The Study on Integrated Risk Management of Chinese Commercial Banks

Integrated risk management becomes gradually mainstream in worldwide. With China being a member of WTO, it put forward a higher requirement for risk management of Chinese commercial banks. So, it＇s of theoretical and practical meaning to study the integrated risk management of Chinese commercial banks. Under the guidance of integrated risk management, it pointed out the identification scope, analysis methods and systematic control strategies of risk management in Chinese commercial banks.

Disaster risk reduction in mountain areas: an initial overview on seeking pathways to global sustainability

As disasters cripple the world’s prospects for sustainable development, protecting the most vulnerable groups exposed to hazards is one of the main challenges facing humanity. Owing to the systemic nature of risk and the interactions and interdependencies between upland and lowland systems, healthy and productive mountain households and livelihoods are essential to global sustainability. This paper argues that, building on existing international frameworks, and integrated knowledge and praxis, the development of a global policy agenda should be established to build sustainable peace, sustainable security, and development.

Disaster risk reduction in mountain areas: a research overview

This paper gives an account of the diverse dimensions of research on disaster risk reduction in mountain regions derived from an open call of the Journal of Mountain Science that brought 21 contributions.This special issue includes topics as diverse as landslide dynamics and mechanisms,landslide inventories and landslide susceptibility models,insights to landslide hazards and disasters and mitigation measures,disaster response and disaster risk reduction.The overall structure of the paper takes the form of three sections.The first part begins by laying out the significance of disaster risk reduction in mountain areas,whereas the second one looks at the research insights on disaster risk reduction in mountains provided by the contributions comprised in the special volume.The final section identifies areas for further research.

Integrated Disaster Risk Management(IDRM):Elements to Advance Its Study and Assessment

This study analyzed the international key literature on integrated disaster risk management(IDRM),considering it a dynamic sociocultural process subjected to the historical process of social formation,offering a closer look at the concept while exploring conceptual elements and ideas to advance IDRM in both national and international contexts.Methodologically,the study adopted a literature review strategy,following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and MetaAnalyses(PRISMA)approach,combined with qualitative content analysis.This article examines the history of IDRM,discusses current challenges for implementation,looks at some experiences,and proposes avenues for further research.Some findings point out the lack of an overarching IDRM approach,which is characterized by a rather disperse set of ideas and experiences concerning what IDRM is and how it should be operationalized,thereby revealing the need for a more comprehensive theory and methodologies to further advance it.Other findings highlight that IDRM encompasses different kinds and levels of"integrations"that go from internal(that is,disaster risk reduction and management domains)to external(that is,all societal processes such as sustainable development),including temporal and spatial integrations.Hence,we are talking about a multidimensional integration of disaster risk management.In this regard,the article proposes four dimensions for integration:sectoral,spatial/hierarchical,temporal,and externally with other cross-cutting societal challenges,especially climate change and sustainable development.These dimensions cover 29 ideas for indicators or"proto-indicators"to guide the discussion,exploration,and analysis of IDRM in specific contexts.

Impact of Improving Design Factor over 0.72 on the Safety and Reliability of Gas Pipelines and Feasibility Justification

Many years experience of the operation of high stress (>72% specified minimum yield strength, SMYS) gas pipelines and statistical analysis results of pipeline incidents showed that the operating pipelines at stress levels over 72% SMYS have not presented problems in USA and Canada, and design factor does not control incidents or the safety of pipelines. Enhancing pipeline safety management level is most important for decreasing incident rate. The application history of higher design factors in the U.S and Canada was reviewed. And the effect of higher factors to the critical flaw size, puncture resistance, change of reliability with time, risk level and the arrest toughness requirements of pipeline were analyzed here. The comparison of pipeline failure rates and risk levels between two design factors (0.72 and 0.8) has shown that a change in design factor from 0.72 to 0.8 would bring little effect on failure rates and risk levels. On the basis of the analysis result, the application feasibility of design factor of 0.8 in China was discussed and the related suggestions were proposed. When an operator wishes to apply design factor 0.8 to gas pipeline, the following process is recommended: stress level of line pipe hydro test should be up to 100% SMYS, reliability and risk assessment at the design feasibility or conceptual stage should be conducted, Charpy impact energy should meet the need of pipeline crack arrest; and establish and execute risk based integrity management plan. The technology of pipeline steel metallurgy, line pipe fabrication and pipeline construction, and line pipe quality control level in China achieved tremendous progresses, and line pipe product standards and property indexes have come up to international advanced level. Furthermore, pipeline safety management has improved greatly in China. Consequently, the research for the feasibility of application of design factor of 0.8 in China has fundamental basis.

Multi-Sectoral Reflections and Efforts in Strengthening Partnerships to Reduce Disaster Risk in Mexico:The First MuSe-IDRiM Conference

Notwithstanding the high societal impact of disasters in Mexico,there is a lack of integrated efforts to establish a sound policy for reducing disaster risk to counterbalance the existing concentrated endeavors in disaster management.In the face of such segmentation,the science and technology community has advocated for a change of perspective,from civil protection to integrated disaster risk managemcnt.The first Multi-Sectoral Conference towards Integrated Disaster Risk Management in Mexico:Building a National Public Policy(MuSe-IDRiM Conference)was held in Mexico City at National Autonomous University of Mexico,21-24 October 2019.In support of the implementation of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030,the conference aimed at enhancing the dialogue between the scienee and technology community,citizens,civil society organizations,private and public sectors,and the federtil,state,and municipal governments to foster the process of transforming the current National Civil Protection System into a national public policy oriented towards integrated disaster risk management(DRM).Barriers and challenges to the implementation of integrated DRM were identified.Implementation of integrated DRM challenges current socioeconomic structures and encourages all releva nt stakeholders to think,decide,and act from a different perspective and within and across spatial,temporal,jurisdictional,and institutional scales.Understanding disaster risk from an integrated approach,learning skills that authorities have not learned or used,and hence,strengthening disaster risk governance are prerequisites to effectively manage disaster risk.

Beyond the Expected-Residual Risk and Cases of Overload in the Context of Managing Alpine Natural Hazards

Structural protection measures are designed to protect the population and infrastructure against natural hazards up to a specific predefined protection goal.Extreme events with intensities that exceed the capacity of these protection structures are called“cases of overload”and are associated with“residual risks”that remain after the implementation of protection measures.In order to address residual risks and to reduce the damages from overload events,a combination of structural protection measures with additional,nonstructural measures is required.Based on data collected through a literature review,a questionnaire survey,expert interviews,and an expert workshop we highlight the status quo as well as key challenges of dealing with residual risks and cases of overload in Alpine countries in the context of geohydrological hazards and gravitational mass movements.We present a holistic conceptual framework that describes the relationships of residual risks,cases of overload,and protection goals in the context of both risk governance and integrated risk management.This framework is valuable for decision makers aiming at an improved management of natural hazards that takes adequate account of residual risk and cases of overload in Alpine countries and mountain areas worldwide.