Evaluation of micelles incorporated into thermosensitive hydrogels for intratumoral delivery and controlled release of docetaxel:A dual approach for in situ treatment of tumors

The in situ gelling hybrid hydrogel system has been reported to effectively concentratechemotherapeutic drugs at the tumor site and sustain their release for a long period. DTX-micelles(docetaxel-loaded mixed micelles) are able to increase the solubility of DTX inwater, and then a high drug loading rate of hydrogels can be achieved by encapsulatingthe docetaxel-loaded mixed micelles into the hydrogels. The thermosensitive nature ofDTX-MM-hydrogels(thermosensitive hydrogels incorporated with docetaxel-loaded mixedmicelles) can accelerate the formation of a depot of this drug-loaded system at the siteof administration. Therefore, the hydrogels provide a much slower release compared withDTX-micelles and DTX-injection. An in vivo retention study has demonstrated that the DTX-MM-hydrogels can prolong the drug retention time and in viv o trials have shown that theDTX-MM-hydrogels have a higher antitumor efficacy and systemic safety. In conclusion, theDTX-MM-hydrogels prepared in this study have considerable potential as a drug deliverysystem, with higher tumor inhibition effects and are less toxic to normal tissues.

In vivo assessment of intratumoral aspirin injection to treat hepatic tumors

AIM: To study the antineoplastic efficacy of 10% aspirin intralesional injection on VX2 hepatic tumors in a rabbit model. METHODS: Thirty-two male rabbits (age: 6-9 wk; body weight: 1700-2500 g) were inoculated with VX2 hepatic tumor cells (104 cells/rabbit) via supraumbilical median laparotomy. On day 4 post-implantation, when the tumors were about 1 cm in diameter, the rabbits were randomly divided into the following groups (n = 8 each group) to assess early (24 h) and late (7 d) antineoplastic effects of intratumoral injection of 10% bicarbonate aspirin solution (experimental groups) in comparison to intratumoral injection of physiological saline solution (control groups): group 1, 24 h control; group 2, 24 h experimental; group 3, 7 d control; group 4, 7 d experimental. The serum biochemistry profile (measurements of glycemia, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, aspartateaminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase) and body weight measurements were obtained for all animals at the following time points: D0, before tumor implant; D4, day of treatment; D5, day of sacrifice for groups 1 and 2; D11, day of sacrifice for groups 3 and 4. Gross assessments of the abdominal and thoracic cavities were carried out upon sacrifice. The resected liver tissues, including hepatic tumors, were qualitatively (general morphology, signs of necrosis) and quantitatively (tumor area) assessed by histopathological analysis. RESULTS: Gross examination showed no alterations, besides the left hepatic lobe tumors, had occurred in the thoracic and abdominal cavities of any animal at any time point evaluated. However, the features of the tumor foci were distinctive between the groups. Compared to the control groups, which showed normal unabated tumor progression, the aspirin-treated groups showed imprecise but limited tumor boundaries and a general red-white coloration (indicating hemorrhaging) at 24 h post-treatment, and development of yellow-white areas of a cicatricial aspect at 7 d after treatment. At all time points evaluated, all except one biochemical parameters tested within the reference range (P > 0.05); a significant increase was detected in the alkaline phosphatase level of the control group 3 on D11 (P < 0.05). At 24 h post-treatment, the aspirintreated groups showed extensive coagulation necrosis accompanied by a remarkable absence of viable tumor foci; at 7 d after treatment, the tumors had completely disappeared in these animals and fibrous necrotic nod- ules had developed. In contrast, throughout the study course, the tumors of the control groups remained unchanged, showing tumor nodules without necrosis at the time point corresponding to 24 h post-treatment and increased amounts of tumor nodules at the time point corresponding to 7 d post-treatment. Quantitative analysis of the remaining tumor area revealed that the aspirin-treated groups had significantly smaller tumor foci at 24 h post-treatment (8.5% ± 0.7%) andat 7 d after treatment (11.0% ± 4.2%), compared to those in the control groups (24 h: 98.5% ± 1.5% and 7 d: 94.0% ± 2.7%; both,P < 0.005). CONCLUSION: Intralesional injection of a 10% aspirin solution causes destruction of VX2 hepatic tumors in rabbits without evidence of relapse at 7 d after treat- ment administration.

