The Bali Roadmap, as the breakthrough on intergovernmental negotiation of climate change mitigation, having brought United States on track, is still a result of compromises. The major compromises of the Bali Roadmap a...The Bali Roadmap, as the breakthrough on intergovernmental negotiation of climate change mitigation, having brought United States on track, is still a result of compromises. The major compromises of the Bali Roadmap are centered around three issues of quantifying emission reduction targets, developing countries’ obligations as well as quantifying devel- oped countries’ financial assistance in developing countries' capacity building on climate change. It is found that the rationalities behind these compromises are the national interests. Due to the fact, achieving cohesion among all nations in climate change actions is very difficult. Therefore, the Bali Roadmap may lead to a tough way with distant hope. However, technology innovation and well-designed economic instruments would be helpful and supportive for further international negotiation and cooperation.展开更多
Ahead of the forthcoming global intergovernmental climate meeting in Paris,scientists met in Paris in July at a large scientific conference calling for an ambitious agreement aimed at holding global warming to 2℃.Wit...Ahead of the forthcoming global intergovernmental climate meeting in Paris,scientists met in Paris in July at a large scientific conference calling for an ambitious agreement aimed at holding global warming to 2℃.With agriculture,forestry,and other land use contributing 24%of total greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions(2000-2009),there is potential for significant ecosystem-based mitigation benefits.Similarly,maintaining healthy ecosystems represents,in many situations,the most efficient way of adaptation.This paper highlights some scientific aspects,as presented at the conference,related to ecosystem-based adaptation and mitigation.It calls for enhanced cooperation between scientists,policy makers,and other stakeholders.展开更多
International Environmental Agreements （IEAs） are a form of cooperation ratified by countries which can improve the management of shared environmental resources. The authors analyze the stability of International Ea...International Environmental Agreements （IEAs） are a form of cooperation ratified by countries which can improve the management of shared environmental resources. The authors analyze the stability of International Eavironmental Agreements in leadership model. In 2006, Diamantoudi ＆ Sartzetakis found that a stable coalition consists of either 2, 3, or 4 members if the number of countries is greater than 4. Their model is reconsidered. It is shown that the size of stable IEAs decreases from 3 to 2 when the total number of countries involved increases. However, a situation that can guarantee 4 to be the size of stable IEAs could not be found.展开更多
文摘The Bali Roadmap, as the breakthrough on intergovernmental negotiation of climate change mitigation, having brought United States on track, is still a result of compromises. The major compromises of the Bali Roadmap are centered around three issues of quantifying emission reduction targets, developing countries’ obligations as well as quantifying devel- oped countries’ financial assistance in developing countries' capacity building on climate change. It is found that the rationalities behind these compromises are the national interests. Due to the fact, achieving cohesion among all nations in climate change actions is very difficult. Therefore, the Bali Roadmap may lead to a tough way with distant hope. However, technology innovation and well-designed economic instruments would be helpful and supportive for further international negotiation and cooperation.
文摘Ahead of the forthcoming global intergovernmental climate meeting in Paris,scientists met in Paris in July at a large scientific conference calling for an ambitious agreement aimed at holding global warming to 2℃.With agriculture,forestry,and other land use contributing 24%of total greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions(2000-2009),there is potential for significant ecosystem-based mitigation benefits.Similarly,maintaining healthy ecosystems represents,in many situations,the most efficient way of adaptation.This paper highlights some scientific aspects,as presented at the conference,related to ecosystem-based adaptation and mitigation.It calls for enhanced cooperation between scientists,policy makers,and other stakeholders.
基金The research is supported by Centre interuniversitaire de RECHERCHE en economie quantitative (CIREQ).
文摘International Environmental Agreements （IEAs） are a form of cooperation ratified by countries which can improve the management of shared environmental resources. The authors analyze the stability of International Eavironmental Agreements in leadership model. In 2006, Diamantoudi ＆ Sartzetakis found that a stable coalition consists of either 2, 3, or 4 members if the number of countries is greater than 4. Their model is reconsidered. It is shown that the size of stable IEAs decreases from 3 to 2 when the total number of countries involved increases. However, a situation that can guarantee 4 to be the size of stable IEAs could not be found.
