Photodynamic therapy(PDT)is a minimally invasive method for treating oral leukoplakia In this paper,we propose a portable PDT device consisting of a flexible circuit board with a liquid flow cooling module on the back...Photodynamic therapy(PDT)is a minimally invasive method for treating oral leukoplakia In this paper,we propose a portable PDT device consisting of a flexible circuit board with a liquid flow cooling module on the back.The light source size was 17 mm×11 mm×4 mm,and the iradiation area of the light source was up to 100mm'.The iradiance range of this device was from 10mW/cm^(2)to 100mW/cm^(2).Simulation and experimental results showed that the irradiance cofficient variation for a treatment area of 81 mm was less than 7%.At an irradiance of 100 mW/cm a device surface temperature of lower than 42℃ can be achieved to satisfy the safety requirements under the con-ditions that the temperature of cooling liquid is 10℃ and the liquid flow speed is above 12 mL/min.展开更多
Materials are stil one of the main technical bottlenecks restricting the development of fusion reactors.Reduced activated ferritic/martensitic steel(RAFM)is considered one of the main candidate structural materials fo...Materials are stil one of the main technical bottlenecks restricting the development of fusion reactors.Reduced activated ferritic/martensitic steel(RAFM)is considered one of the main candidate structural materials for fusion reactor cladding due to its good radiation resistance and mechanical properties.In the past 40 years,RAFM steel has made considerable progress,but numerous problems remain to be solved.The improvements in RAFM steel in recent years,such as chemical composition optimization,clean preparation technology,radiation performance,and applicable welding technology,were systematically summarized.A systematic review of new RAFM steels was conducted,the development direction of the traditional smelting process was analyzed,and the application of laser additive manufacturing technology to RAFM steel was introduced.The effect of rradiation on the microstructure and mechanical properties of RAFM steel was described,and welding methods of RAFM steel and their research progress were reviewed.Finally,the potential applications of Si,Ti,and Zr in improving the performance of RAFM steel,electroslag remelting technology in clean smelting,heat treatment process in optimizing radiation performance,and laser-beam welding in RAFM welding were prospected and summarized.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.81773349)the Program for New Clinical Techniques and Therapies of Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology(Grant No.PKUSSNCT-21A13).
文摘Photodynamic therapy(PDT)is a minimally invasive method for treating oral leukoplakia In this paper,we propose a portable PDT device consisting of a flexible circuit board with a liquid flow cooling module on the back.The light source size was 17 mm×11 mm×4 mm,and the iradiation area of the light source was up to 100mm'.The iradiance range of this device was from 10mW/cm^(2)to 100mW/cm^(2).Simulation and experimental results showed that the irradiance cofficient variation for a treatment area of 81 mm was less than 7%.At an irradiance of 100 mW/cm a device surface temperature of lower than 42℃ can be achieved to satisfy the safety requirements under the con-ditions that the temperature of cooling liquid is 10℃ and the liquid flow speed is above 12 mL/min.
基金support from Natural ScienceFoundation of Hebei Province(No.E2021417001)Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(No.2021JQ-502)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51874081).
文摘Materials are stil one of the main technical bottlenecks restricting the development of fusion reactors.Reduced activated ferritic/martensitic steel(RAFM)is considered one of the main candidate structural materials for fusion reactor cladding due to its good radiation resistance and mechanical properties.In the past 40 years,RAFM steel has made considerable progress,but numerous problems remain to be solved.The improvements in RAFM steel in recent years,such as chemical composition optimization,clean preparation technology,radiation performance,and applicable welding technology,were systematically summarized.A systematic review of new RAFM steels was conducted,the development direction of the traditional smelting process was analyzed,and the application of laser additive manufacturing technology to RAFM steel was introduced.The effect of rradiation on the microstructure and mechanical properties of RAFM steel was described,and welding methods of RAFM steel and their research progress were reviewed.Finally,the potential applications of Si,Ti,and Zr in improving the performance of RAFM steel,electroslag remelting technology in clean smelting,heat treatment process in optimizing radiation performance,and laser-beam welding in RAFM welding were prospected and summarized.
