Black tea markets worldwide: Are they integrated?

Global tea consumption has risen significantly alongside rapid expansion of international trade in recent years.However,few studies have systematically examined the relationship among the major tea markets worldwide.Using weekly data from 2012-2019,this study empirically analyzed the price series of the world’s major black tea auction markets.The estimation results showed that these markets are connected,even though heterogeneities vary.This finding holds not only for regional markets but also for international markets.The findings offer important implications for tea-producing countries with millions of smallholder farmers.

Integrated Development of China's Agricultural Labor Market from the Perspective of Convergence of Planting Industry Marginal Labor Productivity

Using Compilation of National Cost Benefit Data of Agricultural Products in 1990-2009 and based on the convergence of planting industry marginal labor productivity,this paper studies the integration of agricultural labor market in China. Firstly,it calculates labor output elasticity of each province for wheat,japonica rice and corn. Secondly,it builds indicators reflecting change level of marginal labor productivity. Researches show that in 1990-2000,the difference level of marginal labor productivity expands. From 2000,it starts to fall and becomes more and more stable. However,due to difference of crops and farming custom,the turning point of marginal labor productivity is not consistent with each other. Even so,it is still possible to reach the conclusion that agricultural labor market is gradually integrated from 2000.

Research on the Application of Energy Internet Big Data in Integrated Energy Market

Energy Internet is deeply integrated by Internet concept, information technology and energy industry, and Energy Internet Big Data are one of core technologies that achieve energy-information-economic interconnection and improve the development and evolution of Energy Internet. This paper describes the concept and characteristics of Energy Internet Big Data, and feasibility of applying Energy Internet Big Data to integrated energy market. On this basis, as for integrated energy market and multi-subjects of Energy Internet, typical application and technical system based on Energy Internet Big Data in integrated energy market is put forward, which provides a reference for the analysis and decision of integrated energy market in Energy Internet.

Application of fuzzy integrated evaluation in the safety of coal industry of China

Based on fuzzy integrated evaluation theory, the safety of coal industry was analyzed, the factors affecting the safety of coal industry was considered, and its fuzzy in- tegrated estimating theory and results were given. Finally this paper proposed a new method of industry safety estimation. According to this method, we can integrate the fac- tors affecting coal industry and deal with the parameters and targets of evaluating factors by quantitative analysis, thus give a scientific and reasonable safety degree analyzing evaluation.

The Integrated Development of Weapon Technology and Weather Modification Technology

The advanced weather modification equipment was introduced,which was produced by China North Industries Corp（ NORINCO）. The advice of ordnance technology and weather modification technology integrated development was presented from aspects of system planning,overall design,market development and field extension. The feasibility and necessity of civil-military integrated development that the weapon technology could promote the development of civil product,i. e.,weather modification products,and as a result the civil technology＇s innovation could also accelerate the ordnance development was discussed.

Review Study on Main Models of Market Integration

With the endless strengthening of the economic globalization trend, the world market gradually steps into a new turn of the market integration period. Market integration in China is always the key study field of academic communities, but it is developed late, whatever content system or methodology shall be greatly improved as expected. This paper aims at summarizing and reviewing the study on the content system and main demonstrations of market integration in order to provide theoretical guide and methodological basis for related studies.

Application of Principles of Integrated Agricultural Systems： Results from Farmer Panels

The Integrated Agricultural Systems workgroup is examining agricultural systems of the US to determine fundamental principles that underlie successful production systems. Our hypothesis is that principles are applicable across regions, but key drivers interact to influence producer decisions and create distinct production systems. We interviewed agricultural producers to examine the underlying rationale for producer decisions and discern primary factors influencing production and marketing practices. While drivers are common among regions, interactions between drivers and influences on decision-makers vary substantially to create unique production systems. The internal social driver that values farming lifestyle is the principal factor that leads people to farming. The type of farming is partly a lifestyle choice and is influenced by other factors. Economic drivers and marketing options are primary drivers influencing production systems and management choices, as farmers provide an economic foundation for their families. While all producers employed strategies to manage production and marketing risks, these varied with different marketing channels. Identification of key drivers and principles can be used by producers, scientists and policy makers to direct agricultural production and agricultural research. New management systems can be developed that are flexible enough to respond to changing societal demands, and are environmentally and economically sustainable.

Financial Integration Among the ASEAN 5 ＋ 3 Stock Markets： A Preliminary Look at the First 10 Years of the New Millenium

The purpose of this study is to investigate the financial integration of the stock markets of the ASEAN 5 ＋ 3 countries. These countries include Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, China, Japan, and South Korea. The research determined the stock return volatility for each country＇s index during the first decade of the new millennium. The findings showed that there is the presence of integration and co-integration with Philippine index＇s return with the index＇s returns of the following countries： Indonesia, Singapore, and Thailand. Furthermore, there is evidence of volatility clustering in these stock markets. The study concluded with the policy implications of greater integration in light of the planned cross trading among four ASEAN bourses, namely, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Malaysia by 2012.

