Investigation of Main Fungal Diseases of Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) in Hainan Province and Their Pathogen Identification

[ Objective ] The paper was to confirm the current major diseases of pepper in Hainan Province and their corresponding pathogens. [ Method ] The pep- per gardens in 13 main cultivation regions of pepper in Hainan Province were systematically investigated, and the pathogens of the obtained specimens were isolated and identified. [ Result] Seven fungal diseases in pepper were totally investigated, including blast, anthracnose, blight, slow wilt, root rot, basal rot and scleretin- ia disease. Currently, the diseases with serious damage on pepper include blast, anthracnese, blight and slow wilt. [ Conclusion] The result provides the theoreti- cal basis for the integrated control of diseases in pepper, and is also benefit for scientific research workers to master the latest dynamic of diseases.

All-optical object identification and threedimensional reconstruction based on optical computing metasurface

Object identification and three-dimensional reconstruction techniques are always attractive research interests in machine vision,virtual reality,augmented reality,and biomedical engineering.Optical computing metasurface,as a two-dimensional artificial design component,has displayed the supernormal character of controlling phase,amplitude,polarization,and frequency distributions of the light beam,capable of performing mathematical operations on the input light field.Here,we propose and demonstrate an all-optical object identification technique based on optical computing metasurface,and apply it to 3D reconstruction.Unlike traditional mechanisms,this scheme reduces memory consumption in the processing of the contour surface extraction.The identification and reconstruction of experimental results from high-contrast and low-contrast objects agree well with the real objects.The exploration of the all-optical object identification and 3D reconstruction techniques provides potential applications of high efficiencies,low consumption,and compact systems.

Objective Identification and Climatic Characteristics of Heavy-Precipitation Northeastern China Cold Vortexes

The northeastern China cold vortex(NCCV)plays an important role in regional rainstorms over East Asia.Using the National Centers for Environmental Prediction Final reanalysis dataset and the Global Precipitation Measurement product,an objective algorithm for identifying heavy-precipitation NCCV(HPCV)events was designed,and the climatological features of 164 HPCV events from 2001 to 2019 were investigated.The number of HPCV events showed an upward linear trend,with the highest frequency of occurrence in summer.The most active region of HPCV samples was the Northeast China Plain between 40°–55°N.Most HPCV events lasted 3–5 days and had radii ranging from 250 to 1000 km.The duration of HPCV events with larger sizes was longer.About half of the HPCV events moved into(moved out of)the definition region(35°–60°N,115°–145°E),and half initiated(dissipated)within the region.The initial position was close to the western boundary of the definition region,and the final position was mainly near the eastern boundary.The locations associated with the precipitation were mostly concentrated within 2000 km southeast of the HPCV systems,and they were farther from the center in the cold season than in the warm season.

Objective identification research on cold vortex and mid-summer rainy periods in Northeast China

Considering the differences between the Northeast China Cold Vortex （CV） and the Mid-Summer （MS） rainy period and their corresponding atmospheric circulations are comprehensively analyzed, and the objective identification methods of defining the annual beginning and ending dates of Northeast China CV and MS rainy periods are developed respectively. The annual beginning date of the CV （MS） rainy period is as follows. In a period from April to August, if daily regional mean precipitation ryi is larger than yearly regional mean precipitation R （or 2R） on a certain day, the station precipitation rs is larger than the station yearly mean precipitation （r/ （or 2（r）） in at least 50% of stations in Northeast China, and this condition is satisfied in the following 2 （7） days, then this date is defined as the beginning date of the CV （MS） rainy period. While the definition of the ending date of the MS rainy period shows the opposite process to its beginning date. With this objective identification method, the multi-year average （1981-2010） beginning date of the CV rainy period is May 3, the beginning date of the MS rainy period is June 27, the ending day of the CV rainy period is defined as the day before the beginning date of the MS rainy period, and the ending date of the MS rainy period is August 29. Meanwhile, corresponding anomaly analysis at a 500-hPa geopotential height, 850-hPa wind, Omega and relative humidity fields all show that the definitions of the average beginning and ending dates of the CV and MS rainy periods have a certain circulation meaning. Furthermore, the daily evolution of the CV index, meridional and zonal wind index, etc. all show that these objectively defined beginning and ending dates of the CV and MS rainy periods have climate significance.

