Non‑fungible tokens:a bubble or the end of an era of intellectual property rights

The viability of exponentially growing non-fungible token(NFT)market is evaluated by identifying potential value-generating mechanisms that can be rationalized.After identifying the value-generating mechanisms underlying the positive values of NFTs,this study establishes a pricing model for NFTs that follows a continuous-time financial framework.As NFTs are claimed to securitize“ownership rights short of use”,and as such they may potentially serve as a substitute for the need to rely replace the reliance on the legal protection provided by intellectual property rights(IPRs).Considering this issue,this study evaluates the likelihood that NFTs will replace existing mechanisms that protect producers’rightful claim to use their assets or the need to apply the legal code that governs IPRs.The financial condition for this potential shift is derived for a category of assets whose use or consumption does not reduce supply as the notion of scarcity does not apply.

The Conflict and Balance Between Intellectual Property Rights and Public Freedom of Information in the“Anti-circumvention Clause”

There is a long-standing conflict between intellectual property rights and public freedom of information.The continuous development of the“anti-circumvention clause”has caused the conflict to intensify.As a basic human right,freedom of information is being gradually eroded by the expansion of intellectual property rights.The existing research mainly carries on the right balance from the negative protection path,but the positive protection path is more advantageous to realizing the public freedom of information and alleviates the conflict between the two kinds of rights.In practice,there are some problems in the application of the anti-circumvention clause,such as the legality of the aim,the division of the protected part,and the determination of the circumvention.This is mainly due to the lack of restrictions on technical measures,the failure to distinguish between“copyright protection”and“contact control”,and the offside and absence of administrative bodies in practice.We should protect public freedom of information by distinguishing the two measures of copyright protection and contact control and the two torts of access and use,increasing the restrictive conditions for the use of technical protection measures,and changing the functions of administrative supervision agencies.

Inheritance,Innovation and Development of Wuling Mountain Area in Hubei Province Based on Intellectual Property Rights

Using the methods of field survey and literature collection,this paper firstly introduces the intellectual property resources of the Wuling Mountain Area in Hubei Province from folk literature and arts,traditional knowledge,biological genetic resources,new plant varieties,patents,geographical indications,and trademarks.Then,it analyzes the main problems in the protection and inheritance,innovation and development of intellectual property rights(IPRs).In addition,it discusses the strategy of inheritance,innovation and high-quality development of this ethnic area in the context of the strategy of strengthening the country with intellectual property rights and the strategy of rural revitalization.Finally,it comes up with recommendations including carrying forward and inheriting folk literature and art,protecting traditional knowledge of traditional craftsmanship,inheriting and innovating to develop traditional Chinese medicine and ethnic medicine,improving the protection and use of geographical indications,and strengthening the IPR protection.

Factors Affecting Enterprise Intellectual Property Rights

This paper analyzes the factors that affect Intellectual Property Right(IPR) development by leveraging the way of system engineering.With scale and relationship as the objects of study,this paper explores the relationships among different factors by way of modeling,summarizes the superficial,shallow and deep reasons at different layers that affect enterprise intellectual property rights,and makes clear the correlation among all factors.

ZTE Achieves Second Place in World Intellectual Property Organization Patent Table

March 18, 2014-ZTE Corporation achieved second place in the World Intellectual Pro ble of patent applicants, strengthening the company＇ s position as one of the world＇ s leading With 2309 filings under the Patent Cooperation Treaty （PCT）, ZTE was second only to ZTE ranked number one. perty Organization＇s annual ta- technology innovators. Panasonic. In 2011 and 2012,

Strengthening Protection Of Proprietary Intellectual Property Rights and Implementation of Technology Standard Strategies

This article focuses on the current situation in technical research and development （R＆D） and proprietary intellectual property rights （IPRs） in China. Based on the situation of Far East Cable Company, it analyzes the significance of strengthening the protection of proprietary IPRs and implementing a strategy for technology standards and then discusses the actual work and future arrangement of proprietary IPRs and technology standard strategies. It points out that the enhancement of proprietary IPRs protection and implementation of technology standard strategies is the only way for enterprises to remain competitive.

