A REVIEW OF CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTIVE MEASURES IN ARCHITECTURE WITHIN TEMPERATE CLIMATE ZONES

Since a large portion of greenhouse gases are emitted by the building sector,there has been a push towards sustainable low energy architecture,which could help mitigate the effects of climate change.Although climate change is considered inevitable,adaptive measures must be taken in the field of architecture to alleviate its impact.Creating an overview of the state of the art in the field of architecture as it adapts to climate change will help identify the problems and possibilities of architectural adaptation.The aim must be to create buildings that are as suitable to the current climate as they are to the climate of the future and maintain an ability to resist the impacts of climate change;this ability to resist potential change is defined as adaptive capacity.It is challenging to reconcile the energy requirements for contemporary buildings with rising temperatures and extreme weather in temperate climate zones.The literature on the subject is explored through iterative searches in scientific databases.In discussions about the possible adaptations to climate change,there needs to be a focus on human adaptation facilitated by architecture and the built environment’s utilization and support of ecosystem services in adaptation strategies,since the scope of climate change reaches beyond the singular building.There are plenty of strategies and technologies from which to draw but little focus on how these should support the design of a building and its inhabitants.In the future it will be necessary to look at the adaptive capacity of a building itself and how the building can benefit its surroundings.

Automatically multi-paradigm requirements modeling and analyzing:An ontology-based approach

There are several purposes for modeling and analyzing the problem domain before starting the software requirements analysis. First, it focuses on the problem domain, so that the domain users could be involved easily. Secondly, a comprehensive description on the problem domain will advantage getting a comprehensive software requirements model. This paper proposes an ontology-based approach for mod- eling the problem domain. It interacts with the domain users by using terminology that they can under- stand and guides them to provide the relevant information. A multiple paradigm analysis approach, with the basis of the description on the problem domain, has also been presented. Three criteria, i.e. the ra- tionality of organization structure, the achievability of organization goals, and the feasibility of organiza- tion process, have been proposed. The results of the analysis could be used as feedbacks for guiding the domain users to provide further information on the problem domain. And those models on the problem domain could be a kind of document for the pre-requirements analysis phase. They also will be the basis for further software requirements modeling.