This research paper investigates the interface design and functional optimization of Chinese learning apps through the lens of user experience.With the increasing popularity of Chinese language learning apps in the er...This research paper investigates the interface design and functional optimization of Chinese learning apps through the lens of user experience.With the increasing popularity of Chinese language learning apps in the era of rapid mobile internet development,users'demands for enhanced interface design and interaction experience have grown significantly.The study aims to explore the influence of user feedback on the design and functionality of Chinese learning apps,proposing optimization strategies to improve user experience and learning outcomes.By conducting a comprehensive literature review,utilizing methods such as surveys and user interviews for data collection,and analyzing user feedback,this research identifies existing issues in the interface design and interaction experience of Chinese learning apps.The results present user opinions,feedback analysis,identified problems,improvement directions,and specific optimization strategies.The study discusses the potential impact of these optimization strategies on enhancing user experience and learning outcomes,compares findings with previous research,addresses limitations,and suggests future research directions.In conclusion,this research contributes to enriching the design theory of Chinese learning apps,offering practical optimization recommendations for developers,and supporting the continuous advancement of Chinese language learning apps.展开更多
The fusion of VlSI (visual identity system Internet), digital maps and Web GIS is presented. Web GIS interface interactive design with VISI needs to consider more new factors. VISI can provide the design principle, ...The fusion of VlSI (visual identity system Internet), digital maps and Web GIS is presented. Web GIS interface interactive design with VISI needs to consider more new factors. VISI can provide the design principle, elements and contents for the Web GIS. The design of the Wuhan Bus Search System is fulfilled to confirm the validity and practicability of the fusion.展开更多
Interactive digital television is at early stage as regards the interface design, especially in business transactions (t-commerce). Current attempts to transpose the problem related to linearity of narrative and tem...Interactive digital television is at early stage as regards the interface design, especially in business transactions (t-commerce). Current attempts to transpose the problem related to linearity of narrative and temporal flows and audiovisual content obstruction by the interactive layer, although pointing out design perspectives--in addition to the structural and visual web patterns--are still insufficient as regards the design of interfaces connected and converged for t-commerce applications. This article considers that these problems arise from the structural basis that support television scripts and streamings. In this sense, this article proposes the hybridization between the linear model, inherited from analogue condition, and nonlinear model, intrinsic to digital media, as a methodological strategy aiming to strength the creation of interactive audiovisual content connected and convergent for this context.展开更多
This paper describes the design and evaluation of a user interface for a remotely supervised autonomous agricultural sprayer. The interface was designed to help the remote supervisor to instruct the autonomous sprayer...This paper describes the design and evaluation of a user interface for a remotely supervised autonomous agricultural sprayer. The interface was designed to help the remote supervisor to instruct the autonomous sprayer to commence operation, monitor the status of the sprayer and its operation in the field, and intervene when needed (i.e., to stop or shut down). Design principles and guidelines were carefully selected to help develop a human-centered automation interface. Evaluation of the interface using a combination of heuristic, cognitive walkthrough, and user testing techniques revealed several strengths of the design as well as areas that needed further improvement. Overall, this paper provides guidelines that will assist other researchers to develop an ergonomic user interface for a fully autonomous agricultural machine.展开更多
Using multimedia writing tools ‘Author ware' for Windows 3.0b18, and making a multimedia interface for a simple interface generated by FoxPro 2.5B, mainly to solve how to connect an interface with Author ware and Fo...Using multimedia writing tools ‘Author ware' for Windows 3.0b18, and making a multimedia interface for a simple interface generated by FoxPro 2.5B, mainly to solve how to connect an interface with Author ware and FoxPro database, namely the communication problem between two separate programs under the Windows environment and to generate the multimedia interface which is consistent with the status and requests for the management information system, namely the problem that how to establish multimedia interface design.展开更多
