Stroke patients with hemiplegia exhibit flexor spasms in the upper limb and extensor spasms in the lower limb, and their movement patterns vary greatly. Constraint-induced movement therapy is an upper limb rehabilitat...Stroke patients with hemiplegia exhibit flexor spasms in the upper limb and extensor spasms in the lower limb, and their movement patterns vary greatly. Constraint-induced movement therapy is an upper limb rehabilitation technique used in stroke patients with hemiplegia; however, studies of lower extremity rehabilitation are scarce. In this study, stroke patients with lower limb hemiplegia underwent conventional Bobath therapy for 4 weeks as baseline treatment, followed by constraint-induced movement therapy for an additional 4 weeks. The 10-m maximum walking speed and Berg balance scale scores significantly improved following treatment, and lower extremity motor function also improved. The results of functional MRI showed that constraint-induced movement therapy alleviates the reduction in cerebral functional activation in patients, which indicates activation of functional brain regions and a significant increase in cerebral blood perfusJon. These results demonstrate that constraint-induced movement therapy promotes brain functional reorganization in stroke patients with lower limb hemiplegia.展开更多
In this study, stroke patients received constraint-induced movement therapy for 3 weeks. Before and after constraint-induced movement therapy, the flexibility of their upper limbs on the affected side was assessed usi...In this study, stroke patients received constraint-induced movement therapy for 3 weeks. Before and after constraint-induced movement therapy, the flexibility of their upper limbs on the affected side was assessed using the Wolf motor function test, and daily use of their affected limbs was assessed using the movement activities log, and cerebral functional reorganization was assessed by functional magnetic resonance imaging. The Wolf motor function test score and the movement activities log quantity and quality scores were significantly increased, while action performance time in the Wolf motor function test was significantly decreased after constraint-induced movement therapy. By functional magnetic resonance imaging examination, only scattered activation points were visible on the affected side before therapy. In contrast, the volume of the activated area was increased after therapy. The activation volume in the sensorimotor area was significantly different before and after therapy, and the activation area increased and appeared adjusted. In addition to the activated area around the lesions being decreased, there were also some new activated areas, including the supplementary movement area, premotor area and the ipsilateral sensorimotor area. Our findings indicate that constraint-induced movement therapy significantly improves the movement ability and daily use of the affected upper limbs in stroke patients and promotes cerebral functional reorganization.展开更多
OBJECTIVE： The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of constraint-induced movement therapy in acute and sub-acute stroke. DATA SOURCES： The key words were stroke, cerebrovascular accident,...OBJECTIVE： The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of constraint-induced movement therapy in acute and sub-acute stroke. DATA SOURCES： The key words were stroke, cerebrovascular accident, constraint-induced therapy, forced use, and randomized controlled trial. The databases, including China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang, Weipu Information Resources System, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, PubMed, Med- line, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, were searched for studies on randomized controlled trials for treating acute or sub-acute stroke published before March 2016. DATA SELECTION： We retrieved relevant randomized controlled trials