Percutaneous Ethanol Intratumoral Injection for Treatment of Small Primary Liver Cancer：Summary of 240 Cases

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effects of percutaneous ethanol intratumoral injection (PEIT) for treatment of small primary liver cancer (SPLC).Methods 240 patients with surgically or pathologically proved SPLC ( < 3 cm in diameter) were treated by PEIT ( under the guidance of B-ultrasound) . Of the" 240 patients, 163 had recurrent liver cancer, 55 had inoperable liver cancer because of cardiac, pulmonary, hepatic and renal dysfunctions or due to the close proximity of tumor to the major vessels, and 22 refused to receive surgical resection. In 40 patients who received surgical resection after PEIT treatment, the resected tumors were pathologically evaluated for necrotic status and the patients were followed up postoperatively.Results Postoperative 1-, 2- and 3-year survival rate of the 240 patients was 94.9% , 84.2% and 66.3% respectively. Conclusion PEIT can be used as a non-invasive treatment for SPLC, and preoperative PEIT appears to be helpful in reducing recurrence of postoperative liver cancer.

Magnetic Particle Imaging for Magnetic Hyperthermia Treatment: Visualization and Quantification of the Intratumoral Distribution and Temporal Change of Magnetic Nanoparticles in Vivo

Purpose: Magnetic hyperthermia treatment (MHT) is a strategy for cancer therapy using the tem-perature rise of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) under an alternating magnetic field (AMF). Re-cently, a new imaging method called magnetic particle imaging (MPI) has been introduced. MPI allows imaging of the spatial distribution of MNPs. The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of visualizing and quantifying the intratumoral distribution and temporal change of MNPs and predicting the therapeutic effect of MHT using MPI. Materials and Methods: Colon-26 cells (1 × 106 cells) were implanted into the backs of eight-week-old male BALB/c mice. When the tumor volume reached approximately 100 mm3, mice were divided into untreated (n = 10) and treated groups (n = 27). The tumors in the treated group were directly injected with MNPs (Resovist?) with iron concentrations of 500 mM (A, n = 9), 400 mM (B, n = 8), and 250 mM (C, n = 10), respectively, and MHT was performed using an AMF with a frequency of 600 kHz and a peak amplitude of 3.5 kA/m. The mice in the treated group were scanned using our MPI scanner immediately before, immediately after, 7 days, and 14 days after MHT. We drew a region of interest (ROI) on the tumor in the MPI image and calculated the average, maximum, and total MPI values and the number of pixels by taking the threshold value for extracting the contour as 40% of the maximum MPI value (pixel value) within the ROI. These parameters in the untreated group were taken as zero. We also measured the relative tumor volume growth (RTVG) defined by (V-V0)/V0, where V0 and V are the tumor volumes immediately before and after MHT, respectively. Results: The average, maximum, and total MPI values decreased up to 7 days after MHT and remained almost constant thereafter in all groups, whereas the number of pixels tended to increase with time. The RTVG values in Groups A and B were significantly lower than those in the control group 3 days or more and 5 days or more after MHT, respectively. The above four parameters were significantly inversely correlated with the RTVG values 5, 7, and 14 days after MHT. Conclusion: MPI can visualize and quantify the intratumoral distribution and temporal change of MNPs before and after MHT. Our results suggest that MPI will be useful for predicting the therapeutic effect of MHT and for the treatment planning of MHT.

Observation of intratumoral injection of radiosensitizer

The present study made in 92 mice showed that hydrogen peroxide com-pound injected directly into the tumor could to some extent sensitize the hypoxiccells of S180 solid tumor to radiate,for example,both the tumor regression rateand the mouse survival rate 40d after radiation in the hydrogen peroxide com-pound group were significantly greater than those in the radiation alone group.The increasing rate of tumor diameter in 10d was 77.10%,47.09%,and 47.47%-10.4% in groups of control,radiation alone,radiosensitizer alone,radiationand hydrogen peroxide compound,respectively.Some of the problems aboutthe intratumoral injection of radiosensitizer were discussed.