This paper mainly revisits the interface design of the English learning app which is currently used by secondary vocational students by exploring the English learning of secondary vocational students and the psycholog...This paper mainly revisits the interface design of the English learning app which is currently used by secondary vocational students by exploring the English learning of secondary vocational students and the psychological characteristics of secondary vocational students.The author puts forward some suggestions to the interface design of English learning APP which is suitable for secondary vocational students,hoping to provide some help for English learning of secondary vocational students.展开更多
The interfacial structure plays an important role in the mechanical properties of magnesium matrix composite(MMCs)reinforced with graphene nanosheet(GNS)due to their poor wettability with the Mg matrix.An interface de...The interfacial structure plays an important role in the mechanical properties of magnesium matrix composite(MMCs)reinforced with graphene nanosheet(GNS)due to their poor wettability with the Mg matrix.An interface design strategy was proposed to form the semi-coherent interfacial structure with superior bonding strength.The lattice mismatch and interfacial bonding strength between Mg/rare earth oxide/carbon were utilized as key characteristics to evaluate the interfacial structure.Lanthanum oxide(La2O3)was selected as the intermediate candidate due to its low lattice mismatch and high interfacial bonding strength.To identify the interfacial structure of Mg/La2O3/graphene,first-principles calculations were conducted to calculate the ideal work of separation and electronic structure of the interfaces.Results demonstrated the presence of strong ionic and covalent interactions at the interface,which theoretically verified the strong interfacial bonding strength among Mg/La2O3/graphene interfaces.To experimentally validate the interface strength,MMCs with the interface structure of Mg/La2O3/GNS were developed.The formation of in-situ La2O3 led to the successful attainment of semi-coherent structures between Mg/La2O3 and La2O3/GNS,resulting in high strength and good ductility of the composite.Overall,this work proposes a new approach to interface design in MMCs with an enhancement of mechanical properties.展开更多
Feedback mechanism is a specific feature of control systems, however, the similarity has been found in decision support systems. Just because of this, the DSS can provide a flexible learning and thinking environment, ...Feedback mechanism is a specific feature of control systems, however, the similarity has been found in decision support systems. Just because of this, the DSS can provide a flexible learning and thinking environment, and help decision maker to solve semistructured and unstructured problems actively and creatively. In this paper, the role and type of the feedback in decision making are discussed from different point of view. This is also true in DSS because it supports decision making. The feedback design, especially the feedback interface design, is described through a case of practice DSS. Based on these points, the feedback mechanism is an important feature of DSS, and it is one of the differences between DSS and MIS.展开更多
This paper explains the development of a culturally inclusive ubiquitous M-Learning platform(“Mobile Academy”)with an AI-based adaptive user interface.The rationale and need for this research and development are jus...This paper explains the development of a culturally inclusive ubiquitous M-Learning platform(“Mobile Academy”)with an AI-based adaptive user interface.The rationale and need for this research and development are justified by the continuing widespread adoption of the Internet and Internet enabled devices,especially smartphones.The M-learning platform was designed from the onset for the global traveller.The characteristics and limitations of the application are also discussed.The Mobile Academy,proof of concept prototype,was created to facilitate teaching and learning on the move or in environments where the use of a desktop computer is inconvenient or simply impossible.The platform’s primary objective was cross-cultural usability through the use of a combination of AI and plasticity of user interface design techniques.The usability evaluation plan was comprehensive and the results obtained were studied in detail.This also included consideration of the results of the SVM(Support Vector Machine)classifiers’performance and cross-device evaluation.The AI-based adaptive interface prototype has been tested and evaluated to show its merits and capabilities in terms of its usability,inclusivity and effectiveness of the interface.From the results,it was concluded that such a culture independent application was also affordable.展开更多
By analysis of the functions of animal hospital's departments, combining with management information development truth, the paper developed animal hospital management system. The system included six modules, like sys...By analysis of the functions of animal hospital's departments, combining with management information development truth, the paper developed animal hospital management system. The system included six modules, like system management module basic information management module, sections management module, and so on. The paper used Visual C++6.0 and SQL Server 2000, and ODBC database accessing technology, which can encapsulate any database table and operation into class. The system could make any window to share table's operation to realize hospital management quickly and efficiency.展开更多
