ATOMISTIC/CONTINUUM SIMULATION OF INTERFACIAL FRACTURE PART Ⅱ:ATOMISTIC/DISLOCATION/CONTINUUM SIMULATION

Coupled atomistic/dislocation/continuum simulation of interfacial fracture is performed in this paper.The model consists of a nanoscopic core made by atomistic assembly and a surrounding elastic continuum with discrete dislocations. Atomistic dislocations nucleate from the crack tip and move to the continuum layer where they glide according to the dislocation dynamics curve.An atoms/continuum overlapping belt is devised to facilitate the transition between the two scales.The continuum constraint on the atomic assembly is imposed through the mechanics at- mosphere along the overlapping belt.Transmissions of mechanics parameters such as displacements,stresses,masses and momenta across the belt are realized.The present model allows us to explore interfacial fracture processes under different mode mixity.The effect of atomistic zigzag interface on the fracture process is revealed:it hinders dislocation emission from the crack tip,especially under high mode mixity.

ATOMISTIC/CONTINUUM SIMULATION OF INTERFACIAL FRACTURE——PART Ⅰ: ATOMISTIC SIMULATION

The phenomenon of interfacial fracture, as manifested by atom- istic cleavage, debonding and dislocation emission, provides a challenge for combined atomistic-continuum analysis. As a precursor for fully coupled atomistic-continuum simulation of interfacial fracture, we focus here on the atomistic behavior within a nanoscopic core surrounding the crack tip. The inter-atomic potential under Em- bedded Atom Method is recapitulated to form an essential framework of atomistic simulation. The calculations are performed for a side-cracked disc configuration un- der a remote K field loading. It is revealed that a critical loading rate defines the brittle-to-ductile transition of homogeneous materials. We further observe that the near tip mode mixity dictates the nanoscopic profile near an interfacial crack tip. A zigzag interface structure is simulated which plays a significant role in the dislocation emission from an interfacial crack tip, as will be explored in the second part of this investigation.

Experiment on Mode Ⅰ/Ⅱ Mixed Interfacial Fracture Characterization of Foam Core Sandwich Materials at Elevated Temperatures

Foam-cored sandwich materials have been widely used in the civil engineering due to their advantages such as lightweight,high strength,and excellent anti-corrosion ability. However,the interfacial bonding strength of foamcored sandwich materials is weakened at elevated temperatures. In practice,the effect of high temperature cannot be ignored,because the composites and foams are sensitive to the change of temperature in the environment. In this study,a series of single-leg bending beams were tested at different temperatures to evaluate the influences of high temperatures on Mode Ⅰ/Ⅱ mixed interfacial fracture of foam core sandwich materials. The temperature was from29 ℃ to 90 ℃,covered the glass transition temperature of composites and foam core,respectively. The Mode Ⅰ/Ⅱ mixed interfacial crack prorogation and its corresponding interfacial strain energy release rate were summarized.

Study of Debond Fracture Toughness of Sandwich Composites with Metal Foam Core

Two types of experiments were designed and performed to evaluate the adhesive bond in metal foam composite sandwich structures. The tensile bond strength of face/core was determined through the flatwise tensile test （FWT）. The test results show that the interfacial peel strength is lower than the interlaminar peel strength in FWT test. The mode I interracial fracture toughness （GIC） of sandwich structures containing a pre-crack on the upper face/core interface is determined by modified cracked sandwich beam （MCSB） experiment. It is found that the crack propagates unsynchronously on the two side of the specimen and the propagation of interfacial debonding always stays on the face/core interface during the MCSB tests. In order to simulate the failure of metal foam composite sandwich structures, a computational model based on the Tsai-Hill failure criterion and cohesive zone model is used. By comparing with experiment results, it can be concluded that the computational model can validly simulate the interracial failure of metal foam composite sandwich structures with reasonable accuracy.

