Effects of inter-culture, arabinogalactan proteins, and hydrogen peroxide on the plant regeneration of wheat immature embryos

The regeneration rate of wheat immature embryo varies among genotypes, howbeit many elite agriculture wheat varieties have low regeneration rates. Optimization of tissue culture conditions and attempts of adding signal molecules are effective ways to increase plant regeneration rate. Inter-culture is one of ways that have not been investigated in plant tissue culture. Moreover, the use of arabinogalactan proteins （AGPs） and hydrogen peroxide （H202） have been reported to increase regeneration rate in a few plant species other than wheat. The current research pioneeringly uses inter-culture of immature embryos of different wheat genotypes, and also investigates impacts of AGP and H2O2 on the induction of embryogenic calli and plant regeneration. As a result, high-frequency regeneration wheat cultivars Kenong 199 （KN 199） and Xinchun 9 （XC9）, together with low-frequency regeneration wheat line Chinese Spring （CS）, presented striking increase in the induction of embryogenic calli and plant regeneration rate of CS through inter-culture strategy, up to 52.19 and 67.98%, respectively. Adding 50 to 200 mg L-1 AGP or 0.005 to 0.01‰ H2O2 to the callus induction medium, enhanced growth of embryogenic calli and plant regeneration rate in quite a few wheat genotypes. At 50 mg L-1 AGP application level in callus induction medium plant regeneration rates of 8.49,409.06 and 283.16% were achieved for Jimai 22 （JM22）, Jingdong 18 （JD18） and Yangmai 18 （YM18）, respectively; whereas at 100 mg L-1 AGP level, CS （105.44%）, Chuannong 16 （CN16） （80.60%） and Ningchun 4 （NC4） （62.87%） acted the best. Moreover CS （79.05%）, JM22 （7.55%）, CN16 （101.87%）, YM18 （365.56%）, Yangmai 20 （YM20） （10.48%）, and CB301 （187.40%） were more responsive to 0.005 %o of H2O2, and NC4 （35.37%） obtained the highest shoot regeneration rates at 0.01%o of H2O2. Overall, these two methods, inter-culture and AGP （or H2O2） application, can be further applied to wheat transgenic research.

The Application of Hofstede’s Value Dimensions to Inter-culture Business

A manager,Mr.Wang,sent emails everyday to his employee,Dannis,to show his care,only leading Dannis to quit.The two sides of the confrontation in the above case actually represent the different value dimension of two countries,with Dannis representing American people and Mr.Wang representing Chinese people.American culture tends towards individualism and Chinese culture tends towards collectivism.

A Comparative Study of Chinese and American Family Education Through Inter-culture Taking Simon Sucks and Peppa Pig for Example

Family education, as a widely-concerned topic, has always been up to an unprecedented level in most Chinese families.It shapes children's personalities and has life-long influence on children. Because of its importance of family education, she wanted to explore it. The paper will compare Chinese and American family education through hot cartoons, Simon sucks and Peppa Pig.It will be analyzed by literature review and case study methods. After researching, people can know family education better and improve their family education way.

Environmental archaeology on Longshan Culture （4500-4000 aBP） at Yuhuicun Site in Bengbu, Anhui Province

Based on the samples collected from the west wall of the ABYT2004 at Yuhuicun Site in Bengbu, Anhui Province, the multi-environmental substitute indexes such as the grain-size, Rb/Sr, zircon crystal morphology and magnetic susceptibility were analyzed. The age of archaeological strata was determined by AMS^14C dating. According to the results, combined with the information of the ancient human activities and the cultural heritage data obtained from the Longshan cultural archaeological strata, it can be concluded that （1） Before 4500 aBP, the climate was humid and water level was high in the Huaihe River and its tributaries, the drainage basin and its surrounding areas were even flooded, so the site area was submerged and there were no human activities around the site. （2） About 4500 aBP, the climate began to become drier and water level of the Huaihe River and its tributaries began to decline, thus floodplain gradually appeared, Yuhuicun Site and Longshan Culture began to appear. （3） Around 4100 aBP, the climate was humid and rainfall was abundant, which resulted in frequent flood disasters in the whole Huaihe River Basin. （4） After 4100 aBP, the climate gradually transited to be cold and dry, agricultural production was constrained to reduce the food source, Yuhuicun Site was almost abandoned. （5） The environmental information in sedimentary strata and historical records based on ancient books agree with each other. In addition, Yuhuicun Site was related to Dayu Zhishui （Yu the Great in taming the floods） in ancient books.

Culture Self- Consciousness in Transmission of Chinese Philosophy from the Perspective of English Globalization -- Taking the Belt and Road Initiative for Example

The Belt and Road Initiative contains the aspiration of Chinese nation to pursue ideological freedom and desire of strengthening international exchanges and cooperation. This paper takes the Belt and Road Initiative for example,emphasizing the interpretation of the inheritance and development of Chinese culture so as to study the importance of Culture Self-Consciousness in Chinese Philosophy,in the context of English globalization. That is to say,this paper stresses the spirits and the stand of nation 's demonstration on pursuing peace,cooperation and sustainable development in the civilization continuity from traditional China to the contemporary China,with practical philosophic view.