The clothing industry is booming,and clothing prices are more affordable today.People's requirements for clothing are no longer limited to the question of enough clothing to wear.In order to solve the main problem...The clothing industry is booming,and clothing prices are more affordable today.People's requirements for clothing are no longer limited to the question of enough clothing to wear.In order to solve the main problem that consumers have a lot of clothes but don't know how to match and look good,this article aims to design a matchmaker application(app)-Coordinator app.Through analyzing the current situation of existing apparel matching apps and typical case,the paper summarizes the existing clothing,the advantages and disadvantages of matching apps,and the combine with user needs survey feedback,to design the main four modules required by the Coordinator app which are elaborated and displayed separately.展开更多
This thesis paper is a brief summary of user centered design, (particularly in the situation of under the battlefield), which incorporates the related information after reviewing many other papers. A display screen us...This thesis paper is a brief summary of user centered design, (particularly in the situation of under the battlefield), which incorporates the related information after reviewing many other papers. A display screen user requires an ability to provide proper information while considering a variety of information in a short period. While operating the display screen, the user is heavily pressed for time as the missions are allocated through many different steps of orders. In addition, since a failure would cause fatal damage or cause further defeat, this increases the pressure of time. The right environment for operating a display screen is most useful when the user is in the most vulnerable time period or long-term continuous operation of the display screen. In that kind of sterile environment, the operating display screen is there to help the user’s decisions for the matter at hand, in this it should follow the user centered design and improve the user’s handiness and use. Furthermore, the information should be provided in accordance with the user's informational and perceptional process, and the capacity of the information process should be improved with the movement through each process and step. This thesis paper can be used as a reference material when designing the display screen in order to apply a user’s experiences.展开更多
During the operation of complex process, such as oil production or refming, abnormal situations may occur, leading to an alarm flooding. Alarm flooding is the signalling of a large number of alarms in a few minutes, i...During the operation of complex process, such as oil production or refming, abnormal situations may occur, leading to an alarm flooding. Alarm flooding is the signalling of a large number of alarms in a few minutes, in such a way that it is impossible for the operator to attend to all alarms. On these occasions, it is usual that the operator leaves the alarm summary list and gets an analysis of the plant through the screens of the DCS (digital control system), seeking to understand the situation. The alarm summary list ceases to be a useful tool. In such cases, the operator might have the aid of a filter that would present the highest priority alarms and other information associated with them, enabling him to gain a better knowledge of the situation. This paper describes the interface of a system aimed to help the operator to have a more comprehensive knowledge of the process (a better situational awareness) during process upsets that cause alarm flooding, recovering the utility of the alarm layer to the safety of industrial processes.展开更多
Collagen fibers provide a good example of making strong micro-or mesoscale fibers from nanoscale tropocollagen molecules through a staggered and crosslinked organization in a bottom-up manner.Mimicking the architectur...Collagen fibers provide a good example of making strong micro-or mesoscale fibers from nanoscale tropocollagen molecules through a staggered and crosslinked organization in a bottom-up manner.Mimicking the architectural features of collagen fibers has been shown to be a promising approach to develop carbon nanotube(CNT)fibers of high performance.In the present work,an elastic model is developed to describe the load transfer and failure propagation within the bioinspired CNT bundles,and to establish the relations of the mechanical properties of the bundles with a number of geometrical and physical parameters such as the CNT aspect ratio and longitudinal gap,interface cross-link density,and the functionalizationinduced degradation in CNTs,etc.With the model,the stress distributions along the CNT-CNT interface as well as in every individual CNT are well captured,and the failure propagation along the interface and its effects on the mechanical properties of the CNT bundles are predicted.The work may provide useful guidelines for the design of novel CNT fibers in practice.展开更多
Developing materials with excellent properties has been the untiring pursuit of mankind.Metallic glasses(MGs)would be the ideal metallic materials if their size could be scaled up to be comparable to traditional metal...Developing materials with excellent properties has been the untiring pursuit of mankind.Metallic glasses(MGs)would be the ideal metallic materials if their size could be scaled up to be comparable to traditional metals.To address this challenge,a variety of approaches have been attempted over the past decades,including thermodynamicsbased alloy,3D printing and the recent artificial intelligenceguided optimal alloy.In this study,a facile and flexible route was demonstrated to manufacture giant MGs(GMGs)with diameters more than 100 mm through the thermo-joining process.The jointed GMG samples feature almost the same performance as the as-cast ones.The ability of manufacturing complex 3D components such as the Chinese Zodiacs was also demonstrated.Our approach might overcome the longstanding problem of glass forming ability(GFA)limitations in alloy systems and pave new concept and route to fabricate size unlimited MGs.展开更多
