We investigate the effects of pure Dzyaloshinskii Moriya （DM） interaction with magnetic field on entanglement in intrinsic decoherence, assuming that the system is initially in four Bell states ｜φ±〉 = （｜00...We investigate the effects of pure Dzyaloshinskii Moriya （DM） interaction with magnetic field on entanglement in intrinsic decoherence, assuming that the system is initially in four Bell states ｜φ±〉 = （｜00） ± ｜11〉）/√2 and ｜ψ±〉 = （｜01） ±｜10〉）/√2, respectively. It is found that if the system is initially in the state p1（0） = ｜φ＋〉〈φ＋1, the entanglement can obtain its maximum when the DM interaction vector D is in the plane of XOZ and magnetic field B = By with the infinite time t, moreover the entanglement is independent of By and t when By is perpendicular to D. In addition, we obtain similar results when the system is initially in the states p2（0） = ｜φ-〉〈φ-｜ or p3 （0） = ｜ψ＋〉〈ψ＋1. However, we find that if the system is initially in the state P4 （0） = ｜ψ-〉〈ψ-l, the entanglement can obtain its maximum for infinite t, when the DM vector is in the plane ofYOZ, XOZ, or XOY, with the magnetic field parallel to X, Y, or Z axis, respectively. Moreover, when the axial B is perpendicular to D for the initial state p4（O）, the negativity oscillates with time t and reaches a stable value, the larger the value of B is, the greater the stable value is, and the shorter the oscillation time of the negativity is. Thus we can adjust the direction and value of the external magnetic field to obtain the maximal entanglement, and avoid the adverse effects of external environment in some initial state. This is feasible within the cun＇ent experimental technology.展开更多
Two-dimensional(2 D)van der Waals materials have been widely adopted as photocatalysts for water splitting,but the energy conversion efficiency remains low.On the basis of first-principles calculations,we demonstrate ...Two-dimensional(2 D)van der Waals materials have been widely adopted as photocatalysts for water splitting,but the energy conversion efficiency remains low.On the basis of first-principles calculations,we demonstrate that the 2 D Janus group-Ⅲchalcogenide multilayers:In Ga XY,M2XY and In GaX2(M=In/Ga;X,Y=S/Se/Te),are promising photocatalysts for highly-efficient overall water splitting.The intrinsic electric field enhances the spatial separations of photogenerated carriers and alters the band alignment,which is more pronounced compared with the Janus monolayers.High solar-to-hydrogen(STH)efficiency with the upper limit of 38.5%was predicted in the Janus multilayers.More excitingly,the Ga vacancy of In Ga SSe bilayer effectively lowers the overpotentials of hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)to the levels provided solely by the photogenerated carriers.Our theoretical results suggest that the 2 D Janus group-III chalcogenide multilayers could be utilized as highly efficient photocatalysts for overall water splitting without the needs of sacrificial reagents.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 11204061,11374085,11104057,11274010 and 11204002the Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation under Grant No 1408085MA16+4 种基金the Anhui Provincial Candidates for Academic and Technical Leaders Foundation under Grant No 2015H052the Discipline Top-Notch Talents Foundationthe Excellent Young Talents Support Plan of Anhui Provincial Universitiesthe Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education under Grant No 20113401110002the 211 Project of Anhui University,and the Personnel Department of Anhui Province
文摘We investigate the effects of pure Dzyaloshinskii Moriya （DM） interaction with magnetic field on entanglement in intrinsic decoherence, assuming that the system is initially in four Bell states ｜φ±〉 = （｜00） ± ｜11〉）/√2 and ｜ψ±〉 = （｜01） ±｜10〉）/√2, respectively. It is found that if the system is initially in the state p1（0） = ｜φ＋〉〈φ＋1, the entanglement can obtain its maximum when the DM interaction vector D is in the plane of XOZ and magnetic field B = By with the infinite time t, moreover the entanglement is independent of By and t when By is perpendicular to D. In addition, we obtain similar results when the system is initially in the states p2（0） = ｜φ-〉〈φ-｜ or p3 （0） = ｜ψ＋〉〈ψ＋1. However, we find that if the system is initially in the state P4 （0） = ｜ψ-〉〈ψ-l, the entanglement can obtain its maximum for infinite t, when the DM vector is in the plane ofYOZ, XOZ, or XOY, with the magnetic field parallel to X, Y, or Z axis, respectively. Moreover, when the axial B is perpendicular to D for the initial state p4（O）, the negativity oscillates with time t and reaches a stable value, the larger the value of B is, the greater the stable value is, and the shorter the oscillation time of the negativity is. Thus we can adjust the direction and value of the external magnetic field to obtain the maximal entanglement, and avoid the adverse effects of external environment in some initial state. This is feasible within the cun＇ent experimental technology.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21433006 and 11774201)
文摘Two-dimensional(2 D)van der Waals materials have been widely adopted as photocatalysts for water splitting,but the energy conversion efficiency remains low.On the basis of first-principles calculations,we demonstrate that the 2 D Janus group-Ⅲchalcogenide multilayers:In Ga XY,M2XY and In GaX2(M=In/Ga;X,Y=S/Se/Te),are promising photocatalysts for highly-efficient overall water splitting.The intrinsic electric field enhances the spatial separations of photogenerated carriers and alters the band alignment,which is more pronounced compared with the Janus monolayers.High solar-to-hydrogen(STH)efficiency with the upper limit of 38.5%was predicted in the Janus multilayers.More excitingly,the Ga vacancy of In Ga SSe bilayer effectively lowers the overpotentials of hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)to the levels provided solely by the photogenerated carriers.Our theoretical results suggest that the 2 D Janus group-III chalcogenide multilayers could be utilized as highly efficient photocatalysts for overall water splitting without the needs of sacrificial reagents.
基金supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission(KJQN202000629)the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(cstc2020jcyj-msxmX0692)the financial support from China Scholarship Council(202106050115)。