Peeling behavior and spalling resistance of CFRP sheets bonded to bent concrete surfaces

In this paper, the peeling behavior and the spalling resistance effect of carbon fiber reinforced polymer （CFRP） sheets externally bonded to bent concrete surfaces are firstly investigated experimentally. Twenty one curved specimens and seven plane specimens are studied in the paper, in which curved specimens with bonded CFRP sheets can simulate the concrete spalling in tunnel, culvert, arch bridge etc., whereas plane specimens with bonded CFRP sheets can simulate the concrete spalling in beam bridge, slab bridge and pedestrian bridge. Three kinds of curved specimens with different radii of curvature are chosen by referring to practical tunnel structures, and plane specimens are used for comparison with curved ones. A peeling load is applied on the FRP sheet by loading a circular steel tube placed into the central notch of beam to debond CFRP sheets from the bent concrete surface, meanwhile full-range load-deflection curves are recorded by a MTS 831.10 Elastomer Test System. Based on the experimental results, a theoretical analysis is also conducted for the specimens. Both theoretical and experimental results show that only two material parameters, the interfacial fracture energy of CFRP-concrete interface and the tensile stiffness of CFRP sheets, are needed for describing the interfacial spalling behavior. It is found that the radius of curvature has remarkable influence on peeling load-deflection curves. The test methods and test results given in the paper are helpful and available for reference to the designer of tunnel strengthening.

MECHANICAL BEHAVIOUR OF GRAPHITE AND ITS ADJACENT ZONE TO MATRIX INTERFACE IN CAST IRON

The micro-processes on tensile deformation and fracture of graphite-matrix interface in cast iron with ferrite matrix under SEM have been observed in situ.It was revealed that the graphite in cast iron would not be regarded as a cavity and not formed yet notch stress concentration.A new explanation on the effect of graphite on strength of cast iron was suggested.

Solute-solute interactions and their impacts on solute co-segregation and interfacial cohesion of{1012}twin boundary in zinc

Interactions of solute atoms in biodegradable zinc alloys and their effect on alloy mechanical properties have been less investigated.In this work,the interactions between the common solutes(Li,Mg,Mn,Cu,and Ag)used in the biodegradable Zn alloys,including a solute-solute pair with the same element or with two different elements,are investigated based on first-principles calculations.It is found that the energetically favorable configuration is the third nearest-neighboring for most solute-solute pairs in the bulk lattice because of the relatively strong electronic interaction between solute and Zn atoms or the relatively small local elastic deformation associated with the configuration.Considering that interfacial cleavage is a key fracture mode of zinc,the segregation ability of these solutes and their effect on the{1012}twin boundary cohesion are also examined.The result shows that Li tends to fully occupy its preferred site in the twin boundary,while Mg,Mn,Cu,or Ag has a concentration limitation in the twin boundary.The twin boundary cohesion can be significantly enhanced by the segregation of Mn,followed by Cu and Ag,because of the contribution of their d states close to the Fermi level.Furthermore,the co-segregation ability of two solute atoms in the twin boundary increases with increasing the binding tendency of these two solute atoms in the boundary.Mn and Li or Mg show a relatively strong co-segregation ability in the twin boundary.Adding Mn to Zn-Li or Zn-Mg alloys can significantly enhance the resistance to fracture of twin boundaries.

Evaluation of interfacial strength by an instrumented indentation method and its application to an actual TBC vane

The thermal fatigue behaviour of an air plasma sprayed thermal barrier coating was investigated. And also the interfacial strengths of thermal barrier coated specimens subjected to thermal fatigue, as well as a retired TBC vane were also evaluated by means of an instrumented indentation machine. The results indicated that, （1） the TGO grew at the interface during thermal fatigue cycle as a function of the exposure time at elevated temperature; （2） the microcracks were initiated in the top coating and at the interface after thermal cycle tests; （3） the interfacial strength of TBC, which was evaluated by the indentation method, increased with the thermal cycles; （4） the interfacial strength of the retired TBC vane was almost equal with that of the as-sprayed TBC specimen.