Conditionally and highly automated vehicles will require drivers to take control as a result of a non-emergency,such as a geographical,terrain,capability or design boundary.It is anticipated that these events will pro...Conditionally and highly automated vehicles will require drivers to take control as a result of a non-emergency,such as a geographical,terrain,capability or design boundary.It is anticipated that these events will provide the driver with a sufficient amount of time to prepare themselves for the transition of control.This study explores conditionally and highly automated vehicle transitions of control by asking how drivers of differing skill levels(learner,intermediate and advanced)approach the task of designing an interface responsible for making transitions safer,more usable and more efficient.Three focus groups generated detailed designs for vehicle-to-driver transitions in an 1-h and a 10-min“out-of-the-loop”scenarios and transitions from driver to vehicle.Results show great variation in the approaches taken by each skill group(e.g.,the reliance on visual interfaces for awareness assist and viewpoints on issues such as multimodal displays).Customization was a common theme throughout,with drivers desiring the option to adjust alert timings and modalities in which information is displayed.This paper presents these designs along with a detailed comparison of group designs and implements distributed situation awareness theory to discuss findings and draw conclusions.展开更多
Aircraft cockpit display interface (CDI) is one of the most important human-machine interfaces for information perceiving. During the process of aircraft design, situation awareness (SA) is frequently considered t...Aircraft cockpit display interface (CDI) is one of the most important human-machine interfaces for information perceiving. During the process of aircraft design, situation awareness (SA) is frequently considered to improve the design, as the CDI must provide enough SA for the pilot to maintain the flight safety. In order to study the SA in the pilot-aircraft system, a cockpit flight simulation environment is built up, which includes a virtual instrument panel, a flight visual display and the corresponding control system. Based on the simulation environment, a human-in-the-loop experiment is designed to measure the SA by the situation awareness global assessment technique (SAGAT). Through the experiment, the SA degrees and heart rate (HR) data of the subjects are obtained, and the SA levels under different CDI designs are analyzed. The results show that analyzing the SA can serve as an objective way to evaluate the design of CDI, which could be proved from the consistent HR data. With this method, evaluations of the CDI design are performed in the experimental flight simulation environment, and optimizations could be guided through the analysis.展开更多
Controlling the chemistry at the interface of nanocrystalline solids has been a challenge and an important goal to realize desired properties. Integrating two different types of materials has the potential to yield ne...Controlling the chemistry at the interface of nanocrystalline solids has been a challenge and an important goal to realize desired properties. Integrating two different types of materials has the potential to yield new functions resulting from cooperative effects between the two constituents. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are unique in that they are constructed by linking inorganic units with organic linkers where the building units can be varied nearly at will. This flexibility has made MOFs ideal materials for the design of functional entities at interfaces and hence allowing control of properties. This review highlights the strategies employed to access synergistic functionality at the interface of nanocrystalline MOFs (nMOFs) and inorganic nanocrystals (NCs).展开更多
The design with intent(DwI)toolkit assists designers in creating novel designs and interfaces.DwI,however,is not constrained to any degree,making it impossible to know whether the produced designs adequately account f...The design with intent(DwI)toolkit assists designers in creating novel designs and interfaces.DwI,however,is not constrained to any degree,making it impossible to know whether the produced designs adequately account for users’needs.In contrast,cognitive work analysis(CWA)is a human factors research tool that seeks to map a system and account for users’needs,yet does not provide clear guidelines for progressing such analysis into workable designs with which users can interact.This paper seeks to present a proof-of-concept investigation to demonstrate that DwI can be suitably constrained and validated by insights gained from CWA.CWA,in turn,benefits by having a suitable toolkit for progressing insights.Two teams of individuals without design backgrounds were able to develop mock-up in-vehicle interfaces aimed at reducing fuel use.The teams were able to use DwI toolkit to articulate the genesis of their ideas,which in turn could be directly linked to system needs identified within CWA.展开更多
