AIM:To represent our clinical experience in the treatment of intestinal perforation arising from typhoid fever.METHODS:The records of 22 surgically-treated patients with typhoid intestinal perforation were evaluated r...AIM:To represent our clinical experience in the treatment of intestinal perforation arising from typhoid fever.METHODS:The records of 22 surgically-treated patients with typhoid intestinal perforation were evaluated retrospectively.RESULTS:There were 18 males and 4 females,mean age 37 years(range,8-64 years).Presenting symptoms were fever,abdominal pain,diarrhea or constipation.Sixteen cases were subjected to segmental resection and end-to-end anastomosis,while 3 cases received 2-layered primary repair following debridement,one case with multiple perforations received 2-layered primary repair and end ileostomy,one case received segmental resection and end-to-end anastomosis followed by an end ileostomy,and one case received segmental resection and end ileostomy with mucous fistula operation.Postoperative morbidity was seen in 5 cases and mortality was found in one case.CONCLUSION:Intestinal perforation resulting from Salmonella typhi is an important health problem in Eastern and Southeastern Turkey.In management of this illness,early and appropriate surgical intervention is vital.展开更多
目的观察养阴润肠方治疗慢性传输型便秘临床疗效。方法符合纳入标准的32例慢性传输型便秘患者,使用养阴润肠方治疗3个疗程,每个疗程7d,分别记录治疗前、2个疗程后、3个疗程后、停药1个月后便秘患者生活质量自评量表(patient assessment ...目的观察养阴润肠方治疗慢性传输型便秘临床疗效。方法符合纳入标准的32例慢性传输型便秘患者,使用养阴润肠方治疗3个疗程,每个疗程7d,分别记录治疗前、2个疗程后、3个疗程后、停药1个月后便秘患者生活质量自评量表(patient assessment of constipation quality of life questionnaire,PAC-QOL)评分及Cleveland便秘评分。结果治疗结束时治愈17例,显效8例,有效4例,无效3例,总有效率为90.6%。治疗前后PAC-QOL比较,在治疗2个疗程后、3个疗程后、停药1个月后,生理积分、担忧度积分、满意度积分、总分均显著减少(P<0.01);3个疗程后、停药1个月后,心理积分显著减少(P<0.01);与治疗前比较,治疗2个疗程后、3个疗程后、停药1个月后Cleveland评分均显著减少(P<0.01)。结论养阴润肠方治疗慢性传输型便秘在全身整体性调节和提高生活质量等方面疗效确切。展开更多
Vertical transport is critical to the movement of oil spills in seawater. Breaking waves play an important role by developing a well-defined mixing layer in the upper part of the water column. A three-dimensional （3-...Vertical transport is critical to the movement of oil spills in seawater. Breaking waves play an important role by developing a well-defined mixing layer in the upper part of the water column. A three-dimensional （3-D） Lagrangian random walk oil spill model was used here to study the influence of sea surface waves on the vertical turbulence movement of oil particles. Three vertical diffusion schemes were utilized in the model to compare their impact on oil dispersion and transportation. The first scheme calculated the vertical eddy viscosity semi-empirically. In the second scheme, the vertical diffusion coefficient was obtained directly from an Eulerian hydrodynamic model （Princeton Ocean Model, POM2k） while considering wave- caused turbulence. The third scheme was formulated by solving the Langevin equation. The trajectories, percentages of oil particles intruding into water, and the vertical distribution structures of oil particles were analyzed for a series of numerical experiments with different wind magnitudes. The results showed that the different vertical diffusion schemes could generate different horizontal trajectories and spatial distributions of oil spills on the sea surface. The vertical diffusion schemes caused different water-intruding and resurfacing oil particle behaviors, leading to different horizontal transport of oil particles at the surface and subsurface of the ocean. The vertical diffusion schemes were also applied to a realistic oil spill simulation, and these results were compared to satellite observations. All three schemes yielded acceptable results, and those of the third scheme most closely simulated the observed data.展开更多
The problem of crustal movement in the Qing-hai-Tibetan Plateau is a hotstopic of the present-day international geodetic world. GPS observations in 1993, 1995 and 1997 are used to survey the three-dimensional displace...The problem of crustal movement in the Qing-hai-Tibetan Plateau is a hotstopic of the present-day international geodetic world. GPS observations in 1993, 1995 and 1997 are used to survey the three-dimensional displacement of GPS monitoring station in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, and to calculate and analyze the present-day crustal movement and strain in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. The result of repeated campaign shows that the crustal movement in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau is still compressing in the north and south directions, extending in the west and east directions, and uplifting in the vertical direction. The relative convergence velocity of the Himalayan block is approximately (19.5±1.7)mm/a, the strain velocity is about (5.5±6.0) mm/a, and the uplifting velocity is some (7.6±5.2) mm/a. The compression velocity of the Tibet block relative to Golmud in the north and south directions is (9.3±4.6) mm/a, the strain velocity of the middle part in the west and east directions is (15.6±6.3) mm/a,展开更多
文摘AIM:To represent our clinical experience in the treatment of intestinal perforation arising from typhoid fever.METHODS:The records of 22 surgically-treated patients with typhoid intestinal perforation were evaluated retrospectively.RESULTS:There were 18 males and 4 females,mean age 37 years(range,8-64 years).Presenting symptoms were fever,abdominal pain,diarrhea or constipation.Sixteen cases were subjected to segmental resection and end-to-end anastomosis,while 3 cases received 2-layered primary repair following debridement,one case with multiple perforations received 2-layered primary repair and end ileostomy,one case received segmental resection and end-to-end anastomosis followed by an end ileostomy,and one case received segmental resection and end ileostomy with mucous fistula operation.Postoperative morbidity was seen in 5 cases and mortality was found in one case.CONCLUSION:Intestinal perforation resulting from Salmonella typhi is an important health problem in Eastern and Southeastern Turkey.In management of this illness,early and appropriate surgical intervention is vital.
