Agricultural Investment Project Decisions Based on an Interactive Preference Disaggregation Model Considering Inconsistency

Agricultural investment project selection is a complex multi-criteria decision-making problem,as agricultural projects are easily influenced by various risk factors,and the evaluation information provided by decisionmakers usually involves uncertainty and inconsistency.Existing literature primarily employed direct preference elicitation methods to address such issues,necessitating a great cognitive effort on the part of decision-makers during evaluation,specifically,determining the weights of criteria.In this study,we propose an indirect preference elicitation method,known as a preference disaggregation method,to learn decision-maker preference models fromdecision examples.To enhance evaluation ease,decision-makers merely need to compare pairs of alternatives with which they are familiar,also known as reference alternatives.Probabilistic linguistic preference relations are employed to account for the presence of incomplete and uncertain information in such pairwise comparisons.To address the inconsistency among a group of decision-makers,we develop a pair of 0-1mixed integer programming models that consider both the semantics of linguistic terms and the belief degrees of decision-makers.Finally,we conduct a case study and comparative analysis.Results reveal the effectiveness of the proposed model in solving agricultural investment project selection problems with uncertain and inconsistent decision information.

Multi-Criteria Decision-Making for Power Grid Construction Project Investment Ranking Based on the Prospect Theory Improved by Rewarding Good and Punishing Bad Linear Transformation

Using the improved prospect theory with the linear transformations of rewarding good and punishing bad(RGPBIT),a new investment ranking model for power grid construction projects(PGCPs)is proposed.Given the uncertainty of each index value under the market environment,fuzzy numbers are used to describe qualitative indicators and interval numbers are used to describe quantitative ones.Taking into account decision-maker’s subjective risk attitudes,a multi-criteria decision-making(MCDM)method based on improved prospect theory is proposed.First,the[−1,1]RGPBIT operator is proposed to normalize the original data,to obtain the best andworst schemes of PGCPs.Furthermore,the correlation coefficients between interval/fuzzy numbers and the best/worst schemes are defined and introduced to the prospect theory to improve its value function and loss function,and the positive and negative prospect value matrices of the project are obtained.Then,the optimization model with the maximum comprehensive prospect value is constructed,the optimal attribute weight is determined,and the PGCPs are ranked accordingly.Taking four PGCPs of the IEEERTS-79 node system as examples,an illustration of the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method is provided.

Determination of the Financing Scale,Time Limit and Returns from the Investment in BOT Projects

The key aspect to the successful implementation of BOT concept is the raising of finance by project sponsor,so financial engineering techniques and capital structuring skills are required to find the proper mix of debt and equity.The capital structure and present a model to determine the equity level from the aspects of financing scale,construction time and return on investment are analyzed.The resulting model can help the sponsor to avoid the capital risk,and offer the government a criterion to evaluate management ability of the sponsor.To show the application and availability of this model,a case study is conducted.Thus,this paper is concern with the determination of financing scale,construction time,and return on investment which would assist the sponsor to ensure that the equity level for optimal capital structure is available prior to the implementation stage in BOT project operation.

Consensus‑based multidimensional due diligence of fintech‑enhanced green energy investment projects

The purpose of this study is to provide a hybrid group decision-making approach to evaluate fintech-based financial alternatives for green energy investment projects.First,the multidimensional factors of due diligence for fintech-based financing alternatives of green energy investment projects are identified.In this regard,the balanced scorecard perspectives are considered.Next,consensus-based group decision-making analysis is performed.Second,impact-relation directions for fintech-based financing alternatives of green energy investment projects are defined.For this purpose,the spherical fuzzy Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory(DEMATEL)methodology is applied.The novelty of this study is its proposal of a new outlook to due diligence of fintech-project financing for renewable energy investments by using the group and integrated decision-making approaches with spherical fuzzy DEMATEL.The findings indicate that customer expectations are the most essential factor for the revenue sharing and rewarding models.Additionally,this study identified that organizational competency plays the most important role with respect to the peer-to-business debt model.In contrast,the conclusion was reached that financial returns have the greatest importance for the equity sharing model.