This article describes the conception and implementation of a web platform which uses special charts and maps for climate monitoring and analysis.At first it gives an overview of related web applications and their adv...This article describes the conception and implementation of a web platform which uses special charts and maps for climate monitoring and analysis.At first it gives an overview of related web applications and their advantages and limitations.This is followed by a basic introduction of current technologies and methods for working with climate data,geospatial web services and visualization techniques.Finally,the implementation based on prior defined requirements is presented and its strengths and limitations are discussed.The application provides several basic charts for climate analysis,as well as a more complex one which uses a standardized visualization concept which is suitable for comparing different local climates(Walter-LiethStandard).The charts are based on different interpolated datasets with global coverage as well as data from the Global Historical Climate Network(GHCN).Overall,the application enables users to generate individual historical climate charts from the beginning of the twentieth century until present day.展开更多
文摘This research paper investigates the interface design and functional optimization of Chinese learning apps through the lens of user experience.With the increasing popularity of Chinese language learning apps in the era of rapid mobile internet development,users'demands for enhanced interface design and interaction experience have grown significantly.The study aims to explore the influence of user feedback on the design and functionality of Chinese learning apps,proposing optimization strategies to improve user experience and learning outcomes.By conducting a comprehensive literature review,utilizing methods such as surveys and user interviews for data collection,and analyzing user feedback,this research identifies existing issues in the interface design and interaction experience of Chinese learning apps.The results present user opinions,feedback analysis,identified problems,improvement directions,and specific optimization strategies.The study discusses the potential impact of these optimization strategies on enhancing user experience and learning outcomes,compares findings with previous research,addresses limitations,and suggests future research directions.In conclusion,this research contributes to enriching the design theory of Chinese learning apps,offering practical optimization recommendations for developers,and supporting the continuous advancement of Chinese language learning apps.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40071071).
文摘The fusion of VlSI (visual identity system Internet), digital maps and Web GIS is presented. Web GIS interface interactive design with VISI needs to consider more new factors. VISI can provide the design principle, elements and contents for the Web GIS. The design of the Wuhan Bus Search System is fulfilled to confirm the validity and practicability of the fusion.
文摘Interactive digital television is at early stage as regards the interface design, especially in business transactions (t-commerce). Current attempts to transpose the problem related to linearity of narrative and temporal flows and audiovisual content obstruction by the interactive layer, although pointing out design perspectives--in addition to the structural and visual web patterns--are still insufficient as regards the design of interfaces connected and converged for t-commerce applications. This article considers that these problems arise from the structural basis that support television scripts and streamings. In this sense, this article proposes the hybridization between the linear model, inherited from analogue condition, and nonlinear model, intrinsic to digital media, as a methodological strategy aiming to strength the creation of interactive audiovisual content connected and convergent for this context.
文摘This paper describes the design and evaluation of a user interface for a remotely supervised autonomous agricultural sprayer. The interface was designed to help the remote supervisor to instruct the autonomous sprayer to commence operation, monitor the status of the sprayer and its operation in the field, and intervene when needed (i.e., to stop or shut down). Design principles and guidelines were carefully selected to help develop a human-centered automation interface. Evaluation of the interface using a combination of heuristic, cognitive walkthrough, and user testing techniques revealed several strengths of the design as well as areas that needed further improvement. Overall, this paper provides guidelines that will assist other researchers to develop an ergonomic user interface for a fully autonomous agricultural machine.
文摘Using multimedia writing tools ‘Author ware' for Windows 3.0b18, and making a multimedia interface for a simple interface generated by FoxPro 2.5B, mainly to solve how to connect an interface with Author ware and FoxPro database, namely the communication problem between two separate programs under the Windows environment and to generate the multimedia interface which is consistent with the status and requests for the management information system, namely the problem that how to establish multimedia interface design.