文摘目的观察养阴润肠方治疗慢性传输型便秘临床疗效。方法符合纳入标准的32例慢性传输型便秘患者,使用养阴润肠方治疗3个疗程,每个疗程7d,分别记录治疗前、2个疗程后、3个疗程后、停药1个月后便秘患者生活质量自评量表(patient assessment of constipation quality of life questionnaire,PAC-QOL)评分及Cleveland便秘评分。结果治疗结束时治愈17例,显效8例,有效4例,无效3例,总有效率为90.6%。治疗前后PAC-QOL比较,在治疗2个疗程后、3个疗程后、停药1个月后,生理积分、担忧度积分、满意度积分、总分均显著减少(P<0.01);3个疗程后、停药1个月后,心理积分显著减少(P<0.01);与治疗前比较,治疗2个疗程后、3个疗程后、停药1个月后Cleveland评分均显著减少(P<0.01)。结论养阴润肠方治疗慢性传输型便秘在全身整体性调节和提高生活质量等方面疗效确切。
基金supported by Marine Industry Scientific Research Special Funds for Public Welfare Project-The development and application of fine-scale high precision comprehensive forecast system on the key protection coastal area(Grant No.201305031)The modular construction and application of marine forecasting operational system(Grant No.201205017)
文摘Vertical transport is critical to the movement of oil spills in seawater. Breaking waves play an important role by developing a well-defined mixing layer in the upper part of the water column. A three-dimensional （3-D） Lagrangian random walk oil spill model was used here to study the influence of sea surface waves on the vertical turbulence movement of oil particles. Three vertical diffusion schemes were utilized in the model to compare their impact on oil dispersion and transportation. The first scheme calculated the vertical eddy viscosity semi-empirically. In the second scheme, the vertical diffusion coefficient was obtained directly from an Eulerian hydrodynamic model （Princeton Ocean Model, POM2k） while considering wave- caused turbulence. The third scheme was formulated by solving the Langevin equation. The trajectories, percentages of oil particles intruding into water, and the vertical distribution structures of oil particles were analyzed for a series of numerical experiments with different wind magnitudes. The results showed that the different vertical diffusion schemes could generate different horizontal trajectories and spatial distributions of oil spills on the sea surface. The vertical diffusion schemes caused different water-intruding and resurfacing oil particle behaviors, leading to different horizontal transport of oil particles at the surface and subsurface of the ocean. The vertical diffusion schemes were also applied to a realistic oil spill simulation, and these results were compared to satellite observations. All three schemes yielded acceptable results, and those of the third scheme most closely simulated the observed data.
基金the National NaturalScience Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 49234070, 49974001 and 49904001) and the National Outstanding Youth Science Foundation (Grant No. 49725411).
文摘The problem of crustal movement in the Qing-hai-Tibetan Plateau is a hotstopic of the present-day international geodetic world. GPS observations in 1993, 1995 and 1997 are used to survey the three-dimensional displacement of GPS monitoring station in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, and to calculate and analyze the present-day crustal movement and strain in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. The result of repeated campaign shows that the crustal movement in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau is still compressing in the north and south directions, extending in the west and east directions, and uplifting in the vertical direction. The relative convergence velocity of the Himalayan block is approximately (19.5±1.7)mm/a, the strain velocity is about (5.5±6.0) mm/a, and the uplifting velocity is some (7.6±5.2) mm/a. The compression velocity of the Tibet block relative to Golmud in the north and south directions is (9.3±4.6) mm/a, the strain velocity of the middle part in the west and east directions is (15.6±6.3) mm/a,
