Experimental and numerical investigation of inclined air/SF_6 interface instability under shock wave

The shock tube experiments of inclined air/SF6 interface instability under the shock wave with the Mach numbers 1.23 and 1.41 are conducted. The numerical simulation is done with the parallel algorithm and the multi-viscous-fluid and turbulence （MVFT） code of the large-eddy simulation （LES）. The developing process of the interface accelerated by the shock wave is reproduced by the simulations. The complex wave structures, e.g., the propagation, refraction, and reflection of the shock wave, are clearly revealed in the flows. The simulated evolving images of the interface are consistent with the experimental ones. The simulated width of the turbulent mixing zone （TMZ） and the displacements of the bubble and the spike also agree well with the experimental data. Also, the reliability and effectiveness of the MVFT in simulating the problem of interface instability are validated. The more energies are injected into the TMZ when the shock wave has a larger Mach number. Therefore, the perturbed interface develops faster.

The effect of interfacial energy anisotropy on planar interface instability in a succinonitrile alloy under a small temperature gradient

The morphological stability of a planar interface with different crystallographic orientations is studied under a small positive temperature gradient using a transparent model alloy of succinonitrile. Novel experimental apparatus is constructed to provide a temperature gradient of about 0.37 K/mm. Under this small temperature gradient, the planar interface instability depends largely on the crystallographic orientation. It is shown experimentally that the effect of interfacial energy anisotropy on planar interface stability cannot be neglected even in a small temperature gradient system. Higher interfacial energy anisotropy leads the planar interface to become more unstable, which is different from the stabilizing effect of the interfacial energy on the planar interface. The experimental results are in agreement with previous theoretical calculations and phase field simulations.

Instability of the interface in two-layer flows with large viscosity contrast at small Reynolds numbers

The Kelvin-Helmholtz instability is believed to be the dominant instability mechanism for free shear flows at large Reynolds numbers. At small Reynolds numbers, a new instability mode is identified when the temporal instability of parallel viscous two fluid mixing layers is extended to current-fluid mud systems by considering a composite error function velocity profile. The new mode is caused by the large viscosity difference between the two fluids. This interfacial mode exists when the fluid mud boundary layer is sufficiently thin. Its performance is different from that of the Kelvin-Helmholtz mode. This mode has not yet been reported for interface instability problems with large viscosity contrasts. These results are essential for further stability analysis of flows relevant to the breaking up of this type of interface.

The Richtmyer–Meshkov instability of a 'V' shaped air/helium interface subjected to a weak shock

The Richtmyer-Meshkov instability ofa ‘V＇ shaped air/helium gaseous interface subjected to a weak shock wave is experimentally studied. A soap film technique is adopted to create a ‘V＇ shaped interface with accurate initial conditions. Five kinds of ‘V＇ shaped interfaces with different vertex angles are formed to highlight the effects of initial conditions on the flow characteristics. The results show that a spike is generated after the shock impact, and grows constantly with time. As the vertex angle increases, vortices generated on the interface become less noticeable, and the spike develops less pronouncedly. The linear growth rate of interface width after compression phase is estimated by a linear model and a revised linear model, and the latter is proven to be more effective for the interface with high initial amplitudes. The linear growth rate of interface width is, for the first time in a heavy/light interface configuration, found to be a non-monotonous function of the initial perturbation amplitude-wavelength ratio.

MECHANISM OF WAVE FORMATION AT THE INTERFACE IN EXPLOSIVE WELDING

Some of the main progress on the investigation of the mechanism of the wave formation in explosive welding at the Institute of Mechanics is summarized and otters'previous works are re- viewed.Our systematic experiments and analysis do not substantiate the theory of wave formation based on Karman vortex-street analogy or Helmholtz instability.On the contrary,they show that materi- al strength insensitive to strain rate plays an important role.A simple hydro-plastic model is presented to explain the main features regarding the interracial wave formation and to estimate the magnitude of wave length.The result is in broad agreement with experiment.

Formation, Evolution and Final Structure of Interface in 2024Al Joints Fabricated by Explosive Welding

The wavy interface for similar or the same metal explosive welding（EXW） and the universal mechanism of wavy interface formation in EXW were studied in this work. Based on a new established model, it was deduced that the evolution frequencies of the instability were constrained in a limited range. Then experiments of identical metal EXW were performed and welding interfaces were characterized for examining the final morphology. By calculating the fractal dimensions and multifractal spectra of welding interface, the fractal characteristics of interface were revealed and a quantitative description was achieved for EXW interface structure. Thus, the formation, evolution and final morphology of wavy interface were systemically researched.

Distinct dendritic α phase emerging on the surface of primary α phase in a compressed near-α titanium alloy

The characteristic of the surface morphology of primary α phase was studied in a deformed near-α tita- nium alloy. Dendritic α phase emerged on the surfaces of primary α phase when the alloy was air-cooled in α ＋β phase field after deformation. The dendritic α grain has the same orientation with its original primary α grain. The formation of the dendritic α phase could be explained by interface instability in epi- taxial growth process of the primary α phase. The dislocations induced by deformation could facilitate the formation of dendritic α phase leading to the dendritic α phase and more obvious with the increase of strain. The growth of dendritic α phase was finally limited by the nucleation of second α phase with cooling.