that compared constraint-induced movement therapy in treatment of acute or sub-acute stroke with traditional rehabilitation therapy （tradi- tional occupational therapy）. Patients were older than 18 years, had disease courses less than 6 months, and were evaluated with at least one upper extremity function scale. Study quality was evaluated, and data that met the criteria were extracted. Stata 11.0 software was used for the meta-analysis. OUTCOME MEASURES： Fugl-Meyer motor assessment of the arm, the action research-arm test, a motor activity log for amount of use and quality of movement, the Wolf motor function test, and a modified Bar- thel index. RESULTS： A total of 16 prospective randomized controlled trials （379 patients in the constraint-induced movement-therapy group and 359 in the control group） met inclusion criteria. Analysis showed significant mean differences in favor of constraint-induced movement therapy for the Fugl-Meyer motor assessment of the arm （weighted mean difference （WMD） = 10.822; 95% confidence intervals （95% CI）： 7.419-14.226）, the action research-arm test （WMD = 10.718; 95% CI： 5.704-15.733）, the motor activity log for amount of use and quality of movement （WMD = 0.812; 95% CI： 0.331-1.293） and the modified Barthel index （WMD = 10.706; 95% CI： 4.417-16.966）. CONCLUSION： Constraint-induced movement therapy may be more beneficial than traditional rehabili- tation therapy for improving upper limb function after acute or sub-acute stroke.展开更多
Constraint-induced movement therapy is an effective rehabilitative training technique used to improve the restoration of impaired upper extremity movement after stroke. However, whether constraint-induced movement the...Constraint-induced movement therapy is an effective rehabilitative training technique used to improve the restoration of impaired upper extremity movement after stroke. However, whether constraint-induced movement therapy is more effective than conventional rehabilitation in acute or sub-acute stroke remains controversial. The aim of the present study was to identify the optimal time to start constraint-induced movement therapy after ischemic stroke and to explore the mechanisms by which constraint-induced movement therapy leads to post-stroke recovery. Sixty-four adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham-surgery group, cerebral ischemia/reperfusion group, early constraint-induced movement therapy group, and late constraint-induced movement therapy group. Rat models of left middle cerebral artery occlusion were established according to the Zea Longa line embolism method. Constraint-induced movement therapy was conducted starting on day 1 or day 14 in the early constraint-induced movement therapy and late constraint-induced movement therapy groups, respectively. To explore the effect of each intervention time on neuromotor function, behavioral function was assessed using a balance beam walking test before surgery and at 8 and 21 days after surgery. The expression levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, nerve growth factor and Nogo receptor were evaluated using real time-polymerase chain reaction and western blot assay to assess the effect of each intervention time. The results showed that the behavioral score was significantly lower in the early constraint-induced movement therapy group than in the cerebral ischemia/reperfusion and late constraint-induced movement therapy groups at 8 days. At 21 days, the scores had significantly decreased in the early constraint-induced movement therapy and late constraint-induced movement therapy groups. At 8 days, only mild pyknosis appeared in neurons of the ischemic penumbra in the early constraint-induced movement therapy group, which was distinctly better than in the cerebral ischemia/reperfusion group. At 21 days, only a few vacuolated cells were observed and no obvious inflammatory cells were visible in late constraint-induced movement therapy