Model and Strategy of Urban and Rural Construction Land Market Integration

At present,one of the important contents of China s rural land system reform is to build a unified construction land market in urban and rural areas.The unified construction land market in urban and rural areas will produce higher economic and social benefits.It is imperative to promote the integration of urban and rural construction land market to improve the income of farmers,invigorate the stock of rural collective construction land and improve the efficiency of land use.This paper analyzes the current situation of urban and rural construction land market,the two models and typical cases of urban and rural construction land market integration,the restrictive factors and practical difficulties of urban and rural construction land market integration,and puts forward some suggestions and measures.This provides a theoretical basis for accelerating the integration of urban and rural construction land market,and hopes to provide a certain reference for the integration of urban and rural construction land market.

Promote Global Financial Market Integration

The B20 finance-driven growth taskforce provided four policy recommendations,including the optimization of global financial supervision,supporting stable growth of the world economy,the promotion of the development of green finance,and the pro-

区域市场一体化与企业数字化转型

区域市场一体化作为构建全国统一大市场的关键环节,是信息高效流通、资源有效配置的有力保障,对推动企业数字化转型起到重要支撑作用。基于“软信息—硬信息”分析框架的研究表明,区域市场一体化会促进企业数字化转型。这一结论在替换变量等一系列稳健性检验和内生性处理后依然成立;机制分析表明,区域市场一体化能破除软信息—硬信息瓶颈,通过数字知识获取和外部融资支持渠道促进企业数字化转型;异质性检验结果表明,区域市场一体化对企业数字化转型的影响效应在地区—行业—企业层面呈现差异,对东部沿海和基础设施较完善的地区、对竞争度较高和资本密集型的行业、对主动变革型和规模较小企业的促进作用更明显。

证券内幕交易民事责任认定与承担的规则构建

根据证券交易零和博弈特征,内幕交易人的违法所得来自交易对手的损失,故其民事责任承担须以具有违法所得为前提,同时应具备包括故意及重大过失在内的主观过错。为确保所有可能受害人均能获得救济,在集中交易场景应以与内幕人同时成交的反向交易者来替代难以确定的实际交易对手作为赔偿对象。内幕交易的危害实质在于严重破坏市场诚信、侵蚀投资者信心。善意投资者信赖市场诚信参与交易,依市场诚信理论可以推定内幕交易与其决策存在交易因果关系。基于零和博弈原理和集中交易规则,应由全体原告按其成交量比例在被告违法所得五倍限额内分配赔偿金,以适当平衡双方正当利益。应承担民事责任的内幕交易行为类型有三,即自行交易、传递交易和单位交易,相关行为人的责任形态应依具体情形在现行法框架内分别认定。

基于产教融合的汽车营销情境模拟教学模式研究

随着汽车营销行业人才结构需求的转变,高校更需要注重汽车营销实践技能的培养。因此,基于产教融合的汽车营销情境模拟教学模式改革,可以更好地将产业与教学紧密结合,通过模拟真实汽车营销场景,让学生在实践中学习汽车营销的理论知识、掌握营销操作技能,并增强实际应用能力。通过对汽车营销课程的情境创设、任务驱使、实践模拟以及产教结合等,实现汽车营销理论与实践的深度融合,在有效提升教学质量与效果的同时,有效培养学生的实践能力和创新精神,并在此基础上更好地推动汽车营销行业的创新发展以及教育资源优化配置。

有色金属-新能源产业链企业垂直一体化对其竞争力的影响研究

随着市场竞争加剧,产业链合纵连横已成为企业提升竞争力的重要手段。本文以2015~2023年中国有色金属-新能源产业链上市企业为研究样本,实证检验垂直一体化对企业竞争力的影响以及融资约束的门槛效应。研究发现,有色金属和新能源企业一体化程度均呈现大幅上升的趋势,并且一体化企业的竞争力水平明显高于同行业未一体化企业。垂直一体化对企业竞争力有显著的正向影响,有色金属企业效率提高和新能源企业市场规模扩大是其竞争力提升的主要原因。融资约束在一体化与企业竞争力的正向关系中存在单一门槛效应,当融资约束指数大于门槛值时,一体化促进企业竞争力;当融资约束指数小于门槛值时,有色金属企业后向一体化抑制竞争力,新能源企业前向一体化对竞争力的正向影响不再显著。异质性分析发现,非国有、大规模企业一体化对竞争力的促进效果更加显著。研究结论为提升我国有色金属与新能源产业及其他战略性新兴产业的国际竞争力提供重要理论和实践依据。

Towards the Integrating Wind Power into Power Grid in China

With abundant wind resources and high pressure imposed on en-vironmental protection, wind power development has a promising future. Butdue to intermittent nature, wind power can bring into full play only if being con-nected into power grid to ensure its supply reliability and continuity, aswell as operational economy. However, technical and market barriers haveprevented wind power from integrating into power grid. To foster wind powerdevelopment, these barriers should be removed by both government incentivepolicies and sophisticated technologies.