文摘This paper mainly revisits the interface design of the English learning app which is currently used by secondary vocational students by exploring the English learning of secondary vocational students and the psychological characteristics of secondary vocational students.The author puts forward some suggestions to the interface design of English learning APP which is suitable for secondary vocational students,hoping to provide some help for English learning of secondary vocational students.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No.2022YFC2905204)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.52061028,52061039)the Interdisciplinary Innovation Fund of Nanchang University (IIFNCU),China (No.9166-27060003-ZD05).
文摘The interfacial structure plays an important role in the mechanical properties of magnesium matrix composite(MMCs)reinforced with graphene nanosheet(GNS)due to their poor wettability with the Mg matrix.An interface design strategy was proposed to form the semi-coherent interfacial structure with superior bonding strength.The lattice mismatch and interfacial bonding strength between Mg/rare earth oxide/carbon were utilized as key characteristics to evaluate the interfacial structure.Lanthanum oxide(La2O3)was selected as the intermediate candidate due to its low lattice mismatch and high interfacial bonding strength.To identify the interfacial structure of Mg/La2O3/graphene,first-principles calculations were conducted to calculate the ideal work of separation and electronic structure of the interfaces.Results demonstrated the presence of strong ionic and covalent interactions at the interface,which theoretically verified the strong interfacial bonding strength among Mg/La2O3/graphene interfaces.To experimentally validate the interface strength,MMCs with the interface structure of Mg/La2O3/GNS were developed.The formation of in-situ La2O3 led to the successful attainment of semi-coherent structures between Mg/La2O3 and La2O3/GNS,resulting in high strength and good ductility of the composite.Overall,this work proposes a new approach to interface design in MMCs with an enhancement of mechanical properties.
文摘Feedback mechanism is a specific feature of control systems, however, the similarity has been found in decision support systems. Just because of this, the DSS can provide a flexible learning and thinking environment, and help decision maker to solve semistructured and unstructured problems actively and creatively. In this paper, the role and type of the feedback in decision making are discussed from different point of view. This is also true in DSS because it supports decision making. The feedback design, especially the feedback interface design, is described through a case of practice DSS. Based on these points, the feedback mechanism is an important feature of DSS, and it is one of the differences between DSS and MIS.
基金supported by the fund of Xiamen University Malaysia.
文摘This paper explains the development of a culturally inclusive ubiquitous M-Learning platform(“Mobile Academy”)with an AI-based adaptive user interface.The rationale and need for this research and development are justified by the continuing widespread adoption of the Internet and Internet enabled devices,especially smartphones.The M-learning platform was designed from the onset for the global traveller.The characteristics and limitations of the application are also discussed.The Mobile Academy,proof of concept prototype,was created to facilitate teaching and learning on the move or in environments where the use of a desktop computer is inconvenient or simply impossible.The platform’s primary objective was cross-cultural usability through the use of a combination of AI and plasticity of user interface design techniques.The usability evaluation plan was comprehensive and the results obtained were studied in detail.This also included consideration of the results of the SVM(Support Vector Machine)classifiers’performance and cross-device evaluation.The AI-based adaptive interface prototype has been tested and evaluated to show its merits and capabilities in terms of its usability,inclusivity and effectiveness of the interface.From the results,it was concluded that such a culture independent application was also affordable.
文摘By analysis of the functions of animal hospital's departments, combining with management information development truth, the paper developed animal hospital management system. The system included six modules, like system management module basic information management module, sections management module, and so on. The paper used Visual C++6.0 and SQL Server 2000, and ODBC database accessing technology, which can encapsulate any database table and operation into class. The system could make any window to share table's operation to realize hospital management quickly and efficiency.
文摘The clothing industry is booming,and clothing prices are more affordable today.People's requirements for clothing are no longer limited to the question of enough clothing to wear.In order to solve the main problem that consumers have a lot of clothes but don't know how to match and look good,this article aims to design a matchmaker application(app)-Coordinator app.Through analyzing the current situation of existing apparel matching apps and typical case,the paper summarizes the existing clothing,the advantages and disadvantages of matching apps,and the combine with user needs survey feedback,to design the main four modules required by the Coordinator app which are elaborated and displayed separately.