Analysis of the Characteristics of Project Financing

Project financing is independent on the sponsors credit or tangible assets, but in the project's expected reliable, stable cash flow and future earnings as the fund source, and mainly to the project entity assets as a debt security financing. It will be of great theoretical and practical significance by conducting a detailed research on related concept and characteristics.

A hybrid heterogeneous Pythagorean fuzzy group decision modelling for crowdfunding development process pathways of fintech‑based clean energy investment projects

This study aims to evaluate the crowdfunding alternatives regarding new service development process pathways of clean energy investment projects.In this framework,a new model has been generated by considering the consensus-based group decisionmaking with incomplete preferences,Pythagorean fuzzy decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory(DEMATEL)and technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution(TOPSIS).Moreover,a comparative evaluation has been performed with Vise Kriterijumska Optimizacija I.Kompromisno Resenje methodology and sensitivity analysis has been made by considering 4 different cases.The main contribution is to identify appropriate crowdfunding-based funding alternatives for the improvement of the clean energy investments with a novel MCDM model.By considering the iteration technique and consensus-based analysis,the missing parts in the evaluations can be completed and opposite opinion problems can be reduced.Furthermore,with the help of hybrid MCDM model by combining DEMATEL and TOPSIS,more objective results can be reached.It is concluded that the analysis results are coherent and reliable.The findings indicate that the full launch is the most significant criterion for equity and debt-based crowdfunding alternatives.On the other side,the analysis has the highest weight for reward and donation-based alternatives whereas design is the most essential item regarding the royalty-based alternative.Additionally,it is also defined that equity-based crowdfunding alternative is the most significant for the service development process of clean energy investment projects.In this way,it will be possible to provide a continuous resource for clean energy investment projects.On the other hand,by providing financing with equity,there will be no fixed financing cost for clean energy investors.If these investors make a profit,they distribute dividends with the decision of their authorized bodies.

IT Project Evaluation and Investment Decision

There are many kinds of real options,which are valuable,in each phase of the lifetime of an information technology(IT)project.However,in the current IT investment decision theory,real options that embedded in IT projects are not considered. In this paper, the process of IT project decision and implementation is fully analyzed, the real options that may be embedded in an IT project are identified, and a real option analysis (ROA) method is proposed for evaluation of an IT project under uncertain business environment. ROA employs Black-Scholes expansion model and cancels the assumption that the cost of project is certain. The numerical example manifests that the ROA can better evaluate IT project and select the IT investment alternative. Finally, a road map is provided to help selecting the suitable evaluation method to make IT investment decision.

Establishment and optimization of project investment risk income models on the basis of probability χ distribution

In this paper, two kinds of models are presented and optimized for project investment risk income on the basis of probability χ distribution. One kind of model being proved has only a maximal value and another kind being proved has no extreme values.

DEBT MATURITY STRUCTURE IN PROJECT FINANCING

Based on the concept of debt duration,this paper proposes the elasticity of cash flow.Then,the debt maturity structure in project financing is discussed.The results show that in the project financing structure,the debt maturity structure is closely related with debt capacity.Higher debt ratio requires short term debt,and vise versa.

Innovation and Development Strategies of Investment and Financing Modes for Circular Economy

Circular economy adapts to large-scale production, has higher requirement on technical level, and possesses positive externality. There- fore, circular economy requires a lot of financial support. Facing investment and financing problems of circular economy by enterprise, the govern- ment should strengthen the regulatory role, increase investment support on circular economy, strengthen the bank＇s green credit business, reduce barriers to business loans, diversify financing channels for enterprises, guide social investment＇s flow direction, and promote circular economy form- ing larger scale, thereby providing policy support for building a resource-saving and environment-friendly society.

Research on Mechanism of Diversified Investment and Financing in Building Ecological Cities

Ecological city is the advanced mode of harmonious development of city. Constant improvement is being made in the development of ecological city. However, building ecological city is an enormous project that calls for a huge amount of capital. The government fund is far from adequate. This paper probes into the fund issue and discusses in detail the mechanism of investment and financing in building ecological city from various aspects such as diversification of the investment subjects and the modes of financing.

