Sequence stratigraphy and lithofacies paleogeography of the Middle–Upper Cambrian Xixiangchi Group in the Sichuan Basin and its adjacent area, SW China

Based on isotopic, lithologic and electrical data and logging cycle analysis technique, stratigraphic sequences in the Middle-Upper Cambrian Xixiangchi Group in the Sichuan Basin and its adjacent area are divided, and its sedimentary characteristics and evolution are analyzed. The Xixiangchi Group can be divided into 5 third-order sequences(Sql-Sq5), of which sequences Ⅰ to Ⅲ(Sql-Sq3) are relatively complete, sequences Ⅳ and Ⅴ are denuded in the Late Cambrian because of the Dian-Chuan paleo-uplifts.Third-order sequences of the Xixiangchi Group in this area have the characteristics of thin in the west and thick in the east, showing that the Caledonian paleo-uplift is a synsedimentary paleo-uplift and the paleogeomorphology in the platform is a gentle slope. Sequence Ⅰdevelops high stand systems tract and transgressive systems tract. The other third-order sequences are dominated by highstand systems tracts, and the transgressive systems tracts last shortly in time and are limited in area. The basic features of evaporative-restricted platform of gentle slope type developed continuously in the sedimentary period of the Xixiangchi Group, its sedimentary environment of "high in west and low in east" and the change of micro paleogeomorphology in the platform control the continuous development of sedimentary facies. Open platform is developed only in sequence Ⅰ and sequence Ⅱ, and the inner beach of the platform and the edge beach of the platform are mostly developed in sequence Ⅱ and sequence Ⅲ. It indicates that there are two platform margin zones in the study area,a relatively stable, large-scale platform marginal zone in NE Guizhou-Western Hunan and Hubei, and a moving and small-scale platform marginal zone in North Chongqing-Western Hubei.

THE CARBONATE ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION OF THE LOESS-PALEOSOL SEQUENCE AND ITS IMPLICATION OF PALEOCLIMATIC CHANGE

The isotopic composition of soil or paleosol carbonate can be a sensitive paleoclimatic indicator. The relationships between the oxygen isotopic composition of modem soil carbonates and that of meteoric waters and between the carbon isotopic composition of the soil carbonates and the fraction of the plants using the C4 photosynthetic pathway in

鄂尔多斯盆地伊陕斜坡中南部高热演化地区古生界天然气地球化学研究

苏里格南部和高桥高热演化地区古生界天然气具有乙烷等重烃组分含量低,大多数样品的湿气系数小于2%,天然气甲烷碳同位素组成显著偏重,乙烷等重烃组分碳同位素组成变化大等特征。热演化程度更高、甲烷碳同位素更重、湿气系数更低的东南部地区,古生界天然气均显示乙烷等重烃组分碳同位素异常偏轻、碳同位素倒转的特征。通常,当乙烷等重烃组分含量极低的高演化天然气混入少量乙烷等重烃组分含量高、碳同位素组成显著偏轻的天然气就可形成天然气的乙烷等重烃组分碳同位素异常偏轻、碳同位素倒转。早白垩世末盆地抬升阶段初期古地温降至相当于高-过成熟阶段的温度区间时,气源岩和储层中残余的少量液态烃的热裂解生成的天然气混入导致了乙烷等重烃组分碳同位素异常偏轻与碳同位素的倒转。因此,应以甲烷碳同位素组成作为主要指标、乙烷等重烃组分碳同位素组成作为参考指标,结合成藏地质条件进行高演化天然气的成因判识。提出了研究区古生界天然气以煤成气为主,并有一定数量油型气混入的认识。

四川盆地及周缘地区中上寒武统洗象池群层序地层与岩相古地理演化特征

以同位素组成地球化学资料为基础,结合岩性与电性特征,利用测井旋回分析技术,对四川盆地及周缘地区中上寒武统洗象池群进行地层层序划分并分析沉积特征与演化规律。洗象池群可以划分为Sq1—Sq5共5个三级层序,其中层序Sq1—Sq3保存相对较完整,层序Sq4与Sq5在寒武纪末期大面积剥蚀,展现出滇—川古隆起的特征。各三级层序均呈西薄东厚,显示出加里东古隆起是同沉积古隆起且台内古地貌为缓坡特征。层序Sq1同时发育高位体系域和海侵体系域,其他三级层序主要发育高位体系域,海侵体系域发育短暂且局限。洗象池群沉积期在台内以缓坡型蒸发—局限台地的基本面貌发育,西高东低的沉积环境与台内微古地貌变化控制着沉积相的持续发育,其中开阔台地只发育在层序Sq1和Sq2,台内滩与台缘滩在层序Sq2和Sq3最发育。洗象池群在四川盆地周缘地区存在相对稳定且规模较大的黔东北—湘鄂西台缘带和具有迁移性且规模较小的渝北—鄂西台缘带。

华北北部前寒武纪有机质碳同位素组成特征及其地球化学意义

华北北部中、上元古界岩样干酪根碳同位素组成在-35‰～-26‰之间,前人研究表明,腐泥型干酪根相对富集12C(δ13C小于-28‰),所以,研究区源岩干酪根类型为腐泥型和腐殖 腐泥型。经研究发现研究区泥质岩比碳酸盐岩更富集轻碳同位素,下马岭组有机碳同位素组成也比其它层位轻。长城系串岭沟组、团山子组到大红峪组干酪根碳同位素组成特征与地质历史表现出的随地史的发展变重的趋势相符。但到了高于庄组,碳同位素组成陡然变轻,然后从高于庄组到蓟县系雾迷山组,其干酪根碳同位素组成又变重。而从蓟县系雾迷山组到青白口系下马岭组干酪根碳同位素组成,随着地史的发展,有变轻的反常趋势。

南方海相层系不同类型烃源(岩)生烃模拟实验及其产物同位素演化规律

利用常规高压釜热压模拟仪和仿真地层热压生排烃模拟仪对南方海相不同类型烃源进行生烃模拟实验,研究发现不同类型原油烃气产率最高,分散可溶有机质烃气产率次之,产率最低的为不同类型干酪根。不同类型烃源烃气产率与烃源的有机碳含量、可溶有机质含量高低、有机质类型有密切关系,与烃源原始成熟度具有较好负相关性。烃源碳同位素组成决定产物甲烷碳同位素组成的演化规律,碳同位素组成较轻的烃源其产物甲烷碳同位素组成总体上要轻于碳同位素组成较重烃源的甲烷碳同位素组成。不同类型烃源产物甲烷碳同位素组成随热模拟温度增高具有先变轻再变重的演化特征,但不会重于其烃源的碳同位素组成。乙烷等碳同位素组成也随着热模拟温度增高逐渐变重,演化至生烃高峰时,碳同位素组成接近于其烃源碳同位素组成,可以示踪烃源。当演化至高过成熟阶段,乙烷等δ13C值大于其烃源碳同位素值,故不能仅用重烃碳同位素组成判断天然气母质类型。不同类型干酪根与可溶有机质CO2组分和同位素组成演化规律具有明显区别,可溶有机质生成的CO2和甲烷之间同位素分馏程度要比不同类型干酪根的大。在不同类型烃源生烃过程中,干酪根和液态烃碳同位素组成主要受母质类型控制,继承效应强,同位素分馏程度较小,具有很好的示踪意义,可以用于油源对比和烃源示踪研究。