文摘This thesis paper is a brief summary of user centered design, (particularly in the situation of under the battlefield), which incorporates the related information after reviewing many other papers. A display screen user requires an ability to provide proper information while considering a variety of information in a short period. While operating the display screen, the user is heavily pressed for time as the missions are allocated through many different steps of orders. In addition, since a failure would cause fatal damage or cause further defeat, this increases the pressure of time. The right environment for operating a display screen is most useful when the user is in the most vulnerable time period or long-term continuous operation of the display screen. In that kind of sterile environment, the operating display screen is there to help the user’s decisions for the matter at hand, in this it should follow the user centered design and improve the user’s handiness and use. Furthermore, the information should be provided in accordance with the user's informational and perceptional process, and the capacity of the information process should be improved with the movement through each process and step. This thesis paper can be used as a reference material when designing the display screen in order to apply a user’s experiences.
文摘During the operation of complex process, such as oil production or refming, abnormal situations may occur, leading to an alarm flooding. Alarm flooding is the signalling of a large number of alarms in a few minutes, in such a way that it is impossible for the operator to attend to all alarms. On these occasions, it is usual that the operator leaves the alarm summary list and gets an analysis of the plant through the screens of the DCS (digital control system), seeking to understand the situation. The alarm summary list ceases to be a useful tool. In such cases, the operator might have the aid of a filter that would present the highest priority alarms and other information associated with them, enabling him to gain a better knowledge of the situation. This paper describes the interface of a system aimed to help the operator to have a more comprehensive knowledge of the process (a better situational awareness) during process upsets that cause alarm flooding, recovering the utility of the alarm layer to the safety of industrial processes.
基金support from IHPC,A*STARpartially supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2014M562055)
文摘Collagen fibers provide a good example of making strong micro-or mesoscale fibers from nanoscale tropocollagen molecules through a staggered and crosslinked organization in a bottom-up manner.Mimicking the architectural features of collagen fibers has been shown to be a promising approach to develop carbon nanotube(CNT)fibers of high performance.In the present work,an elastic model is developed to describe the load transfer and failure propagation within the bioinspired CNT bundles,and to establish the relations of the mechanical properties of the bundles with a number of geometrical and physical parameters such as the CNT aspect ratio and longitudinal gap,interface cross-link density,and the functionalizationinduced degradation in CNTs,etc.With the model,the stress distributions along the CNT-CNT interface as well as in every individual CNT are well captured,and the failure propagation along the interface and its effects on the mechanical properties of the CNT bundles are predicted.The work may provide useful guidelines for the design of novel CNT fibers in practice.
基金the Key Basic and Applied Research Program of Guangdong ProvinceChina(2019B030302010)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51871157)the Science and Technology Innovation Commission of Shenzhen(JCYJ20170412111216258)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFA0703605)。
文摘Developing materials with excellent properties has been the untiring pursuit of mankind.Metallic glasses(MGs)would be the ideal metallic materials if their size could be scaled up to be comparable to traditional metals.To address this challenge,a variety of approaches have been attempted over the past decades,including thermodynamicsbased alloy,3D printing and the recent artificial intelligenceguided optimal alloy.In this study,a facile and flexible route was demonstrated to manufacture giant MGs(GMGs)with diameters more than 100 mm through the thermo-joining process.The jointed GMG samples feature almost the same performance as the as-cast ones.The ability of manufacturing complex 3D components such as the Chinese Zodiacs was also demonstrated.Our approach might overcome the longstanding problem of glass forming ability(GFA)limitations in alloy systems and pave new concept and route to fabricate size unlimited MGs.
基金supported by Jaguar Land Rover and the UK-EPSRC Grant EP/N011899/1 as part of the jointly funded Towards Autonomy:Smart and Connected Control(TASCC)Programme.