The Inter-cultural Analysis of PSA for Disaster between China and the West

As a special and extensive type of advertising, public service advertising(PSA) has become an important cultural phenomenon. Same as commercial advertisement, PSA can also convey cultural values. Out of similar purposes, however, PSA for disasters between China and other western countries contain many differences. Aiming to reveal the cultural differences, this paper undertakes the analysis of PSA for disasters of China and other western countries from the perspective of inter-cultural communication.

Gender Differences in Discourse Style in the Context of Inter- cultural Communication

Due to differences in value orientation,thinking model and other aspects of social norms,it is difficult to completely avoid cultural collision and conflict betw een cross-cultural communications. As an important channel of inter- cultural communication,verbal communication w ill vary depending on different gender styles. T he analysis of the impact of gender discourse on human activity in a specific context and the explanations of different discourse style can be helpful in better understanding the communicative behavior of human beings. Based on this,this paper makes a study of the gender differences in discourse style in the context of inter- cultural communication,first explaining several relevant concepts,and then discussing several gender differences in discourse style and the cultural reasons in inter- cultural communication attribution,last presenting some proposals for promoting gender cross- cultural communication.

Inter-cultural Communication of Advertising Translation

Languages and cultures of different nations have their own characteristics. In order to communicate with each other, human beings must make use of the methods of translation. Thus, it shows that translation, which is a social activity of inter-language, inter-culture and inter-community, is linked closely to culture. Meanwhile, the features of translation represent similarly in advertising translation. Generally speaking, when doing advertising translation,it can not only focus on language differences between the two sides, but also pay attention to cultural differences. Or else it would be difficult to translate satisfying advertisements. By taking examples from Chinese-English and English-Chinese, this paper compares the different aspects between Chinese and Western thinking sets, traditional ideas and values in order to reflect differences of advertising translation based on different cultures. Finally, it will sum up some strategies of inter-cultural advertising translation.

从跨媒介到跨文化--新世纪以来中国杂技剧实践回望

新世纪初产生的中国杂技剧创演潮流作为当代剧场跨媒介实践的重要形式,是杂技与戏剧、音乐、舞蹈及多媒体技术等多种媒介再媒介化的中国艺术成果。在西方后戏剧和新马戏创作理念影响下,中国杂技剧成为具有中国性、世界化的跨媒介剧场艺术,业界探索性地把有剧情、有人物、有情节及视觉奇观的杂技剧视为一种新型的戏剧性舞台演出样式。中国杂技剧在中华文化走出去和中国式现代化持续推进的背景下,再次成为中国对外交流与海外商业演出的主力军之一。

Pragmatic Failure In Intercultural Communication Based on Negative Transfer

In recent years, with the fast development of economy, international trade makes the communication constantly hap pen between people who come from different cultural backgrounds. Generally, the cultural difference may interrupt the commu nication and cause the failure of communication. A communicator, who is affected by his native culture, sometimes cannot under stand the foreigners' intention or express himself exactly in foreign language. Then, it is pragmatic failure. The thesis is to search the ways to solve the problem by analyzing the pragmatic failure.

阅读推广联动视角下的文化走读创新实践研究--以南京图书馆“沿着运河读中国”为例

论文从文化走读视角论述了公共图书馆阅读推广的实践现状和问题,省级公共图书馆开展阅读推广活动实践的难点,以南京图书馆阅读推广活动“沿着运河读中国”工作创新实践为案例,对今后阅读推广展开思考,认为融合是趋势,营销是关键,专业是根本。

Contrastive Rhetoric and Inter-language Theory

A learner’s stages of L2 development are connected by his or her L1 and culture.It is,accordingly,of paramount importance to understand the second language learners’culture and learning process and better assist them through this process in the way of teaching them English.Similarly,inter-language theory(IL)and contrastive rhetoric are affected by factors,such as learner’s L1,learning experiences,and culture.This paper talks about these two theory’s characteristics,constructs,and importance,so language instructors may better understand the L2 learning phenomena and think out better methods to help language learners improve their language skills.

Culture Shock:an Inevitable Experience

Culture shock is a problem that most overseas students may experience,hence the importance of analysis on culture shock and its influences.This paper firstly draws on the reasons why culture difference exists and the situation it brings about.The result shows that culture shock is inevitable to anyone who lives abroad,and the variability in the length of culture shock time.Therefore the only method abroad people can deal with culture shock is to release the caused effect,and communicate more until the effect recedes.At the end of this essay,it offers advice on how to get over culture shock period and obtain a better acculturation when studying abroad.

