are basically verified by simulation. To get high performances, the exciting angles are optimized in two different operating modes respectively, and the optimized performances in the motoring mode are given as well.

基于改进自抗扰控制的共直流母线开绕组永磁同步电机转矩脉动抑制策略

由于存在零序路径,共直流母线开绕组永磁同步电机会在运行过程中产生零序电流,影响系统效率和稳定运行。传统的零序电流闭环抑制方法调制范围有限,不能充分利用双逆变器系统的调速范围,且交叉耦合、逆变器死区等因素会导致零序电流不能被完全消除。为抑制零序电流和三次谐波反电势相互作用产生的转矩脉动,该文首先提出一种基于改进自抗扰控制的抑制方法,通过并联谐振单元将扩张状态观测器改进为通用积分型扩张状态观测器,以实现对频率较高转矩脉动的准确观测;然后,通过自抗扰控制律对该转矩脉动进行补偿,所提方法能够有效抑制零序电流和三次谐波反电势产生的转矩脉动,尤其是高调制比、零序电压不能被准确合成时,转矩脉动抑制效果明显。最后,在1kW开绕组电机驱动平台上验证所提方法的抗扰能力和鲁棒性。

基于SOGI的改进磁链观测器PMSM无传感器控制

永磁同步电机(PMSM)无传感器矢量控制中,鉴于滑模观测器在低速下获取精确反电动势困难、高速下由于开关动作不连续而造成的抖振问题等缺点,基于静止坐标系下的数学模型,提出了基于二阶广义积分器(SOGI)滤波的磁链观测器算法,将观测的定子磁链通过二阶广义积分器-锁相环(SOGI-PLL)结构进行滤波,实现转子位置和转速估计的方法,运用Simulink对SOGI结构进行仿真。仿真结果表明,SOGI结构输出特定频率信号而不存在相移。搭建高速PMSM实验平台,实验结果表明,当空载启动时,定子磁链观测器算法估计的转子转速和转子位置能够快速、较小误差地收敛到实测值,该实验验证了基于SOGI滤波的定子磁链观测器算法的有效性。

基于改进SOGI的PMSM转子位置估算策略

针对永磁同步电机基于滑模观测器的无传感器控制存在高频抖振、滤波延迟以及谐波干扰等问题,提出一种改进的二阶广义积分器算法,并应用于转子位置估算中。将改进的二阶广义积分器作为滑模观测器无感控制算法的滤波器,估算的转子角频率作为输入,动态调节其谐振频率,实现自适应滤波。提出的改进二阶广义积分器较传统的二阶广义积分器,具有更好的高频干扰信号抑制能力;为调节通频带大小,引入通频带调节系数;为提高对转子角频率的估算速度,引入正交锁相环叠加基频转速对转子角频率进行估算。最后通过试验验证了该策略具有更好的动态和稳态性能。

基于改进超螺旋算法的永磁同步电机快速积分终端滑模速度控制

针对永磁同步电机伺服系统的滑模速度控制存在抖振和鲁棒性不强问题,采用改进积分终端滑模面与广义超螺旋相结合的方法设计转速控制环。提出分段滑模面的方法设计改进的快速积分终端滑模面,可以使得抖振问题得到明显改善;设计改进的广义超螺旋控制器作为切换控制,能够更好地改善系统的动态特性,并证明了此算法的稳定性。仿真结果表明:该方法具有抑制抖振性能强、收敛速度快和跟踪性能好等优点。