The periodic assembly and dispersal of continental fragments, referred to as the supercontinent cycle, bear close relation to the evolution of mantle convection and plate tectonics. Supercontinent formation involves c...The periodic assembly and dispersal of continental fragments, referred to as the supercontinent cycle, bear close relation to the evolution of mantle convection and plate tectonics. Supercontinent formation involves complex processes of ＂introversion＂ （closure of interior oceans）, ＂extroversion＂ （closure of exterior oceans）, or a combination of these processes in uniting dispersed continental fragments, Recent developments in numerical modeling and advancements in computation techniques enable us to simulate Earth＇s mantle convection with drifting continents under realistic convection vigor and rheology in Earth-like geometry （i.e., 3D spherical-shell）. We report a numerical simulation of 3D mantle convection, incorporating drifting deformable continents, to evaluate supercontinent processes in a realistic mantle convection regime. Our results show that supercontinents are assembled by a combi- nation of introversion and extroversion processes. Small-scale thermal heterogeneity dominates deep mantle convection during the supercontinent cycle, although large-scale upwelling plumes intermit- tently originate under the drifting continents and/or the supercontinent.展开更多
BACKGROUND The main treatment methods for cancer include surgery,radiotherapy,chemotherapy,targeted drug therapy and so on.Patients often feel anger,anxiety,depression,and other negative psychological reactions in the...BACKGROUND The main treatment methods for cancer include surgery,radiotherapy,chemotherapy,targeted drug therapy and so on.Patients often feel anger,anxiety,depression,and other negative psychological reactions in the process of treatment.AIM To explore the effects of cognitive behavioral therapy on the personality characteristics of cancer patients.METHODS According to the matching design requirements,150 cancer patients were divided into 3 groups based on sex,age,condition,and cultural background.Patients in the control group received conventional treatment.Patients in experimental group 1 received an intervention based on conventional treatment combined with cognitive behavioral therapy.Patients in experimental group 2 received family members'participation in addition to the treatment given in experimental group 1.An Eysenck personality questionnaire was used to investigate all the patients before and after the intervention,and the scores for psychosis,introversion,neuroticism,and concealment degree were analyzed.RESULTS Compared with the control group,for experimental group 1 and experimental group 2 before and after the intervention,the four dimensions of mental quality,neuroticism,introversion and concealment degree all decreased,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After the intervention,there were no obvious or statistically significant differences(P>0.05)among the control group,experimental group 1,and experimental group 2 for two personality traits,psychoticism and neuroticism,both inside and outside degree and all four dimensions.CONCLUSION Simple cognitive behavioral therapy could not change the personality characteristics of cancer patients quickly,but the patients’personality characteristics were significantly improved after treatment.展开更多
In the process of foreign language learning, many factors interact to influence the learners’ learning achievement, including teaching, the learner, and the context, among which the individual difference attracted ma...In the process of foreign language learning, many factors interact to influence the learners’ learning achievement, including teaching, the learner, and the context, among which the individual difference attracted many researchers’ attention. They attempted to find out the relationship between these individual differences, especially personality traits and the learner’s foreign language learning achievements. However, the results and findings of the researches are sometimes contradictory and not always unquestionable. This research is designed for verifying the results of other studies and finding out the relationship between personality traits and EFL learning in the Chinese context, thereby making some contributions to the EFL teaching and learning. This thesis consists of five parts. The first part is a brief introduction to the research. In the second part, some theories on personality are surveyed first, and some researches are reviewed. Part Three presents the method of the research, including a description of the research methodology, subjects, and data-collecting procedures. Part Four reports the results and the data obtained in the research. In the last part, the results of the present research are compared with those of other researches, the implications and limitations of the research are discussed, and some suggestions for further studies are also put forward.展开更多
This study aims to examine the influence of personality on second language learning.The whole study was based on the researcher’s regular interviews with two ESL Chinese students and the observation of their performa...This study aims to examine the influence of personality on second language learning.The whole study was based on the researcher’s regular interviews with two ESL Chinese students and the observation of their performance during their first semester.Additional data was collected via a simplified Myers Briggs Type Indicator(MBTI)and interviews with their teachers and a native speaker of English.Overall English proficiency was assessed using two Institutional TOEFL tests and their current GPA during their ESL studies.A positive relationship was found between extraversion and spoken English while a slight but passive correlation emerged between extraversion and overall English achievement.展开更多
Individual learner＇s differences, such as sex, age, aptitude, motivation, personality and strategies, are important factors in English learning as foreign language （EFL）. Among these, personal types should be paid ...Individual learner＇s differences, such as sex, age, aptitude, motivation, personality and strategies, are important factors in English learning as foreign language （EFL）. Among these, personal types should be paid more attention to since different personalities mean different learning styles, and different learning styles lead to different levels of proficiency. The present study tries to explore the personal types in terms of extroversion and introversion of the students majoring in physical culture. Based on the investigation in personality types, the implications are discussed and some suggestions are put forward.展开更多
基金supported partly by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientifc Research (B) (No. 23340132) from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan
文摘The periodic assembly and dispersal of continental fragments, referred to as the supercontinent cycle, bear close relation to the evolution of mantle convection and plate tectonics. Supercontinent formation involves complex processes of ＂introversion＂ （closure of interior oceans）, ＂extroversion＂ （closure of exterior oceans）, or a combination of these processes in uniting dispersed continental fragments, Recent developments in numerical modeling and advancements in computation techniques enable us to simulate Earth＇s mantle convection with drifting continents under realistic convection vigor and rheology in Earth-like geometry （i.e., 3D spherical-shell）. We report a numerical simulation of 3D mantle convection, incorporating drifting deformable continents, to evaluate supercontinent processes in a realistic mantle convection regime. Our results show that supercontinents are assembled by a combi- nation of introversion and extroversion processes. Small-scale thermal heterogeneity dominates deep mantle convection during the supercontinent cycle, although large-scale upwelling plumes intermit- tently originate under the drifting continents and/or the supercontinent.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Foundation of the Guizhou Health Department,No.GZWKJ2011-1-026National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81760548.