Optimization of Culture Components for Laccase Activity from Pleurotus Ostreatus P40 Using Response Surface Methodology

High enzymatic activity is required for laccase applications.Central composite design （CCD）-based response surface methodology （RSM） can effectively increase the enzymatic activity of Pleurotus ostreatus P40 in liquid substrate fermentation.Initial screening of the nutritional components was performed using a Plackett-Burman design.The variables,namely,bran,bagasse,Tween 80,and yeast extract,were found to have statistically significant effects on laccase activity.These variables were further optimized using CCD-based RSM.Optimal concentrations for the maximum laccase activity were 8.144 2 g/L bran,50 g/L bagasse,0.424 1 mL/L Tween 80,and 2.832 5 g/L yeast extract.Under optimized conditions,the maximum measured laccase activity reached 96 480 U/L,which was close to the predicted value （104 830 U/L） by RSM.Therefore,RSM can be used to optimize culture components for laccase activity from Pieurotus ostreatus P40.

The Influence of Culture and Biographical Variables on the Brand Image of Google and Baidu: An Exploratory Study in Guangzhou,China

The study found significant correlations between the culture dimensions of Confucian work dynamism,humanheartedness and moral discipline and the brand image dimensions of online search engines.It was also found that several significant relationships exist between the biographical variables of age and education and the brand image dimensions,and that culture and biographical variables have a linear relationship with brand image.The findings highlight that culture and biographical information can influence Chinese consumer perceptions of an international or local brand.Organizations thus need to align their brands with the culture and biographical profile of their target markets.

On Folk Culture Translation in Tales of Hulan River from the Perspective of Deconstructionism

Since the beginning of 21 th century, promoting culture export and spreading Chinese culture have become the top priorityof China. As the main carrier of culture, excellent literary works become the best choice for Chinese culture"going out". The trans-lation of folk culture in Tale of Hulan River translated by Howard Goldblatt is analyzed from the perspective of deconstructionismwith an aim to give other translators some inspiration and enlightenment on translation of Chinese culture.

国际汉语教师的胜任力研究--任务分析和招聘面试问题归类得出的结论

随着汉语国际推广的发展,对汉语教师胜任力的要求已经不能局限于以往的对外汉语教学了,国内外对一般教师胜任特征的研究也不足以揭示国际汉语教师胜任力的特殊内涵。对国际汉语教师的教学进行任务分析,并收集国际汉语教师遴选面试外国用人单位招聘考官对候选者所提的问题,从中归纳总结国际汉语教师用人单位的胜任力要求。两相对照发现,国际汉语教师除应具备一般教师的能力外,还同时需要具备特殊的胜任力要求,即多元文化背景知识以及在异文化背景下独立承担教学、完成教育任务的能力。

头颈部肿瘤SALL4、MAGE-A3特异性CTL免疫反应分析

目的使用Cultured酶联免疫斑点法Cultured(ELISPOT法)检测头颈部肿瘤患者外周血中婆罗双树样基因4(SALL4)、黑色素瘤抗原-A3(MAGE-A3)特异性细胞毒性T细胞(CTL)免疫反应水平,探讨其表达与临床特征的相关性。方法选择2016年10月-2017年6月新疆医科大学附属肿瘤医院病理明确诊断头颈部鳞癌38例患者,采用Cultured ELISPOT方法检测患者外周血中SALL4、MAGE-A3抗原肽的特异性CTL反应频率及强度,并分析其与患者临床特征的关系。结果 (1)头颈部肿瘤患者外周血中SALL4、MAGE-A3特异性CTL反应频率分别为47.37%(18/38)和47.37%(18/38),平均反应强度分别4 233.11SFC/106PBMCs和2 453.59SFC/106PBMCs。(2)肿瘤分期T1组SALL4特异性CTL反应频率和强度与T2~4组比较,差异有统计学意义(P=0.033和P=0.042)。(3)肿瘤分期T1组MAGE-A3特异性CTL反应强度与T2~4组比较,差异有统计学意义(P=0.036)。结论 SALL4、MAGE-A3抗原多肽能在头颈部肿瘤患者外周血中产生特异性CTL免疫反应,可为肿瘤的免疫治疗提供实验室数据。

礼仪的交织--以抄本清初中国天主教葬礼仪式指南为例

对明末清初中西文化交流的研究,主要集中于思想与科学交流,而较少关注礼仪。但是,礼仪是中国文化很重要的一个特色。作者以清初的丧葬礼仪为例,从社会学及人类学的角度分析中国儒家与欧洲天主教礼仪的互动与交织。在17世纪中期,中国天主教葬礼已经变得较为巩固,然而传教士和中国信徒仍然在为葬礼的具体形式寻求共识。文献显示,广州事件过后,传教士和中国信徒移植天主教礼仪的方法发生了变化,由原来的简单调整,改为进行一系列的重组,因为中国的文化传统是如此之强势。