肿瘤内革兰氏阴性菌对肺癌细胞死亡影响的初步探究

目的:探讨肺癌组织内革兰氏阴性菌对肺癌细胞死亡的影响。方法:在体外用不同浓度的脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide,LPS)(0μg/mL、0.01μg/mL、0.1μg/mL、1μg/mL)处理肺癌细胞,通过实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)或Western blot检测受体相互作用蛋白激酶3(receptor interacting protein kinase 3,RIPK3)表达。利用TargetScan数据库预测可能调控RIPK3的microRNA,通过双荧光素酶报告基因实验与Western blot验证预测的microRNA与RIPK3的靶向关系。用0.01μg/mL浓度的LPS处理肺癌细胞,通过RT-qPCR检测miR-637表达水平。用LPS和/或顺铂(DDP)处理肺癌细胞,通过Western blot检测PARP与切割的PARP(cl-PARP)的表达。结果:与对照组比较,LPS(0.01μg/mL)组细胞中RIPK3的表达在mRNA及蛋白水平均显著上调(P<0.05和P<0.001)。双荧光素酶报告基因实验显示,与miR-18a-3p、miR-18b-3p、miR-223-3p、miR-342-3p或miR-874-3p组相比,miR-637组较NC组荧光素酶活性显著降低(P<0.01)。Western blot结果显示,与NC组相比,miR-637 mimics组细胞RIPK3表达显著下调(P<0.05);与inhibitor NC组相比,miR-637 inhibitor组细胞RIPK3表达显著上升(P<0.01)。与对照组比较,LPS(0.01μg/mL)组细胞中miR-637表达显著下调(P<0.05)。与对照组比较,顺铂组与LPS+顺铂组中均可检测到PARP蛋白的切割,但LPS+顺铂组中被切割的PARP蛋白显著减少。结论:肿瘤中革兰氏阴性菌LPS的少量刺激可通过抑制miR-637的表达上调肿瘤细胞中死亡相关分子RIPK3的表达,但对顺铂诱导的肿瘤细胞凋亡具有抑制作用。

肠道菌群和结直肠癌发生发展及治疗的研究进展

结直肠癌作为全球发病和死亡居首位的消化系统恶性肿瘤,其与肠道菌群的关系越来越受到关注。肠道菌群可以与宿主细胞相互作用,调节包括新陈代谢和免疫反应在内的多种生理过程。近年来,随着研究不断深入,已经揭示了宿主与肠道菌群之间的相互作用在结直肠癌的起源和进展中发挥重要作用。本综述旨在通过描述结直肠癌相关的肠道微生物群以及瘤内微生物群,讨论肠道菌群参与结直肠癌的发生、侵袭、转移过程的具体机制,及其对结直肠癌治疗反应和预后的影响,为深入了解肠道菌群与结直肠癌的关系提供参考,并为开发菌群干预结直肠癌提供治疗思路。

微生物菌群在胶质瘤中的研究进展

胶质瘤与肠道微生物菌群相关的研究近年来逐渐崭露头角,亦有研究发现胶质瘤中存在肿瘤内微生物菌群。尽管已有研究揭示了肠道微生物菌群可能通过免疫调节、表观遗传修饰等途径对胶质瘤产生影响,但具体机制未明。该文将重点介绍微生物菌群在胶质瘤中的相关研究进展并简要论述其在胶质瘤疾病进程中的作用机制,为深入探讨胶质瘤的发病机制以及改善治疗预后提供新的思路。

构建胃癌三维多细胞球体模型用于药物瘤内穿透的精准评价

目的构建并表征胃癌三维多细胞球体模型,用于评价化疗药物的瘤内穿透。方法将12000个小鼠胃癌MFC细胞系接种于96 U 3D细胞培养板,以构建MFC多细胞肿瘤球体(MFC MCTS);将8000个MFC细胞和4000个小鼠成纤维NIH/3T3细胞系共同接种于96 U 3D细胞培养板,以构建MFC-NIH/3T3共培养多细胞肿瘤球体(CO MCTS);通过活细胞成像表征球体的直径、圆度、面积和透光率;通过激光共聚焦成像表征球体微环境和化疗药物(LipoDOX,5.0μg/ml)的瘤内穿透。结果培养5 d时,两种球体的透光率最低,圆度>0.90,直径约为530μm,面积约为0.23 mm^(2)。两种球体模型内均检测到3种微环境荧光探针分布。LipoDOX能相对均匀地穿透MFC MCTS,却在CO MCTS内表现出外多内少的不均匀穿透,药物荧光强度降低约58.3%(P<0.01)。结论本研究构建了两种具有良好圆度、高紧实度、适中直径和面积的胃癌三维多细胞球体模型,两种胃癌球体模型均表现出酸性、缺氧和氧化还原微环境,可精准、高效地评价化疗药物的瘤内穿透。

Beyond the Gut:The intratumoral microbiome’s influence on tumorigenesis and treatment response

