Quantum computing is a field with increasing relevance as quantum hardware improves and more applications of quantum computing are discovered. In this paper, we demonstrate the feasibility of modeling Ising Model Hami...Quantum computing is a field with increasing relevance as quantum hardware improves and more applications of quantum computing are discovered. In this paper, we demonstrate the feasibility of modeling Ising Model Hamiltonians on the IBM quantum computer. We developed quantum circuits to simulate these systems more efficiently for both closed and open boundary Ising models, with and without perturbations. We tested these various geometries of systems in both 1-D and 2-D space to mimic two real systems: magnetic materials and biological neural networks (BNNs). Our quantum model is more efficient than classical computers, which can struggle to simulate large, complex systems of particles.展开更多
The fixation stability achieved with the use of plates and screws in oral and maxillofacial surgery is a decisive factor in treatment success. The mechanical and structural properties of the internal fixation material...The fixation stability achieved with the use of plates and screws in oral and maxillofacial surgery is a decisive factor in treatment success. The mechanical and structural properties of the internal fixation materials have direct influence on the dimensional stability and resistance of a fixation system, thus influencing treatment outcomes. This study proposed to analyze the dimensional and resistance patterns of titanium plates used for obtaining stable fix<span style="font-family:Verdana;">ation in orthognathic surgery and craniofacial trauma. For this study, 30 conventional 2.0</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">mm straight four hole plates with bridge from three brands commercialized in Brazil, were subjected to macroscopic, microscopic, strength and hardness analysis. The dimensional measurements were performed using a digital caliper. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis was performed by scanning electron microscopy to analyze the chemical composition of the samples. The mechanical resistance tests were performed with a universal testing machine. The samples were then submitted to Vickers hardness analysis, complying with the standards of ASTM E92. The data collected from the dimensional study was submitted to statistical analysis of the coefficient of variation, while the values obtained during the mechanical tests were analyzed by variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s test (p <</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">0.05). The sample groups presented different performances in resistance, hardness, size and surface, even though they were reported to be chemically similar compounds that allowed us to conclude the plates from Group 2 were more resistant than groups 1 and 3.</span>展开更多
背景:治疗后交叉韧带胫骨附着点撕脱骨折的最佳手术技术仍值得商榷。随着关节镜手术的应用与成熟,它在后交叉韧带胫骨附着点撕脱骨折的诊疗中有很大前景。目的:综述关节镜技术在后交叉韧带胫骨附着点撕脱骨折治疗中的应用与进展,包括不...背景:治疗后交叉韧带胫骨附着点撕脱骨折的最佳手术技术仍值得商榷。随着关节镜手术的应用与成熟,它在后交叉韧带胫骨附着点撕脱骨折的诊疗中有很大前景。目的:综述关节镜技术在后交叉韧带胫骨附着点撕脱骨折治疗中的应用与进展,包括不同关节镜治疗方法、手术入路、胫骨隧道设计、缝合材料选择以及内固定植入物选择等。方法:通过计算机对中国知网、PubMed、Web of Science及ScienceDirect等数据库中的相关文献进行检索,检索时间为2003年1月至2023年11月,中文检索词为“后交叉韧带,后十字韧带,撕脱骨折,关节镜”;英文检索词为“posterior cruciate ligament,avulsion,fracture,tibia,arthroscopic,operation,fixation,treatment”。共纳入97篇文献进行综述。结果与结论:关节镜技术提供了一种可靠的治疗方式来治疗后交叉韧带胫骨附着点撕脱骨折。根据入路、缝合材料类型以及用于缝合的入路和胫骨隧道数量等不同,关节镜技术可以分为关节镜下缝线固定结合自体移植物增强重建、关节镜下多交叉带缝合桥固定、关节镜下高强度缝线固定以及关节镜下直接前后缝合悬吊固定等几类。在各种研究中,常用的临床结果评估指标包括关节活动度、Lysholm评分、国际膝关节文献委员会评分及KT-2000关节测量仪差等,研究显示关节镜手术后末次随访时上述指标检测结果较术前显著改善,影像学随访结果显示关节镜手术都取得了令人满意的结果。在随访过程中,接受关节镜技术治疗后的各类交叉韧带胫骨附着点撕脱骨折患者都未出现严重并发症,例如创伤性关节炎、神经血管损伤、围手术期伤口感染、血栓形成以及骨折不愈合等。展开更多
目的建立一种新的评价脊柱不同内固定对稳定性影响的骨折模型。方法取12具新鲜小牛胸腰段（L1~L5）椎体标本,采用楔形截骨法及逐级撞击技术制作L3椎体骨折模型,应用步态分析仪数字动作捕捉及分析系统分别测试正常状态标本与骨折状态标...目的建立一种新的评价脊柱不同内固定对稳定性影响的骨折模型。方法取12具新鲜小牛胸腰段（L1~L5）椎体标本,采用楔形截骨法及逐级撞击技术制作L3椎体骨折模型,应用步态分析仪数字动作捕捉及分析系统分别测试正常状态标本与骨折状态标本固定节段L2~L4的三维运动范围（range of movement,ROM）并计算各运动方向的刚度值。结果实验组12具标本均形成胸腰椎A型骨折模型,平均撞击能量为61.7J。测试过程中观察到骨折模型标本骨折类型较恒定,骨折模型标本的ROM和椎间刚度值：前屈为（9.50±0.81）°和（0.42±0.04）Nm/°,后伸为（8.84±0.88）°和（0.46±0.05）Nm/°,左侧弯为（15.18±1.28）°和（0.27±0.02）Nm/°,右侧弯为（15.22±0.94）°和（0.26±0.02）Nm/°,左旋转为（9.25±0.82）°和（0.44±0.04）Nm/°,右旋转为（9.21±0.73）°和（0.44±0.04）Nm/°,与正常标本相比均显著性增大（P〈0.01）,椎间刚度值显著减小（P〈0.01）。模型标本左旋转与右旋转,左侧弯与右侧弯指标差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论通过步态分析仪数字动作捕捉及分析系统的测试,采用楔形截骨法及逐级撞击技术相结合制作的牛脊椎A型骨折模型较为理想。展开更多
文摘Quantum computing is a field with increasing relevance as quantum hardware improves and more applications of quantum computing are discovered. In this paper, we demonstrate the feasibility of modeling Ising Model Hamiltonians on the IBM quantum computer. We developed quantum circuits to simulate these systems more efficiently for both closed and open boundary Ising models, with and without perturbations. We tested these various geometries of systems in both 1-D and 2-D space to mimic two real systems: magnetic materials and biological neural networks (BNNs). Our quantum model is more efficient than classical computers, which can struggle to simulate large, complex systems of particles.