China Court Cases on Intellectual Property Rights——First Chinese-English treatise on lP-related case analyses;hard cover,900 pages

For the purpose of summarising the judicial experiencein adjudicating IP-related cases and familarising the readersin China and overseas with the practical situation of

National Strategy on Intellectual Property Rights to Be Launched This Year

Ms. Chen Zhili, a State Councilor,expressed on the Glooal Forum on Intellectual Property Rights Protection and Innovation that a plan on the preparation of China's strategy on intellectual property rights would be issued and put into implcmentation this year, in an effort to jointly create a harmonious environment in which dialogue instead of confrontation will prevail.. At the forum, Mr.……

The Establishment of Intellectual Property Rights

A common act taken by every innovation-oriented country is its protection for intellectual property. The main mission for establishing intellectual property rights is to normalize the rights and laws over its entire domain of jurisdiction. This article introduces the new concept of "intellectual-property-rights-ization", and discusses about the role and importance of this concept; a country that has normalized intellectual property rights are characterized by a people that realize the importance of intellectual property rights, a presence of a rule system that protects one 's intellectual property, an administration that regulates intellectual property rights, a specialization of labor in protecting IPR, and a strong education system.

A Cross-Border E-Commerce Intellectual Property Rights

As an intangible property right,intellectual property is a very important economic resource,which is of great significance for merchants to enter the international market.With the development of The Times,more and more merchants begin to look globally and enter the overseas market.In order to gain a foothold and develop in the international market where intellectual property rights are more strictly protected,intellectual property rights have important significance that cannot be ignored by all businesses.Writing significance:Taking NetEase Koala as an example to further understand the IPR protection of cross-border e-commerce.

CNTAC Intellectual Property Rights Alliance established

From March Ilth to March 12th, China National Textile and Apparel Council (CNTAC) Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) Alliance Founding Inaugural Meeting Preparatory Session and the Textile Techno-logical Innovation Seminar together with the CNTAC IPRs Alliance Launching Ceremony was held in Shanghai. It was reported that establishment of the CNTAC IPRs Alliance was initiated by Shanghai Tex-tile Academy Co., Ltd. under the advocacy and support of the CNTAC.

Quantitative Characteristics of Patentable Applications in Japan： An Analysis Using Bibliographic Information of Application Documents

This study examined Japanese patents in terms of the quantitative characteristics of application documents that resulted in the acquisition of rights in order to clarify the relationship between the features and patentability of applications. The groups of approved applications and those that had not been approved were compared for 12 variables： publication time lag; numbers of inventors, classifications, pages, figures, tables, claims, priority claims, countries for priority claims, cited patents, and cited non-patent documents; and median of citation age. Furthermore, the authors carried out the experiments in which patent applications were automatically classified into two groups by the machine learning method, random forests. As a result, statistically significant differences between the two groups were observed for the following variables （p 〈 .001）： the numbers of inventors, pages, figures, claims, priority claims, and countries for priority claims were significantly larger in the group of approved applications, while the time lag until publication was smaller. In particular, the publication time lag and the numbers of inventors, pages, and figures were variables representing the features that largely contribute to discriminating approved applications in the classification using random forests, which implies that these have relatively strong relationships with patentability.

Rape Breeding and Its Intellectual Property Protection in China

Rape is the third largest oil crop in the world and the first one in China.The national average rapeseed yield is only 2077.5 kg/hm^(2),and the rapeseed oil yield is 894 kg/hm^(2).This paper introduced the main types,germplasm resources,breeding bases and breeding progress of Chinese rape,and studied its high-quality varieties,breeding patents and new varieties of agricultural plants.We analyzed the main problems such as serious loss of germplasm resources in Brassica campestris L.and Brassica juncea(L.)Czern.et Coss and weak"agricultural chip"in rape field,and put forward strategies such as strengthening the protection of rape germplasm resources,encouraging the development of"agricultural chip"in rape industry clusters with national advantages and characteristics,and strengthening the protection of agricultural intellectual property rights.

Intellectual Property Protection,Inheritance,Innovation and Development of Woody Edible Oilseeds in Hubei Province

Only by developing woody edible oilseeds industry can we ensure the safety of the important industrial chain and supply chain of vegetable edible oil in China.There are 13 kinds of woody edible oil plants in Hubei,including Camellia oleifera Abel(oil tea),Juglans regia L.(walnut),Olea europaea L.(olive)and Paeonia suffruticosa(oil peony).This paper studies the main industries of woody edible oilseeds in Hubei Province and their intellectual property resources,and analyzes the main problems in their intellectual property protection,inheritance,innovation and development.Finally,it proposes some strategies,including carrying forward the traditional knowledge related to woody edible oilseeds,innovating the"agricultural chip",creating key counties of national woody edible oil seeds,and developing industrial clusters with national advantages and characteristics.