Financing constraints and corporate investment:an empirical analysis of china’s manufacturing firms

With the measurement of dividend payout ratio, logistic regression index value and the firm size financing constraints, this paper investigated the investment behavior of China’s manufacturing firms over the period from 1998 to 2003, and the relationship between financing constraints and corporate investment using the OLS regression method. The empirical evidence shows that there are certain extent financing constraints in China’s manufacturing firms, but the results are different with different variables to measure the financing constraints.

Static and Dynamic Indicators in the Analysis of Internal Sources of Companies＇ Investments Financing

The Republic of Serbia is characterized by an unsatisfactory macroeconomic environment. Under the conditions of an evident shortage of liquid assets, the financial capital has moved from real to the financial sector, which led companies to over-indebtedness and shutdown of their own capacities. Therefore, capital investments largely depend on internal financing sources and the ability of companies to internally generate funds for investments. In this regard, an emphasis is placed on the difference in the assessment of the company＇s investment capacity based on internal financing sources, which are measured using static and dynamic indicators in order to prove the necessity of applying dynamic coefficients, which are unfortunately not present in our domestic practice. The paper examines and proves the advantages of the use of the dynamic approach for such analyses using the example of energy sector, which is one of the most important branches in Serbian economy.

Foreign Investment Projects(Yinan County,Shandong Province)

1 Shandong Shengle Shoemaking Industrial Group Corp. To import two advanced high-grade shoe material production lines, one for dry processing and the other for wet processing, and printing and environment monitoring equipment for the production of high-grade vamp materials. 2 Shandong Yimeng To import production equipment for

Thoughts on Promoting the Investment and Financing Development of Enterprises'Intellectual Property Rights from the Perspective of Intellectual Property Strategy

With the in-depth implementation of China's intellectual property strategy,the situation of intellectual property protection in China has been further improved,the enthusiasm of the public for entrepreneurship and innovation has been further stimulated,people's awareness of intellectual property rights has been further enhanced,and the value of intellectual property rights has been further recognized by people.As a new economic form,"intellectual property economy"plays an increasingly important role in our socialist market economy.At the same time,China's intellectual property still faces some prominent problems,especially in the field of intellectual property investment and financing,such as difficult valuation,management and liquidation.From the perspective of the implementation of intellectual property strategy and starting from the investment and financing of intellectual property rights of small and medium-sized enterprises,this paper introduces the basic concepts of intellectual property investment and financing,the development status and existing problems of intellectual property investment and financing of small and medium-sized enterprises,and puts forward some suggestions for improving the investment and financing policy of intellectual property rights.

Gansu Province Seeking Investment Projects

(1) Technical transformation of the ICproduction lineChinese enterprise : Tian Guang IC Factorysubordinated to the Gansu Electronics IndustryCorp.Contents : import advanced IC productionequipment and technology to enlarge theproduction scale, achieving an annualproduction capacity of 100 million items ofICs.

Research on the Influence of Debt Financing on Corporate Investment--Based on Political Relations Perspective

we have done the research on the influence of debt financing on corporate investment Based on political relations perspective. The results show that the impact of debt financing on corporate investment from the political perspective and confirmed debt financing is more easily lead to inefficient investment under the influence of political relations.

Qinghai's Projects Encouraging Foreign Investment

1. Agriculture, Forestry, Animal Husbandry, Fishery and Relevant Industries 1) Reclamation and development of waste land and hills,transformation of medium-to-low output land and forest; 2) Development of new varieties of good quality and high output agricultural crops such as cereals, oils, fruits, vegetables, flowers and forage grass;

Investment Projects in Qingdao High-Tech Industrial Park

—The project to produce one million lines in program-controlled exchanges by the Qingdao and AT&T Corporation, USA, undertook a study report at the end of 1993. The formal contract is expected to be signed in 1994. Construction of workshops is about to begin in the industrial park. —The Hewlett-Packard Co. of USA has decided to set up a joint venture in