Reform and Practice on International Software Talent Training Mode

In view of the increasingly rapid development of global economic integration and combined with the existing modes of training international software engineering talents in China,this paper deeply analyzes and obtains the existing problems in the current teaching process,and proposes various teaching reform measures under the guidance of CDIO higher engineering education thought.Through many years of teaching practice experience,we can find that our reform has achieved remarkable results.

Observation of Doppler shift f_(D) modulated by the internal kink mode using conventional reflectometry in the EAST tokamak

In this paper we present a new experimental observation using a conventional reflectometry technique,poloidal correlation reflectometry(PCR),in the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak(EAST).The turbulence spectrum detected by the PCR system exhibits an asymmetry and induced Doppler shift f_(D)during the internal kink mode(IKM)rotation phase.This Doppler shift f_(D)is the target measurement of Doppler reflectometry,but captured by conventional reflectometry.Results show that the Doppler shift f_(D)is modulated by the periodic changes in the effective angle between the probing wave and cutoff layer normal,but not by plasma turbulence.The fishbone mode and saturated long-lived mode are typical IKMs,and this modulation phenomenon is observed in both cases.Moreover,the value of the Doppler shift f_(D)is positively correlated with the amplitude of the IKM,even when the latter is small.However,the positive and negative frequency components of the Doppler shift f_(D)can be asymmetric,which is related to the plasma configuration.A simulated analysis is performed by ray tracing to verify these observations.These results establish a clear link between f_(D)and IKM rotation,and are helpful for studying the characteristics of IKM and related physical phenomena.

Hong Kong Mode Lingerie 2009 Allures International Buyers and Exhibitors

Organized by Eurovet, the world’s leading lingerie and beachwear trade show organizer and supported by the Hong Kong Intimate Apparel Industries Association (HKIAIA), the third Hong Kong Mode Lingerie

Eurovet Bridges International Buyers and Exhibitors at Hong Kong Mode Lingerie

Organized by Eurovet, the world’s leading lingerie and beachwear trade show organize and supported by Hong

Internal mode of incoherent photovoltaic vector solitons

The internal modes of incoherent vector solitons （IVSs） in photovoltaic photorefractive materials are investigated in the framework of coupled nonlinear Schrodinger equations. It is found that there is a pair of internal modes corresponding to a bright-bright IVS. The propagation dynamics of the bright-bright IVS perturbed by the internal modes is simulated by numerical method.

Transition from fishbone mode toβ-induced Alfvén eigenmode on HL-2A tokamak

In the presence of energetic particles(EPs)from auxiliary heating and burning plasmas,fishbone instability and Alfvén modes can be excited and their transition can take place in certain overlapping regimes.Using the hybrid kinetic-magnetohydrodynamic model in the NIMROD code,we have identified such a transition between the fishbone instability and theβ-induced Alfvén eigenmode(BAE)for the NBI heated plasmas on HL-2 A.When the safety factor at magnetic axis is well below one,typical kink-fishbone transition occurs as the EP fraction increases.When q0 is raised to approaching one,the fishbone mode is replaced with BAE for sufficient amount of EPs.When q0 is slightly above one,the toroidicity-induced Alfvén eigenmode dominates at lower EP pressure,whereas BAE dominates at higher EP pressure.

Energetic-ion excited internal kink modes with weak magnetic shear in q0> 1 tokamak plasmas

The energetic particle driven internal kink mode is investigated in this paper for q0〉 1 tokamak plasma with weak magnetic shear. With the effect of energetic particles, the m/n = 1/1 internal mode structure in tokamak plasma does not appear as a rigid step-function when safety factor passes through q = 1 rational surface. It is found that even when the rational surface is removed, the mode may be still unstable under the low magnetic shear condition if the energetic particle drive is strong enough; with the low shear region of safety factor profile widening, the mode becomes more unstable with its growth-rate increasing. Furthermore, we find that the existence of the q = 1 rational surface does not have a significant effect on the stability of the plasma if energetic particles are present, which is very different from the scenarios of the ideal-MHD modes.