区域一体化与企业数字化转型——基于市场竞争和创新驱动的视角

通过以长三角区域一体化试点政策为准自然实验,利用2008—2021年沪深A股上市企业的数据,考察了区域一体化政策对企业数字化转型的影响和内在机理。研究发现,区域一体化政策能够显著提升企业数字化水平,该结论在稳健性检验后仍然成立。从不同维度来看,区域一体化政策显著促进了数字技术发展的深度(底层数字技术应用)和融合发展的广度(智能制造和互联网商业模式)。机制检验表明,区域一体化政策改善了宏观层面的市场竞争环境和创新环境,从而增强了企业面临的赶超压力和驱动企业进行创新策略调整,进而提升企业数字化水平。异质性分析表明,区域一体化政策的数字化发展效应主要存在于国有企业、成长型企业、数字金融发展水平高和知识产权保护重视程度高的地区。进一步研究显示,区域一体化政策不仅促进了企业专业化分工,同时改善了企业资源错配。研究结论不仅为化解企业数字化转型困境提供了经验证据,也为政府深入推进区域一体化协调发展和构建统一大市场提供参考。

动态环境下企业R&D/marketing整合机制的有效性研究

本文探讨动态环境下企业R&D/marketing整合机制和整合度之间的关系。论文从需求环境的动态性、竞争环境的动态性和技术环境的动态性三个角度 ,分析了 5种R&D/marketing整合机制在不同的动态环境中的相对有效性。通过对长沙地区的 78家高新科技企业进行的关于R&D/marketing整合机制有效性的实证研究 ,发现在不同的动态环境中各种整合机制对提高企业R&D/marketing整合度的影响各自不同。

现代物流体系支撑全国统一大市场建设的机理和路径研究

构建全国统一大市场,必须充分发挥现代物流体系的重要作用。现代物流体系是全国统一大市场建设的重要基石,它从促进市场融合、降低市场交易成本、削弱垄断、促进市场公平、加快市场标准化等四个方面助推全国统一大市场建设。我国现代物流体系赋能全国统一大市场面临的主要难题是:物流效益不高、物流智能化和信息化程度低、物流设施有待加强、物流行业内部壁垒严重等。现代物流体系推进全国统一大市场的路径选择可以从以下五个方面进行:实施物流强国战略;提升物流效益、降低物流成本;加强物流设施建设、提高物流行业智能化、信息化水平;实施供应链管理、提高物流行业内部的协同;推进物流系统标准化建设。

Electricity-Heat-Based Integrated Demand Response Considering Double Auction Energy Market with Multi-Energy Storage for Interconnected Areas

With development of integrated energy systems and energy markets,transactive energy has received increasing attention from society and academia,and realization of energy distribution and integrated demand response through market transactions has become a current research hotspot.Research on optimized operation of a distributed energy station as a regional energy supply center is of great significance for improving flexibility and reliability of the system.Based on retail-side energy trading market,this study first establishes a framework of combined electric and heating energy markets and analyses a double auction market mechanism model of interconnected distributed energy stations.This study establishes a mechanism model of energy market participants,and establishes the electric heating combined market-clearing model to maximize global surplus considering multi-energy storage.Finally,in the case study,a typical user energy consumption scenario in winter is selected,showing market-clearing results and demand response effects on a typical day.Impact of transmission line constraints,energy supply equipment capacity,and other factors on clearing results and global surplus are compared and analyzed,verifying the effects of the proposed method on improving global surplus,enhancing interests of market participants and realizing coordination and optimal allocation of both supply and demand resources through energy complementarity between regions.

客户议价能力与商业信用融资:基于纵向一体化视角的研究

近年来,采用供应链视角来探究企业的商业信用行为已成为该领域研究的新范式。基于2000—2023年中国上市公司的数据,从纵向一体化视角研究了客户议价能力对企业商业信用提供的影响机制。研究结果显示,当供应链中下游客户企业具有较强的议价能力时,通常表现为供应商企业市场势力相对较弱或客户集中度较高,供应商企业倾向于提供更多的商业信用,这一发现有力地支撑了“客户议价能力假说”。然而,企业外部的纵向一体化程度会显著地影响产业链内企业间的商业信用供给。具体而言,纵向一体化程度较高的企业会向下游客户企业提供更多的商业信用,同时强化客户议价能力对企业商业信用供给的影响。研究表明,产品市场势力所传递的议价能力会沿着供应链扩散,从而影响企业的融资决策行为,并且企业所处行业的纵向一体化程度成为理解其商业信用行为的关键因素。