group, which was much better than at 8 days. The mRNA and protein expression levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and nerve growth factor were significantly higher, but expression levels of Nogo receptor were significantly lower in the early constraint-induced movement therapy group compared with the cerebral ischemia/reperfusion and late constraint-induced movement therapy groups at 8 days. The changes in expression levels at 21 days were larger but similar in both the early constraint-induced movement therapy and late constraint-induced movement therapy groups. Besides, the protein nerve growth factor level was higher in the late constraint-induced movement therapy group than in the early constraint-induced movement therapy group at 21 days. These results suggest that both early(1 day) and late(14 days) constraint-induced movement therapy induces molecular plasticity and facilitates functional recovery after ischemic stroke, as illustrated by the histology. The mechanism may be associated with downregulation of Nogo receptor expression and upregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and nerve growth factor expression.展开更多
目的:本研究探讨上肢机器人分离运动训练改善脑卒中患者上肢运动功能的疗效,并通过分析其经颅磁刺激运动诱发电位(transcranial magnetic stimulation motor-evoked potential,MEP),进一步探讨其相关机制。方法:招募符合条件的脑卒中患...目的:本研究探讨上肢机器人分离运动训练改善脑卒中患者上肢运动功能的疗效,并通过分析其经颅磁刺激运动诱发电位(transcranial magnetic stimulation motor-evoked potential,MEP),进一步探讨其相关机制。方法:招募符合条件的脑卒中患者作为研究对象并随机分为试验组(n=21)和对照组(n=23),试验组进行固定轨迹(肘关节屈曲伸直、肩关节内收外展的分离运动)的上肢机器人训练,对照组进行随意运动轨迹(够取物品的复合动作)的上肢机器人训练。两组的机器人训练均1次/天,20min/次,5次/周,连续3周;对两组患者分别进行Fugl-Meyer上肢运动功能评分(Fugl-Meyer assessment of upper extremity,FMA-UE)和改良Barthel指数(modified Barthel index,MBI)的评定。检测两组患者治疗前后MEP的潜伏期以及中枢运动传导时间(central motor conduction time,CMCT)。结果:治疗3周后试验组患者的FMA-UE、MBI评分及MEP与治疗前比较均有改善(P<0.05),对照组患者的FMAUE、MBI评分、MEP与治疗前比无明显差异(P>0.05);治疗3周后组间比较,两组患者的FMA-UE、MBI评分及MEP无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论:上肢机器人的分离运动训练能改善脑卒中患者上肢运动功能,提高脑卒中患者日常生活自理能力,这可能与增强了脑卒中患者的脑功能重塑有关。展开更多
目的研讨神经肌肉电刺激(Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation,NMES)配合核心稳定性练习治疗对脑卒中患者肢体活动功能及神经功能的影响。方法简单随机选取2021年3月—2023年9月福建中医药大学附属康复医院收治的60例脑卒中患者作为...目的研讨神经肌肉电刺激(Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation,NMES)配合核心稳定性练习治疗对脑卒中患者肢体活动功能及神经功能的影响。方法简单随机选取2021年3月—2023年9月福建中医药大学附属康复医院收治的60例脑卒中患者作为研究对象,采用随机数表法分为两组,对照组(30例)单纯行核心稳定性练习,观察组(30例)基于对照组练习条件予以NMES治疗。比较两组的肢体活动功能、步行能力以及神经功能。结果干预后,观察组Fugly-Meyer运动功能评分量表(Fugly Meyer Motor Function Rating Scale,FMA)上、下肢得分及总分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。干预后,观察组功能性步行分级(Functional Walking Classification,FAC)评级结果优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,观察组卒中评估量表(National Institutes of Health Stroke Assessment Scale,NIHSS)得分(9.87±2.23)分低于对照组(12.01±2.85)分,差异有统计学意义(t=3.239,P<0.05)。结论NMES配合核心稳定性练习能够更有效改善脑卒中患者的肢体活动功能以及神经功能,加快恢复其步行能力。展开更多
文摘Stroke patients with hemiplegia exhibit flexor spasms in the upper limb and extensor spasms in the lower limb, and their movement patterns vary greatly. Constraint-induced movement therapy is an upper limb rehabilitation technique used in stroke patients with hemiplegia; however, studies of lower extremity rehabilitation are scarce. In this study, stroke patients with lower limb hemiplegia underwent conventional Bobath therapy for 4 weeks as baseline treatment, followed by constraint-induced movement therapy for an additional 4 weeks. The 10-m maximum walking speed and Berg balance scale scores significantly improved following treatment, and lower extremity motor function also improved. The results of functional MRI showed that constraint-induced movement therapy alleviates the reduction in cerebral functional activation in patients, which indicates activation of functional brain regions and a significant increase in cerebral blood perfusJon. These results demonstrate that constraint-induced movement therapy promotes brain functional reorganization in stroke patients with lower limb hemiplegia.