The intratumoral microbiome(TM)refers to the microorganisms in the tumor tissues,including bacteria,fungi,viruses,and so on,and is distinct from the gut microbiome and circulating microbiota.TM is strongly associated with tumorigenesis,progression,metastasis,and response to therapy.This paper highlights the current status of TM.Tract sources,adjacent normal tissue,circulatory system,and concomitant tumor co-metastasis are the main origin of TM.The advanced techniques in TM analysis are comprehensively summarized.Besides,TMis involved in tumor progression through several mechanisms,including DNA damage,activation of oncogenic signaling pathways(phosphoinositide 3-kinase[PI3K],signal transducer and activator of transcription[STAT],WNT/β-catenin,and extracellular regulated protein kinases[ERK]),influence of cytokines and induce inflammatory responses,and interaction with the tumor microenvironment(anti-tumor immunity,pro-tumor immunity,and microbial-derived metabolites).Moreover,promising directions of TM in tumor therapy include immunotherapy,chemotherapy,radiotherapy,the application of probiotics/prebiotics/synbiotics,fecal microbiome transplantation,engineered microbiota,phage therapy,and oncolytic virus therapy.The inherent challenges of clinical application are also summarized.This review provides a comprehensive landscape for analyzing TM,especially the TM-related mechanisms and TM-based treatment in cancer.

Photodynamic eradication of intratumoral microbiota with bacteria-targeted micelles overcomes gemcitabine resistance of pancreatic cancer

Increasing evidence suggests that intratumoral microbiota plays a pivotal role in tumor progression,immunosurveillance,metastasis,and chemosensitivity.Particularly,in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma,tumor-resident Gammaproteobacteria could transform the chemotherapeutic drug gemcitabine(Gem)into its inactive form,thus rendering chemotherapy ineffective.Herein,a strategy for selectively eradicating intratumoral bacteria was described for overcoming Gem resistance in a pancreatic cancer animal model.An antimicrobial peptide was linked with photosensitizer through a poly(ethylene glycol)chain,which can self-assemble into micelles with a diameter of∼20 nm.The micelles could efficiently kill bacteria under light irradiation by inducing membrane depolarization,thereby inhibiting Gem metabolism.In a bacteria-resident pancreatic cancer animal model,the selective photodynamic eradication of intratumoral bacteria was demonstrated to efficiently reverse Gem resistance.This research highlights antibacterial photodynamic therapy as a promising adjuvant strategy for cancer therapy by modulating intratumoral microbiota.

Preoperatively predicting vessels encapsulating tumor clusters in hepatocellular carcinoma:Machine learning model based on contrast-enhanced computed tomography

BACKGROUND Recently,vessels encapsulating tumor clusters(VETC)was considered as a distinct pattern of tumor vascularization which can primarily facilitate the entry of the whole tumor cluster into the bloodstream in an invasion independent manner,and was regarded as an independent risk factor for poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).AIM To develop and validate a preoperative nomogram using contrast-enhanced computed tomography(CECT)to predict the presence of VETC+in HCC.METHODS We retrospectively evaluated 190 patients with pathologically confirmed HCC who underwent CECT scanning and immunochemical staining for cluster of differentiation 34 at two medical centers.Radiomics analysis was conducted on intratumoral and peritumoral regions in the portal vein phase.Radiomics features,essential for identifying VETC+HCC,were extracted and utilized to develop a radiomics model using machine learning algorithms in the training set.The model’s performance was validated on two separate test sets.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)analysis was employed to compare the identified performance of three models in predicting the VETC status of HCC on both training and test sets.The most predictive model was then used to constructed a radiomics nomogram that integrated the independent clinical-radiological features.ROC and decision curve analysis were used to assess the performance characteristics of the clinical-radiological features,the radiomics features and the radiomics nomogram.RESULTS The study included 190 individuals from two independent centers,with the majority being male(81%)and a median age of 57 years(interquartile range:51-66).The area under the curve(AUC)for the combined radiomics features selected from the intratumoral and peritumoral areas were 0.825,0.788,and 0.680 in the training set and the two test sets.A total of 13 features were selected to construct the Rad-score.The nomogram,combining clinicalradiological and combined radiomics features could accurately predict VETC+in all three sets,with AUC values of 0.859,0.848 and 0.757.Decision curve analysis revealed that the radiomics nomogram was more clinically useful than both the clinical-radiological feature and the combined radiomics models.CONCLUSION This study demonstrates the potential utility of a CECT-based radiomics nomogram,incorporating clinicalradiological features and combined radiomics features,in the identification of VETC+HCC.