Application of Lightning Monitoring and Positioning Data in Investigation and Identification of Lightning Disaster in Inner Mongolia

The lightning current magnitude and other characteristics are important basic data of the lightning disaster investigation and identification. The characteristics of lightning monitoring and positioning system in Inner Mongolia were introduced and studied in the lightning accident analysis based on the lightning monitoring and positioning data of the lightning stroke accidents. The positioning error of lightning monitoring and positioning system was analyzed. The results showed that lightning current intensity and the position precision were very important data in the lightning disaster investigation. Finally, a variety of meteorological data should be applied in the lightning disaster investigation and identification.

Applications of Hyperspectral Remote Sensing in Ground Object Identification and Classification

Hyperspectral remote sensing has become one of the research frontiers in ground object identification and classification. On the basis of reviewing the application of hyperspectral remote sensing in identification and classification of ground objects at home and abroad. The research results of identification and classification of forest tree species, grassland and urban land features were summarized. Then the researches of classification methods were summarized. Finally the prospects of hyperspectral remote sensing in ground object identification and classification were prospected.

QoE Assessment of Fairness between Players in Networked Virtual 3D Objects Identification Game Using Haptic, Olfactory, and Auditory Senses

In this paper, we carry out QoE (Quality of Experience) assessment to investigate influences of olfactory and auditory senses on fairness for a networked virtual 3D object identification game with haptics. In the game, two players try to identify objects which are placed in a shared 3D virtual space. In the assessment, we carry out the game in four cases. Smells and sounds are presented in the first case, only sounds are done in the second case, and only smells are done in the third case. In the last case, we present neither smell nor sound. As a result, we demonstrate that the fairness deteriorates more largely as the difference in conditions between two users becomes larger.

An Objective Identification Method for Wintertime Cold Fronts in Eurasia

The present study identifies wintertime cold fronts in Eurasia from gridded datasets using a new objective two-step identification scheme.The simple and classic conception of a front is adopted,where a cold front is identified as the warm boundary of the frontal zone with a suitable horizontal temperature gradient and cold advection.We combine the traditional thermal front parameter with temperature advection to first identify the cold frontal zone,and then its eastern and southern boundaries are objectively plotted as a cold front in Eurasia.By comparing different cold front identification methods,the results from this two-step cold front identification method and subjective analysis are more consistent,and the positions of the cold front identified with our method are more reasonable.This objective technique is also applied to a nationwide cold wave event over China.Results show that the horizontal extent and movement of the cold front are in good agreement with the related circulation and the associated cold weather.The proposed method and results in this study may shed light on the rapid identification of cold fronts in operational weather analysis and facilitate further research on the long-term activity characteristics of continental cold fronts.

SPATIAL CORRELATION DESCRIPTION OF DEFORMATION OBJECT BASED ON FUZZY CLUSTERING AND GEOLOGICAL ANALYSIS

The methods of deformation analysis and modeling at single point are realized easily now,but available approaches do not make full use of the information from monitoring points and can not reveal integrated deformation regularity of a deformable body.This paper presents a fuzzy clusetering method to analyze the correlative relations of multiple points in space,and then the spatial model for a practical dangerous rockmass in the area of Three Gorges,Yangtze River is established,in which the correlation of six points in space is analyzed by geological investigation and fuzzy set theory.

FUZZY IDENTIFICATION METHOD BASED ON A NEW OBJECTIVE FUNCTION

A method of fuzzy identification based on a new objective function is proposed. The method could deal with the issue that input variables of a system have an effect on the input space while output variables of the system do not exert an influence on the input space in the proposed objective functions of fuzzy clustering. The method could simultaneously solve the problems about structure identification and parameter estimation; thus it makes the fuzzy model become optimal. Simulation example demonstrates that the method could identify non linear systems and obviously improve modeling accuracy.

An Effective Algorithm for Tank Objects Identification in a Complex Background

An effective algorithm for tank objects identification in a complex background that fea-tures the perceptual organization is proposed in this paper.With multi-window architecture,the algorithm consists of two parts:coarse recognition and detailed recognition.Based onprior knowledge,coarse recognition scans the entire image data,then gets the target-kerneland its interesting window to direct detailed processing.Moreover,the detailed recognitionexecutes a depth-first search which retrieves locally around the target-kernel in the windowaccording to the rule of similarity measure.Experimental results show that the algorithm canidentify tank objects in a complicated scene effectively.