Multiple Attributes and Research Paradigms of Intellectual Property Rights

Among the multifarious systems of civil law rights, intellectual property rights （IPR） score relatively high in terms of scientific and technological content and knowledge factors. It is generally accepted that copyright occurs in the realm of cultural creation, and is closely related to cultural innovation and the culture industry; patent rights arise in the field of technical applications, and are closely allied with technical innovation and the technology industry; and trademarks function in the area of business operations and involve a number of issues such as product sales and market trading. In the knowledge-based economy, the implementation of an IPR system can have a profound impact on a country＇s economic development, technological progress, and cultural and educational prosperity. And in the context of economic globalization, IPR protection also involves international politics and trade as well as cultural and technological exchanges and cooperation between countries.It is therefore both important and necessary for us to explore the attributes of IPR from the perspective of civil law, and to examine the functions of IPR from the multiple perspectives of human rights theories, economics, management and policy science. This helps us reveal the basic meaning of intellectual property rights from different disciplinary perspectives, and to maintain problem orientation and methodological openness in IPR research.

Fusion of Horizons:A New Perspective on Intellectual Property Rights

The mission of legal philosophy and philosophical hermeneutics has always been to comprehend the nature of intellectual property rights and the intellectual property rights system for the purpose of improving them. The difficulty of this task lies in the limitations in legal thinking resulting from the division of labor in the legal profession. A clear perception of the nature of intellectual property rights and the intellectual property rights system can only be obtained when we transcend intellectual property rights law. If we adopt the thinking of legal philosophy and the logic of dialectics to analyze the intellectual property rights system and explore the differing nature of institutional structures and their interrelationships, we can show that the intellectual property rights system is essentially an institutional arrangement involving balancing different considerations and implying a high level of political intellect. Only when intellectual property rights legislation possesses this kind of wisdom will people voluntarily abide by its rules in their life and work.

Inheritance,Innovation and High-quality Development of Herbaceous Edible Oils in Hubei Province under the Strategy of Strengthening the Country with Intellectual Property

Only by improving the production capacity of domestic herbal edible oil can China ensure the safety of the supply chain of the important industrial chain of vegetable edible oil in China and practice the big food concept.In addition to rice,maize,and soybean for using as grain and oil,there are eight kinds of herbaceous edible oil crops in Hubei Province,including rape,peanut,sesame,sunflower,perilla(perilla seed),cotton,linen and tiger nut(Cyperus esculentus).This paper studies the main industries of herbaceous edible oil crops and their intellectual property resources in Hubei Province,and analyzes the main problems of its inheritance,innovation and high-quality development under the strategy of strengthening the country with intellectual property.Finally,it proposes the countermeasures of carrying forward and inheriting traditional knowledge and traditional culture,maintaining the biodiversity of crops,strengthening the creation of new plant varieties and breeding patents,and opening up the whole chain of intellectual property rights.

Intellectual Property Rights Securitization Models Selection and Policies Development in China: Based on a Multi-Case Comparison

Intellectual property rights securitization(IPRS) is a fundamental approach to monetizing intellectual property rights to resolve financing difficulties for scientific and technological enterprises. It is also a necessary way to realize the value of intellectual property rights. Existing researches in China only introduce foreign IPRS models but rarely discusses reasons behind the IPRS successes and lessons drawn from its failures. There are also rare IPRS policy researches and recommendations for IPRS development in China. This article cards the IPRS policies in China first, and then conducts a comparison research of intellectual property rights owners, obligees, originators, credit rating agencies, issuing scale, and so on as main information and data from the IPRS cases at home and abroad. Furthermore, this article constructs a three-dimensional policy model of “subject-element-process” and identifies the main problems from the laws and policies, operational models, valuation methods, investment objectives, tax and service rates,etc. of the IPRS. The results indicate that the model we construct is suitable for the Chinese market in that it describes the objectives and processes of IPRS as well as specific activities and capital flows. In the end, this article puts forward five policy recommendations for China’s IPRS development. The first is to add the intellectual property rights future implementation cash flow as the IPRS object. The second is to improve the existing evaluation methods. The third is to combine SPT and SPE models, establish in-house intellectual property rights service teams of security companies, set up government risk fund pools to lead IPRS, and reduce the investment threshold. The fourth is to explore the equity-debt convertible IPRS products and the intellectual property rights auction mechanism to make up for the losses of IPRS failure.The fifth is to formulate IPRS tax preferential policies, and lower the local government subsidy proportion for loan interests, service fee and loss compensation for IPRS.