Frequency multiplication with toroidal mode number of kink/fishbone modes on a static HL-2A-like tokamak

In the presence of energetic particles(EPs),the long-lived mode(LLM) frequency multiplication with n=1,2,3,or higher is often observed on HL-2A,where n is the toroidal mode number.Hybrid kinetic-MHD model simulations of the energetic particle(EP) driven kink/fishbone modes on a static HL-2A-like tokamak using NIMROD code find that when the background plasma pressure is relatively high,and the EP pressure and the beam energy are relatively low,the mode frequency increases almost linearly with EP pressure,and the frequency is proportional to n(’frequency multiplication’),even in the absence of any equilibrium plasma rotation.In addition,the frequency multiplication persists as the safety factor at the magnetic axis q_(0)varies.In the absence of EPs,the growth rate of the 1/1 mode is the largest;however,as the EP pressure increases,the growth rate of 2/2 modes or 3/3 modes becomes dominant,suggesting that higher-n modes are more vulnerable to EPs.These results may shed light on the understanding of the toroidal mode number dependence of kink/fishbone modes in the advanced scenarios of tokamaks with weak or reversed central magnetic shear.

An Efficient Three-Dimensional Coupled Normal Mode Model and Its Application to Internal Solitary Wave Problems

We present an efficient three-dimensional coupled-mode model based on the Fourier synthesis technique. In principle, this model is a one-way model, and hence provides satisfactory accuracy for problems where the forward scattering dominates. At the same time, this model provides an efficiency gain of an order of magnitude or more over two-way coupled-mode models. This model can be applied to three-dimensional range-dependent problems with a slowly varying bathymetry or internal waves. A numerical example of the latter is demonstrated in this work. Comparisons of both accuracy and efficiency between the present model and a benchmark model are also provided.

Cascade control based on minimum sensitivity in outer loop for processes with time delay

A new cascade control program was proposed based on modified internal model control to handle stable,unstable and integrating processes with time delay.The program had totally four controllers of which the secondary loop had two controllers and the primary loop had two controllers.The two secondary loop controllers were designed using IMC technique.They were decoupled completely and could be adjusted independently,which avoided the undesirable influence on performance of the primary controllers.The main controller in the primary loop was devised as a PID using the method of minimum sensitivity,which could guarantee not only the nominal performance but also the robust stability of the system.A setpoint filter was added in the primary loop to improve the tracking performance.All the controllers of the two closed-loops were designed analytically,and could be adjusted and optimized by single parameter respectively.Simulations were carried out on three various processes with time delay,and the results show that the proposed method can provide a better performance of both set-point tracking and disturbance rejection and robustness against parameters perturbation.

Applications of EMD to analyses of high-frequency beachface responses to Storm Bebinca in the Qing’an Bay,Guangdong Province,China

On average,five to six storms occur in the Qiongzhou Strait every year,causing significant damage to coastal geomorphology and several property losses.Tropical Storm Bebinca is the most unusual and complex storm event that has occurred in this region over the last 10 years.To detect the high-frequency beachface responses to the storm,a pressure sensor was deployed in the surf zone to record the free sea surface height,and the heights of grid pile points on the beachface were measured manually to determine beach elevation changes during this storm.Empirical Mode Decomposition and related analysis techniques were used to analyze the high-frequency topography and wave data.The results showed that:(1)the beachface response process occurred in three stages.The first stage was the rapid response stage,wherein the spring tide berm began to erode significantly,and the front edge of the beach berm reacted closely.The two beach sections resisted the harmful energy of the main storm.In the second stage,the beach slope increased after a large sediment loss on the beach berm and its front edge.To adapt to the storm energy,the beach at the low tide line began to erode,and the beach slope decreased.In the third stage,after the storm turned,the wave energy was significantly attenuated,and the beach berm eroded to resist the residual wave energy.The beachface began to oscillate and recover.(2)The main wave surface was the superimposed product of a few internal mode functions.Similar results were observed in beachface changes.High-frequency driving factors determine the local characteristics of beach evolution,and low-frequency driving factors determine the beach evolution trend.(3)The response of sediment to the storm was not a single sea-transportation,but a single-or two-way conversion driven by factors such as wave energy,swash flow,and secondary wave breaking.(4)TheΩ-RTR model is not completely applicable to beach states that undergo rapid changes during storms.Therefore,it is necessary to carry out further research on beach state identification during storms.

Multichannel Microwave Interferometer for Simultaneous Measurement of Electron Density and its Fluctuation on HL-2A Tokamak

A nmltichannel microwave interferometer system has been developed on the HL- 2A tokomak. Its working frequency is well designed to avoid the fringe jump effect. Taking the structure of HL-2A into account, its antennas are installed in the horizontal direction, i.e. one launcher in high field side （HFS） and four receivers in low field side （LFS）. The fan-shaped measurement area covers those regions where the magnetohydrodynamics （MHD） instabilities are active. The heterodyne technique contributes to its high temporal resolution （1 μs）. It is possible for the multichannel system to realize simultaneous measurements of density and its fluctuation. The quadrature phase detection based on the zero-crossing method is introduced to density measureinent. With this system, reliable line-averaged densities and density profiles are obtained. The location of the saturated internal kink mode can be figured out from the mode showing different intensities on four channels, and the result agrees well with that measured by electron cyclotron emission imaging （ECEI）.