文摘The fixation stability achieved with the use of plates and screws in oral and maxillofacial surgery is a decisive factor in treatment success. The mechanical and structural properties of the internal fixation materials have direct influence on the dimensional stability and resistance of a fixation system, thus influencing treatment outcomes. This study proposed to analyze the dimensional and resistance patterns of titanium plates used for obtaining stable fix<span style="font-family:Verdana;">ation in orthognathic surgery and craniofacial trauma. For this study, 30 conventional 2.0</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">mm straight four hole plates with bridge from three brands commercialized in Brazil, were subjected to macroscopic, microscopic, strength and hardness analysis. The dimensional measurements were performed using a digital caliper. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis was performed by scanning electron microscopy to analyze the chemical composition of the samples. The mechanical resistance tests were performed with a universal testing machine. The samples were then submitted to Vickers hardness analysis, complying with the standards of ASTM E92. The data collected from the dimensional study was submitted to statistical analysis of the coefficient of variation, while the values obtained during the mechanical tests were analyzed by variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s test (p <</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">0.05). The sample groups presented different performances in resistance, hardness, size and surface, even though they were reported to be chemically similar compounds that allowed us to conclude the plates from Group 2 were more resistant than groups 1 and 3.</span>
文摘背景:治疗后交叉韧带胫骨附着点撕脱骨折的最佳手术技术仍值得商榷。随着关节镜手术的应用与成熟,它在后交叉韧带胫骨附着点撕脱骨折的诊疗中有很大前景。目的:综述关节镜技术在后交叉韧带胫骨附着点撕脱骨折治疗中的应用与进展,包括不同关节镜治疗方法、手术入路、胫骨隧道设计、缝合材料选择以及内固定植入物选择等。方法:通过计算机对中国知网、PubMed、Web of Science及ScienceDirect等数据库中的相关文献进行检索,检索时间为2003年1月至2023年11月,中文检索词为“后交叉韧带,后十字韧带,撕脱骨折,关节镜”;英文检索词为“posterior cruciate ligament,avulsion,fracture,tibia,arthroscopic,operation,fixation,treatment”。共纳入97篇文献进行综述。结果与结论:关节镜技术提供了一种可靠的治疗方式来治疗后交叉韧带胫骨附着点撕脱骨折。根据入路、缝合材料类型以及用于缝合的入路和胫骨隧道数量等不同,关节镜技术可以分为关节镜下缝线固定结合自体移植物增强重建、关节镜下多交叉带缝合桥固定、关节镜下高强度缝线固定以及关节镜下直接前后缝合悬吊固定等几类。在各种研究中,常用的临床结果评估指标包括关节活动度、Lysholm评分、国际膝关节文献委员会评分及KT-2000关节测量仪差等,研究显示关节镜手术后末次随访时上述指标检测结果较术前显著改善,影像学随访结果显示关节镜手术都取得了令人满意的结果。在随访过程中,接受关节镜技术治疗后的各类交叉韧带胫骨附着点撕脱骨折患者都未出现严重并发症,例如创伤性关节炎、神经血管损伤、围手术期伤口感染、血栓形成以及骨折不愈合等。
文摘目的建立一种新的评价脊柱不同内固定对稳定性影响的骨折模型。方法取12具新鲜小牛胸腰段（L1~L5）椎体标本,采用楔形截骨法及逐级撞击技术制作L3椎体骨折模型,应用步态分析仪数字动作捕捉及分析系统分别测试正常状态标本与骨折状态标本固定节段L2~L4的三维运动范围（range of movement,ROM）并计算各运动方向的刚度值。结果实验组12具标本均形成胸腰椎A型骨折模型,平均撞击能量为61.7J。测试过程中观察到骨折模型标本骨折类型较恒定,骨折模型标本的ROM和椎间刚度值：前屈为（9.50±0.81）°和（0.42±0.04）Nm/°,后伸为（8.84±0.88）°和（0.46±0.05）Nm/°,左侧弯为（15.18±1.28）°和（0.27±0.02）Nm/°,右侧弯为（15.22±0.94）°和（0.26±0.02）Nm/°,左旋转为（9.25±0.82）°和（0.44±0.04）Nm/°,右旋转为（9.21±0.73）°和（0.44±0.04）Nm/°,与正常标本相比均显著性增大（P〈0.01）,椎间刚度值显著减小（P〈0.01）。模型标本左旋转与右旋转,左侧弯与右侧弯指标差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论通过步态分析仪数字动作捕捉及分析系统的测试,采用楔形截骨法及逐级撞击技术相结合制作的牛脊椎A型骨折模型较为理想。