Study of Multistage Project Risk Identification-Assessment Process Based on Objective Orientation

Risk management of projects is about the real time ev aluation and making of decisions proactively in order to maximize the probabilit y of achieving or surpassing the targets set for project objectives. Project objective generally includes three elements: time, cost, quality. Risk occurrin g in the projects will affect these three factors to some various degrees in the end. There are different emphases in each stage and integrated balanced goals b etween the three factors. A large complex engineering project generally consists of several stages each of which has variable objective combinations leading to variable important risks. In order to achieve strategic goals on the schedule under the restriction of lim ited resources, the paper gives the analysis of the so-called risk identificati on-assessment process on the basis of objective orientation. In this paper the set of involved mostly hazards is presented in terms of given objective weight v ector, and so is the model of risk ranking .By reducing the range of risk factor s step by step, risk manager could pay more attention to important ventures and effectively control of them. According to different objective combination at different stages, primary risk f actor sets at different stages are given. With the probability and their various effects to project objectives, evaluation of these sets is made aiming to r educing of the scope of risks and providing decision maker with a better decisio ns support. Successful projects are those, which focus on the relevant business objectives t hroughout the whole process and seek to information integration across project l ife cycle. This paper also introduces the idea of real time process of risk iden tification-assessment and presents a flow chart as a demonstration.

An improved YOLOv7 for the state identification of sliding chairs in railway turnout

The sliding chairs are important components that support the switch rail conversion in the railway turnout.Due to the harsh environmental erosion and the attack from the wheel vibration,the failure rate of the sliding chairs accounts for up to 10%of the total failure number in turnout.However,there is little research carried out in the existing literature to diagnose the deterioration states of the sliding chairs.To fill out this gap,by utilizing the images containing the sliding chairs,we propose an improved You Only Look Once version 7(YOLOv7)to identify the state of the sliding chairs.Specifically,to meet the challenge brought by the small inter-class differences among the sliding chair states,we first integrate the Convolutional Block Attention Module(CBAM)into the YOLOv7 backbone to screen the information conducive to state identification.Then,an extra detector for a small object is customized into the YOLOv7 network in order to detect the small-scale sliding chairs in images.Meanwhile,we revise the localization loss in the objective function as the Efficient Intersection over Union(EIoU)to optimize the design of the aspect ratio,which helps the localization of the sliding chairs.Next,to address the issue caused by the varying scales of the sliding chairs,we employ K-means++to optimize the priori selection of the initial anchor boxes.Finally,based on the images collected from real-world turnouts,the proposed method is verified and the results show that our method outperforms the basic YOLOv7 in the state identification of the sliding chairs with 4%improvements in terms of both mean Average Precision@0.5(mAP@0.5)and F1-score.

Numerical-Experimental Updating Identification of Elastic Behavior of a Composite Plate Using New Multi-Objective Optimization Procedure

This work focuses on the updating-based identification of the three-dimensional orthotropic elastic behavior of a thin carbon fiber reinforced plastic multilayer composite plate. This consists in identifying the engineering constants that minimize the relative deviations between the first eight experimental and three-dimensional finite element frequencies of the vibrating free plate. For this purpose, a multi-objective optimization procedure is applied;it exploits a Particle Swarm Optimizer algorithm (PSO) that is coupled to a metamodeling by the new response surfaces method procedure (NRSMP);the latter is based on numerical design experiments. The conducted sensitivity analyses indicate that the four engineering constants of the two-dimensional elasticity are the most influent.

基于改进YOLOv5s的矿业工作人员安全帽佩戴检测

针对矿井工作人员安全帽佩戴错检、漏检的问题,提出一种改进安全帽佩戴的检测方法,包括:在YOLOv5s基础上增加小目标检测层,以提高网络对小目标的检测效果;引入一种新的包围框相似度度量,以降低网络对小目标位置变化的敏感程度;重构模型的检测头,以加速网络收敛;重建模型中的特征提取模块,以提升网络对遮挡目标的检测能力。在自建数据集上完成消融实验,实验结果表明:改进后模型的识别精度较原YOLOv5s模型,平均精确率提升了2.1%,平均查全率提升了3.0%,平均查准率提升了1.9%。研究表明,改进后模型具备良好的检测精度,适用于复杂情况下的安全帽佩戴检测任务,对于保证工作人员安全具有积极意义。