Effect of ideal internal MHD instabilities on NBI fast ion redistribution in ITER 15 MA scenario

Transport of fast ions is a crucial issue during the operation of ITER.Redistribution of neutral beam injection(NBI)fast ions by the ideal internal magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)instabilities in ITER is studied utilizing the guiding-center code ORBIT(White R B and Chance M S 1984Phys.Fluids 272455).Effects of the perturbation amplitude A of the internal kink,the perturbation frequency f of the fishbone instability,and the toroidal mode number n of the internal kink are investigated,respectively,in this work.The n=1 internal kink mode can cause NBI fast ions transporting in real space from regions of 0<s≤0.32 to 0.32<s≤0.53,where s labels the normalized plasma radial coordinate.The transport of fast ions is greater as the perturbation amplitude increases.The maximum relative change of the number of fast ions approaches 5%when the perturbation amplitude rises to 500 G.A strong transport is generated between the regions of 0<s≤0.05 and 0.05<s≤0.12 in the presence of the fishbone instability.Higher frequency results in greater transport,and the number of fast ions in 0<s≤0.05 is reduced by 30%at the fishbone frequency of 100 k Hz.Perturbations with higher n will lead to the excursion of fast ion transport regions outward along the radial direction.The loss of fast ions,however,is not affected by the internal MHD perturbation.Strong transport from 0<s≤0.05 to 0.05<s≤0.12 does not influence the plasma heating power of ITER,since the NBI fast ions are still located in the plasma core.On the other hand,the influence of fast ion transport from 0<s≤0.32 to 0.32<s≤0.53 needs further study.

Global and Kinetic MHD Simulation by the Gpic-MHD Code

In order to implement large-scale and high-beta tokamak simulation, a new algorithm of the electromagnetic gyrokinetic PIC （particle-in-cell） code was proposed and installed on the Gpic-MHD code [Gyrokinetic PIC code for magnetohydrodynamic （MHD） simulation]. In the new algorithm, the vorticity equation and the generalized Ohm＇s law along the magnetic field are derived from the basic equations of the gyrokinetic Vlasov, Poisson, and Ampere system and are used to describe the spatio-temporal evolution of the field quantities of the electrostatic potential φ and the longitudinal component of the vector potential Az. The basic algorithm is equivalent to solving the reduced-MHD-type equations with kinetic corrections, in which MHD physics related to Alfven modes are well described. The estimation of perturbed electron pressure from particle dynamics is dominant, while the effects of other moments are negligible. Another advantage of the algorithm is that the longitudinal induced electric field, ETz = -δAz/δt, is explicitly estimated by the generalized Ohm＇s law and used in the equations of motion. Furthermore, the particle velocities along the magnetic field are used （vz-formulation） instead of generalized momentums （pz-formulation）, hence there is no problem of ＇cancellation＇, which would otherwise appear when Az is estimated from the Ampere＇s law in the pz-formulation. The successful simulation of the collisionless internal kink mode by the new Gpic-MHD with realistic values of the large-scale and high-beta tokamaks revealed the usefulness of the new algorithm.

The theory of early nonlinear stage of m=1 instability with locally flattened q-profile

In this paper,we analyze the modification of fast particles on the nonlinear radial displacement of m=1 internal kink mode with a shoulderlike equilibrium current theoretically.Using the matching method on the solutions of the outer and inner regions,we derive the analytical form of nonlinear radial displacement in the limit of q'=q"=0,which is valid to the cases of weak shear due to a slight flattening of the q(r)profile around q=1.We have taken into consideration the effects of the circulating and trapped fast particles on the nonlinear state of the mode.It is found that a fast particle can modify the nonlinear saturation level by the change of potential energy,depending on the fast particle properties.By the matching of linear dispersion relation to early nonlinear result,we also obtain the relations of radial displacement to the mode frequency and linear growth rate,and discuss the scaling for different stabilities of the MHD modes.