CT引导经皮肺穿刺肿瘤内化疗解除气道梗阻1例

目的探讨CT引导经皮肺穿刺肿瘤内化疗解除气道梗阻的疗效,为临床治疗提供新的可靠方法。方法报道1例CT引导经皮肺穿刺肿瘤内化疗解除气道梗阻的治疗过程,并结合文献阐述CT引导经皮肺穿刺肿瘤内化疗的疗效和安全性。结果本例患者左主支气管梗阻解除,左肺复张,PS评分由3分改善至1分。结论CT引导经皮肺穿刺肿瘤内化疗解除气道梗阻取得了良好的效果,为临床治疗提供了新思路。

瘤内瘤周超声影像组学预测乳腺浸润导管癌Ki-67状态

目的:探讨瘤内联合瘤周超声影像组学在预测乳腺浸润导管癌Ki-67表达水平中的应用价值。方法:选取接受乳腺手术且病理证实的300例乳腺浸润导管癌患者进行分析,其中包括Ki-67低表达组(Ki-67<30%)169例和高表达组(Ki-67≥30%)131例。选择二维超声图像上病变的最大截面来勾画感兴趣区域,同时自动适形向外扩展5 mm获得瘤周区域,提取瘤内和瘤周的影像组学特征。将本研究病例按7∶3随机分组分为训练组(n=210)和验证组(n=90)。所有特征经过Z-score标准化、t检验、Pearson相关系数及最小绝对收缩和选择算法进行特征筛选,得到最佳特征组合;最后利用随机森林(RF)模型进行乳腺浸润导管癌Ki-67表达水平的分类,建立瘤内、瘤周以及瘤内联合瘤周超声影像组学模型,借助接受者操作特征曲线评估模型对预测乳腺浸润导管癌Ki-67表达水平的诊断效能。结果:基于瘤内联合瘤周超声影像组学特征的RF模型在预测乳腺癌Ki-67表达状态方面表现更佳,模型在训练组和验证组的曲线下面积分别为0.899(95%CI:0.860~0.939)和0.832(95%CI:0.746~0.917),优于瘤内或瘤周影像组学单一预测效能,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:基于瘤内联合瘤周超声影像组学特征构建的RF模型,在预测乳腺浸润性导管癌Ki-67表达水平方面表现出良好的诊断效能,有望作为一种非侵入性工具,为乳腺浸润性导管癌的个性化治疗策略提供有用信息。

临床-MRI影像组学的列线图模型可有效预测宫颈癌淋巴脉管浸润

目的基于临床-MRI影像组学的列线图模型在预测宫颈癌淋巴脉管浸润中的价值。方法回顾性分析2019年1月~2023年11月于蚌埠医科大学第一附属医院术前行MRI检查且术后病理证实为宫颈癌的患者168例。收集患者的临床和影像资料,按照7:3的比例随机分为训练集(n=112)和验证集(n=56)。通过单-多因素Logistic回归分析筛选与宫颈癌淋巴脉管浸润相关的临床独立危险因素;分别于T2WI和T1WI增强序列矢状位手动勾画感兴趣区,提取瘤内、瘤周及瘤内+瘤周影像组学特征,通过对影像特征降维并筛选最优特征构建影像组学模型;结合临床预测因子与影像组学评分构建列线图模型。采用ROC曲线下面积、校准曲线、决策曲线分析评价模型的预测效能。结果两组中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞计数比值及淋巴结是否转移的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),线图模型的预测效能最佳,其曲线下面积在训练集和验证集分别为0.932(95%CI:0.862~0.984)、0.896(95%CI:0.803~0.990)显著高于瘤内、瘤周影像组学模型和临床模型。结论本研究构建的列线图模型在预测宫颈癌淋巴脉管浸润方面具有较高的诊断性能,可以术前为临床决策提供重要指导。