基于MODIS时序数据的Landsat8影像选取及面向对象分类方法的农作物分类

利用遥感技术进行农作物分类,可近实时地获取各种农作物种植的空间分布状况,对于农业生产管理和农业政策制定等都具有十分重要的意义。为避免单时相遥感影像存在同物异谱、同谱异物的现象,提高以往基于MODIS数据提取农作物分布方法的精度,改善传统分类方法存在椒盐噪声及分类效率低的缺点,本文基于MODIS NDVI时间序列曲线,确定作物识别的最佳时段,结合辐射分辨率较高的多时相Landsat8 OLI影像,采用面向对象的分类方法,充分利用物候特征及光谱信息区分作物类别,并在黑龙江省重点产粮区-北安市进行应用,获得北安市各类农作物的空间分布信息。地面调查验证结果表明,该农作物类别识别方法分类效果较好,总体精度达90.7%,kappa系数为0.88。研究结果说明,基于多时相Landsat 8 OLI影像及面向对象分类的方法,并结合MODIS时间序列数据,可以高效、精确地提取农作物信息,应用潜力巨大。

高坝大库水库影响区判别要点与特殊水库影响型式探讨

水电工程水库影响区包括水库滑坡、变形库岸、塌岸、浸没、岩溶内涝和采空变形影响区等6类,相关规范对其判别原则与判别工作内容进行了规定,但鉴于地质条件复杂性和影响对象多样性,水库影响区判别地质工作中尚有一些认识有待统一。在多座大型水电站水库影响区判别实践经验的基础上,重点对水库滑坡、变形库岸、塌岸、浸没影响区判别中的要点进行了实例分析,并结合部分工程实例,对现有影响区类型之外的一些特殊水库影响型式如水库内涝影响区、水库泥石流影响的判定进行了阐述。

社区人群对缺血性脑卒中早期症状识别及溶栓治疗决策的现状调查

目的调查社区人群对缺血性脑卒中早期症状识别及溶栓治疗决策的现状。方法选取2022年1月—12月本辖区343名18岁以上常住居民,通过自制的社区人群对溶栓治疗缺血性脑卒中知识调查问卷进行调查。分析社区人群对缺血性脑卒中早期症状识别及溶栓治疗决策的调查结果。结果343名社区人群对缺血性脑卒中早期症状的知晓率为41.8%~53.6%,对缺血性脑卒中溶栓治疗决策的知晓率为32.4%~48.8%。结论社区居民对缺血性脑卒中早期识别及溶栓决策的相关知识知晓率较低,应结合社区居民的特点采用有效健康教育手段对其进行健康教育。

虚拟数字人在网络思想政治教育中的作用发挥

网络思想政治教育经历了从发生到启动、从探索到深化的发展进程。作为网络思想政治教育两大基本要素,主体和客体一直是学术界研究讨论的重要领域。虚拟数字人是具有多重人类特征的人工智能技术产物,在信息技术数字化、虚拟化、智能化的发展中,初步实现从数字人到虚拟人再到虚拟数字人的转变。这种转变促使其在网络思想政治教育的应用中凸显出虚拟性、交互性、沉浸性和自定性特点,一方面能够提升网络思想政治教育话语效力,强化客体认同感,另一方面也能推动网络思想政治教育生活化渗透,助力其作用发挥。但目前虚拟数字人技术尚不成熟,相关伦理问题有待商榷,也面临着诸如强制性灌输、主体性丧失、人机关系异化的现实困境。

Range expansion of the invasive cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley: An increasing threat to agricultural and horticultural crops in China

The globally invasive cotton mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley,has recently invaded several Chinese regions,and continues to expand its range.This mealybug is a polyphagous insect pest,with at least 200 host plants from 63 families,including cotton,food crops,fruits,ornamental plants,tobacco,and vegetables.Here,we describe the first finding of P.solenopsis in Shandong Province,and investigate the abundances of its natural enemies(predator Coccinella septempunctata L.and parasitoid Aenasius bambawalei Hayat).All three species were detected from ornamental and weed species in Linyi,Shandong,in September 2018,and were positively identified using DNA barcoding.BLAST analysis revealed significant identity(99.38-100%) between sequences of P.solenopsis obtained in this study and those published in the past.This invasive pest represents a major potential threat to agri-horticulture in Shandong,which is a key province of China for production and export of many vegetables,flowers,fruits,and other crops.This mealybug species has a wide range of potential distribution in Shandong and is easily dispersed with agricultural and horticultural transport products.Further monitoring and management strategies are required to limit the spread of this pest species.