Reflection and Transmission of the Level Step to the Waves in a Linear and Continuous Layer Liquid

The reflection and transmission of the level step to the water waves in the linear and continuous layer liquid were studied in this paper. Based on the matching method of the eigenfunction and a Boussinesq approximation, the analytical expression of the diffraction was obtained and the computing methods of the reflection and transmission en- ergy of the level step were proposed. For the incident wave with a frequency greater than that of the flotage, there is only one mode of plane traveling wave in the flow field. In the range of this greater frequency, the linear and continuous delamination effect will affect the reflection and transmission energy of the floating rectangular box. When the fre- quency of the incident wave is less than the flotage frequency, the energy of the plane traveling wave with infinite modes in the flow field will change into the energy of different modes for each incident wave of different modes.

Arrival time fluctuation of higher order normal modes caused by solitary internal waves

The sensitivities of the normal modes arrival time to solitary internal waves （IWs） are analyzed by using the SW06 environments. Simulation results show that the arrival time of mode 1 is relatively stable. But, there are some higher-order normal modes which arrive earlier than mode 1, and fluctuate with the appearance of solitary IWs. Explanation of the phenomenon is given based on ray theory. It is shown that, when thermocline falls down to some depths, those higher-order modes with a group of definite grazing angles mainly propagate above the thermocline and arrive earlier.

全身麻醉对光动力疗法治疗葡萄酒色斑效果和安全性的影响

目的研究全身麻醉(简称全麻)对海姆泊芬光动力疗法(PDT)治疗葡萄酒色斑(PWS)的效果和安全性的影响。方法以2017年12月至2021年3月浙江省人民医院整形外科符合入选标准的PWS患者为研究对象,所有患者接受以海姆泊芬为光敏剂的PDT治疗,对其资料进行回顾性分析。采用国际照明委员会(CIE)的L^(*)a^(*)b^(*)色彩模式数字化描述PWS病灶颜色变化,以治疗前和治疗2次后的L值、a值、b值的变化评价疗效,治疗后L值升高、a值降低提示PWS病变改善。比较全麻状态下和未麻醉状态下PDT的疗效。采用调查问卷和门诊、电话随访等方式调查治疗后不良反应发生情况,对全麻和未麻醉状态下PDT治疗后的疼痛程度(采用视觉模拟评分法)、皮肤损害(水疱、结痂、瘢痕)发生率进行比较分析。L值、a值、b值以x±s表示,组内治疗前后比较采用配对t检验,两组间比较采用独立样本t检验;疼痛的视觉模拟评分以M(Q_(1),Q_(3))表示,采用Mann-Whitney U检验进行分析;皮肤损害发生率比较采用卡方检验。结果共纳入62例PWS患者(134次PDT治疗),男17例,女45例,末次治疗年龄(27.5±6.7)岁(14~46岁);其中每次治疗均在全麻下进行的患者(全麻组)6例,每次治疗均未进行麻醉的患者(未麻醉组)47例,全麻和未麻醉状态下PDT治疗均经历过的患者(部分全麻组)9例。(1)疗效比较:与治疗前相比,全麻组治疗后的a值下降了5.63±2.51,差异有统计学意义(P=0.007),未麻醉组治疗后的L值升高了3.39±5.16(P=0.035),a值下降了2.12±3.28(P=0.039),b值升高了3.05±3.92(P=0.016),差异均有统计学意义;组间比较,全麻组的治疗前后a值变化幅度(|Δa|)显著大于未麻醉组(5.63±2.51 vs.2.12±3.28,P=0.047)。(2)术后疼痛比较:全麻下和无麻醉下PDT治疗后第2天疼痛评分的差异无统计学意义[7(6,7)分vs.7(6,8)分,P=0.653]。(3)皮肤损害发生率比较:全麻下和无麻醉下PDT治疗后水疱[0 vs 4.7%(5/107),P=0.252]和结痂[66.7%(18/27)vs.51.4%(55/107),P=0.064]的发生率差异均无统计学意义。结论在全麻下行PDT治疗可以增强疗效,改善患者治疗中的感受,具有一定的优越性,但在术后疼痛的缓解和降低术后皮肤损害的发生率方面并无明显优势。

Nodal structure of the wave function for a two-dimensionalhydrogen molecular ion

Under the Born-Oppenheimer approximation, the exact solution of the Schrodinger equation for a two-dimensional hydrogen molecular ion is obtained through separation of variables. The inter-quantum numbers and the modes of internal motion are determined by analysing the nodal structure of the wavefunction. The eigenstates are classified and the classical periodic orbits corresponding to the modes of internal motion are found.