文摘BACKGROUND The main treatment methods for cancer include surgery,radiotherapy,chemotherapy,targeted drug therapy and so on.Patients often feel anger,anxiety,depression,and other negative psychological reactions in the process of treatment.AIM To explore the effects of cognitive behavioral therapy on the personality characteristics of cancer patients.METHODS According to the matching design requirements,150 cancer patients were divided into 3 groups based on sex,age,condition,and cultural background.Patients in the control group received conventional treatment.Patients in experimental group 1 received an intervention based on conventional treatment combined with cognitive behavioral therapy.Patients in experimental group 2 received family members'participation in addition to the treatment given in experimental group 1.An Eysenck personality questionnaire was used to investigate all the patients before and after the intervention,and the scores for psychosis,introversion,neuroticism,and concealment degree were analyzed.RESULTS Compared with the control group,for experimental group 1 and experimental group 2 before and after the intervention,the four dimensions of mental quality,neuroticism,introversion and concealment degree all decreased,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After the intervention,there were no obvious or statistically significant differences(P>0.05)among the control group,experimental group 1,and experimental group 2 for two personality traits,psychoticism and neuroticism,both inside and outside degree and all four dimensions.CONCLUSION Simple cognitive behavioral therapy could not change the personality characteristics of cancer patients quickly,but the patients’personality characteristics were significantly improved after treatment.
文摘In the process of foreign language learning, many factors interact to influence the learners’ learning achievement, including teaching, the learner, and the context, among which the individual difference attracted many researchers’ attention. They attempted to find out the relationship between these individual differences, especially personality traits and the learner’s foreign language learning achievements. However, the results and findings of the researches are sometimes contradictory and not always unquestionable. This research is designed for verifying the results of other studies and finding out the relationship between personality traits and EFL learning in the Chinese context, thereby making some contributions to the EFL teaching and learning. This thesis consists of five parts. The first part is a brief introduction to the research. In the second part, some theories on personality are surveyed first, and some researches are reviewed. Part Three presents the method of the research, including a description of the research methodology, subjects, and data-collecting procedures. Part Four reports the results and the data obtained in the research. In the last part, the results of the present research are compared with those of other researches, the implications and limitations of the research are discussed, and some suggestions for further studies are also put forward.
文摘This study aims to examine the influence of personality on second language learning.The whole study was based on the researcher’s regular interviews with two ESL Chinese students and the observation of their performance during their first semester.Additional data was collected via a simplified Myers Briggs Type Indicator(MBTI)and interviews with their teachers and a native speaker of English.Overall English proficiency was assessed using two Institutional TOEFL tests and their current GPA during their ESL studies.A positive relationship was found between extraversion and spoken English while a slight but passive correlation emerged between extraversion and overall English achievement.
文摘Individual learner＇s differences, such as sex, age, aptitude, motivation, personality and strategies, are important factors in English learning as foreign language （EFL）. Among these, personal types should be paid more attention to since different personalities mean different learning styles, and different learning styles lead to different levels of proficiency. The present study tries to explore the personal types in terms of extroversion and introversion of the students majoring in physical culture. Based on the investigation in personality types, the implications are discussed and some suggestions are put forward.
文摘目的探讨新兵人格内外向、积极应对、领悟社会支持与心理弹性的关系,并建立关系模型,为提高新兵心理弹性水平提供建议。方法以艾森克人格问卷(Eysenck personality questionnaire,EPQ)、简易应对方式问卷(simplified coping style questionnaire,SCSQ)、领悟社会支持量表(perceived social support scale,PSSS)、成人心理弹性量表(resilience scale for adults,RSA)为研究工具,对武警某机动分队287名新兵施测,并利用SPSS和Amos对所得数据进行统计分析。结果内外向(r=0.516,P<0.01)、积极应对(r=0.456,P<0.01)和领悟社会支持(r=0.530,P<0.01)与心理弹性呈显著正相关,内外向、积极应对和领悟社会支持进入心理弹性影响因素的多元回归方程,其中积极应对对心理弹性有直接正效应,内外向和领悟社会支持对心理弹性有直接和间接正效应。结论新兵内外向、积极应对和领悟社会支持是心理弹性形成与发展中的保护因素。