文摘Conditionally and highly automated vehicles will require drivers to take control as a result of a non-emergency,such as a geographical,terrain,capability or design boundary.It is anticipated that these events will provide the driver with a sufficient amount of time to prepare themselves for the transition of control.This study explores conditionally and highly automated vehicle transitions of control by asking how drivers of differing skill levels(learner,intermediate and advanced)approach the task of designing an interface responsible for making transitions safer,more usable and more efficient.Three focus groups generated detailed designs for vehicle-to-driver transitions in an 1-h and a 10-min“out-of-the-loop”scenarios and transitions from driver to vehicle.Results show great variation in the approaches taken by each skill group(e.g.,the reliance on visual interfaces for awareness assist and viewpoints on issues such as multimodal displays).Customization was a common theme throughout,with drivers desiring the option to adjust alert timings and modalities in which information is displayed.This paper presents these designs along with a detailed comparison of group designs and implements distributed situation awareness theory to discuss findings and draw conclusions.
基金supported by National Basic Research Program of China(No.2010CB734104)
文摘Aircraft cockpit display interface (CDI) is one of the most important human-machine interfaces for information perceiving. During the process of aircraft design, situation awareness (SA) is frequently considered to improve the design, as the CDI must provide enough SA for the pilot to maintain the flight safety. In order to study the SA in the pilot-aircraft system, a cockpit flight simulation environment is built up, which includes a virtual instrument panel, a flight visual display and the corresponding control system. Based on the simulation environment, a human-in-the-loop experiment is designed to measure the SA by the situation awareness global assessment technique (SAGAT). Through the experiment, the SA degrees and heart rate (HR) data of the subjects are obtained, and the SA levels under different CDI designs are analyzed. The results show that analyzing the SA can serve as an objective way to evaluate the design of CDI, which could be proved from the consistent HR data. With this method, evaluations of the CDI design are performed in the experimental flight simulation environment, and optimizations could be guided through the analysis.
文摘Controlling the chemistry at the interface of nanocrystalline solids has been a challenge and an important goal to realize desired properties. Integrating two different types of materials has the potential to yield new functions resulting from cooperative effects between the two constituents. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are unique in that they are constructed by linking inorganic units with organic linkers where the building units can be varied nearly at will. This flexibility has made MOFs ideal materials for the design of functional entities at interfaces and hence allowing control of properties. This review highlights the strategies employed to access synergistic functionality at the interface of nanocrystalline MOFs (nMOFs) and inorganic nanocrystals (NCs).
基金funded by the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council(EPSRC)Grant EP/N022262/1“Green Adaptive Control for Future Interconnected Vehicles”(www.gactiv e.uk).
文摘The design with intent(DwI)toolkit assists designers in creating novel designs and interfaces.DwI,however,is not constrained to any degree,making it impossible to know whether the produced designs adequately account for users’needs.In contrast,cognitive work analysis(CWA)is a human factors research tool that seeks to map a system and account for users’needs,yet does not provide clear guidelines for progressing such analysis into workable designs with which users can interact.This paper seeks to present a proof-of-concept investigation to demonstrate that DwI can be suitably constrained and validated by insights gained from CWA.CWA,in turn,benefits by having a suitable toolkit for progressing insights.Two teams of individuals without design backgrounds were able to develop mock-up in-vehicle interfaces aimed at reducing fuel use.The teams were able to use DwI toolkit to articulate the genesis of their ideas,which in turn could be directly linked to system needs identified within CWA.
文摘This article describes the conception and implementation of a web platform which uses special charts and maps for climate monitoring and analysis.At first it gives an overview of related web applications and their advantages and limitations.This is followed by a basic introduction of current technologies and methods for working with climate data,geospatial web services and visualization techniques.Finally,the implementation based on prior defined requirements is presented and its strengths and limitations are discussed.The application provides several basic charts for climate analysis,as well as a more complex one which uses a standardized visualization concept which is suitable for comparing different local climates(Walter-LiethStandard).The charts are based on different interpolated datasets with global coverage as well as data from the Global Historical Climate Network(GHCN).Overall,the application enables users to generate individual historical climate charts from the beginning of the twentieth century until present day.