Combined Transmission Interference Spectrum of No Core Fiber and BP Neural Network for Concentration Sensing Research

To investigate wavelength response of the no core fiber（NCF）interference spectrum to concentration,a three-layer back propagation（BP）neural network model was established to optimize the concentration sensing data.In this method,the measured wavelength and the corresponding concentration were trained by a BP neural network,so that the accuracy of the measurement system was optimized.The wavelength was used as the training set and got into the input layer of the three layer BP network model which is used as the input value of the network,and the corresponding actual concentration value was used as the output value of the network,and the optimal network structure was trained.This paper discovers a preferable correlation between the predicted value and the actual value,where the former is approximately equal to the latter.The correlation coefficients of the measured and predicted values for a sucrose concentration were 1.000 89 and 1.003 94;similarly,correlations of0.999 51 and 1.018 8 for a glucose concentration were observed.The results demonstrate that the BP neural network can improve the prediction accuracy of the nonlinear relationship between the interference spectral data and the concentration in NCF sensing systems.

Wavelet packet decomposition entropy threshold method for discrete spectrum interferences rejection of on-line partial discharge monitoring

The frequency domain division theory of dyadic wavelet decomposition and wavelet packet decomposition (WPD) with orthogonal wavelet base frame are presented. The WPD coefficients of signals are treated as the outputs of equivalent bandwidth filters with different center frequency. The corresponding WPD entropy values of coefficients increase sharply when the discrete spectrum interferences (DSIs), frequency spectrum of which is centered at several frequency points existing in some frequency region. Based on WPD, an entropy threshold method (ETM) is put forward, in which entropy is used to determine whether partial discharge (PD) signals are interfered by DSIs. Simulation and real data processing demonstrate that ETM works with good efficiency, without pre-knowing DSI information. ETM extracts the phase of PD pulses accurately and can calibrate the quantity of single type discharge.

Optimal fusion rule for cooperative spectrum sensing in cognitive radio networks

In this paper, we analyze performance of cooperative spectrum sensing under counting rules when exponential model is utilized to characterize the burst nature of primary user （PU） link. Our objective is to minimize the average error probability （AEP） so that the link utilization in the considered link achieves its maximum. We derive a closed-form expression of AEP as well as the probability of interference （PoI） by classifying cognitive transmission into six events. Then, we consider the minimization of AEP over counting rules under the constraint of interference. As the solution, we develop an efficient algorithm to evaluate the optimal fusion rule. Finally, we verify our analysis in numerical results.

Guardband Analysis for Distributed OFDMA with User Heterogeneity

This paper presents an in-depth analysis of the interference strength and required guardband width between coexistent users for distributed orthogonal frequency division multiple access （OFDMA）. In dynamic spectrum access networks, the cross-band interference between spectrally adjacent users is considered harmful with frequency guardbands inserted between spectrum blocks to eliminate the interference. However, the strength of the cross-band interference depends heavily on the user heterogeneity in different OFDM configurations. The cross-band interference due to the three user heterogeneity artifacts of power heterogeneity, sampling rate heterogeneity, and symbol length heterogeneity is investigated to determine the required guardband width. Analytical and simulation results show that the greater user heterogeneity requires larger guardbands with the sampling rate heterogeneity having the greatest effect. These results can be used to assist the design of spectrum allocation strategies.