CT引导射频消融与瘤内化疗治疗早期非小细胞肺癌的临床研究

背景与目的射频消融(radiofrequency ablation,RFA)已经成为无法手术的早期非小细胞肺癌(nonsmall cell lung cancer,NSCLC)的局部治疗方法之一。本研究观察计算机断层扫描(computed tomography,CT)引导下RFA与瘤内化疗(intratumoral chemotherapy,ITC)(RFA-ITC)的有效性和安全性。方法自2005年1月至2015年12月研究组前瞻性入组经病理学证实为早期NSCLC,因心肺功能较差或伴发其他疾病而无法耐受手术或拒绝手术的患者,接受RFA-ITC治疗。RFA采用导向器辅助CT引导穿刺准实时步进法,适形伞状电极、单点或多点消融,完成治疗计划并当CT显示肿瘤周围正常肺组织呈现磨玻璃样后结束消融治疗,经电极针将卡铂200 mg缓慢注射到肿瘤内。随访评估安全性和有效性。结果 110例患者125次RFA-ITC治疗,技术成功率为100%。中位生存期为48.0个月,总生存率为55.4个月,无进展生存期为55.1个月;1年、2年、3年、5年总生存率分别为100%、90.7%、62.7%、21.9%。消融后有和无磨玻璃样改变的生存期分别是68.3个月、40.1个月,有统计学差异(P=0.001)。肿瘤的大小及有无N1分期的生存率无差异。无围手术期死亡发生,气胸、肺内出血、胸腔积液、发热、术中胸痛、皮下气肿、术中咳嗽等并发症轻微可耐受。结论 CT引导RFA-ITC治疗不能手术的早期NSCLC,疗效好、并发症少,对患者损伤小,为不能手术治疗的早期NSCLC的治疗提供了一个良好方法。

安全剂量下平阳霉素瘤内注射治疗体表血管瘤和血管畸形

目的探讨平阳霉素瘤内注射治疗体表血管瘤和血管畸形的疗效。方法回顾分析2005年5月～2008年3月应用平阳霉素瘤内注射治疗体表血管瘤和血管畸形42例临床资料,其中男17例,女25例。年龄3个月～51岁。血管瘤18例,静脉血管畸形20例,血管瘤合并血管畸形4例。注射液按照平阳霉素8mg+2%利多卡因2ml+生理盐水2ml+地塞米松2.5mg配制。术前测算瘤体面积,按照平阳霉素0.5mg/cm2多点注射,浅表皮肤及口腔黏膜可酌情减量至0.3mg/cm2。一次注射未完全消失者可10天～3周或更长时间后重复注射。每次平阳霉素注射量不超过8mg,分次注射总量一般不超过70mg。结果治疗后1年,55个病灶治愈和显效率为85.5%(47/55),好转12.7%(7/55),总有效率为98.2%(54/55)。结论平阳霉素瘤内注射治疗血管瘤和小面积、低血流量静脉血管畸形疗效高,疗程短,患者痛苦小,是一种简便、安全的方法。平阳霉素瘤内注射时,0.5mg/cm2是治疗血管瘤和小面积血管畸形的安全剂量。

平阳霉素瘤内注射治疗眼部血管瘤

目的探讨平阳霉素治疗眼部血管瘤的疗效和作用机理。方法采用平阳霉素8 mg+0.5%利多卡因3-6 m l溶解后注射,一次未愈,间隔1-4周重复给药,5次为一疗程,总量不超过80 mg。结果62例患者,经6月-3年随访,治愈率69.35%,显效率24.19%,有效率6.45%,总有效率93.55%。结论本方法疗效显著,副作用小,外观满意,是一种安全、可靠、简便、易行的治疗方法。

VEGF和nm23蛋白在膀胱移行细胞癌中表达及临床意义

目的探讨VEGF和nm23蛋白在膀胱移行细胞癌中的表达及其与肿瘤微血管密度(MVD)和侵袭转移的关系。方法应用免疫组织化学技术检测55例膀胱移行细胞癌VEGF、nm23和CD34蛋白的表达,并根据CD34染色结果计算肿瘤的微血管密度。结果55例膀胱移行细胞癌中,VEGF蛋白表达阳性率47.3%,其表达与脉管侵袭及其预后有显著性差异(P<0.05),VEGF阳性组MVD显著高于阴性组(P<0.01);nm23蛋白表达阳性率63.3%,其表达与脉管侵袭及其预后有显著性差异(P<0.05)。nm23阳性组MVD低于阴性组(P<0.05);VEGF与nm23的表达强度呈负相关(r=-0·647,P<0.01),VEGF阳性表达伴nm23阴性表达者易发生转移。结论VEGF可能是膀胱癌的主要促血管生成因子,和肿瘤的生成、发展及预后相关。联合检测VEGF和nm23蛋白可以作为预测膀胱癌转移及其预后的参考指标。