基金funded by Capital Medical Development Foundation, No. 2009-2098
文摘In this study, stroke patients received constraint-induced movement therapy for 3 weeks. Before and after constraint-induced movement therapy, the flexibility of their upper limbs on the affected side was assessed using the Wolf motor function test, and daily use of their affected limbs was assessed using the movement activities log, and cerebral functional reorganization was assessed by functional magnetic resonance imaging. The Wolf motor function test score and the movement activities log quantity and quality scores were significantly increased, while action performance time in the Wolf motor function test was significantly decreased after constraint-induced movement therapy. By functional magnetic resonance imaging examination, only scattered activation points were visible on the affected side before therapy. In contrast, the volume of the activated area was increased after therapy. The activation volume in the sensorimotor area was significantly different before and after therapy, and the activation area increased and appeared adjusted. In addition to the activated area around the lesions being decreased, there were also some new activated areas, including the supplementary movement area, premotor area and the ipsilateral sensorimotor area. Our findings indicate that constraint-induced movement therapy significantly improves the movement ability and daily use of the affected upper limbs in stroke patients and promotes cerebral functional reorganization.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China,No.2014ZRB14502
文摘OBJECTIVE： The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of constraint-induced movement therapy in acute and sub-acute stroke. DATA SOURCES： The key words were stroke, cerebrovascular accident, constraint-induced therapy, forced use, and randomized controlled trial. The databases, including China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang, Weipu Information Resources System, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, PubMed, Med- line, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, were searched for studies on randomized controlled trials for treating acute or sub-acute stroke published before March 2016. DATA SELECTION： We retrieved relevant randomized controlled trials that compared constraint-induced movement therapy in treatment of acute or sub-acute stroke with traditional rehabilitation therapy （tradi- tional occupational therapy）. Patients were older than 18 years, had disease courses less than 6 months, and were evaluated with at least one upper extremity function scale. Study quality was evaluated, and data that met the criteria were extracted. Stata 11.0 software was used for the meta-analysis. OUTCOME MEASURES： Fugl-Meyer motor assessment of the arm, the action research-arm test, a motor activity log for amount of use and quality of movement, the Wolf motor function test, and a modified Bar- thel index. RESULTS： A total of 16 prospective randomized controlled trials （379 patients in the constraint-induced movement-therapy group and 359 in the control group） met inclusion criteria. Analysis showed significant mean differences in favor of constraint-induced movement therapy for the Fugl-Meyer motor assessment of the arm （weighted mean difference （WMD） = 10.822; 95% confidence intervals （95% CI）： 7.419-14.226）, the action research-arm test （WMD = 10.718; 95% CI： 5.704-15.733）, the motor activity log for amount of use and quality of movement （WMD = 0.812; 95% CI： 0.331-1.293） and the modified Barthel index （WMD = 10.706; 95% CI： 4.417-16.966）. CONCLUSION： Constraint-induced movement therapy may be more beneficial than traditional rehabili- tation therapy for improving upper limb function after acute or sub-acute stroke.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China,No.2014ZRB14502(to XHL)
文摘Constraint-induced movement therapy is an effective rehabilitative training technique used to improve the restoration of impaired upper extremity movement after stroke. However, whether constraint-induced movement therapy is more effective than conventional rehabilitation in acute or sub-acute stroke remains controversial. The aim of the present study was to identify the optimal time to start constraint-induced movement therapy after ischemic stroke and to explore the mechanisms by which constraint-induced movement therapy leads to post-stroke recovery. Sixty-four adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham-surgery group, cerebral ischemia/reperfusion group, early constraint-induced movement therapy group, and late constraint-induced movement therapy group. Rat models of left middle cerebral artery occlusion were established according to the Zea Longa line embolism method. Constraint-induced movement therapy was conducted starting on day 1 or day 14 in the early constraint-induced movement therapy and late constraint-induced movement therapy groups, respectively. To explore the effect of each intervention time on neuromotor function, behavioral function was assessed using a balance beam walking test before surgery and at 8 and 21 days after surgery. The expression levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, nerve growth factor and Nogo receptor were evaluated using real time-polymerase chain reaction and western blot assay to assess the effect of each intervention time. The results showed that the behavioral score was significantly lower in the early constraint-induced movement therapy group than in the cerebral ischemia/reperfusion and late constraint-induced movement therapy groups at 8 days. At 21 days, the scores had significantly decreased in the early constraint-induced movement therapy and late constraint-induced movement therapy groups. At 8 days, only mild pyknosis appeared in neurons of the ischemic penumbra in the early constraint-induced movement therapy group, which was distinctly better than in the cerebral ischemia/reperfusion group. At 21 days, only a few vacuolated cells were observed and no obvious inflammatory cells were visible in late constraint-induced movement therapy group, which was much better than at 8 days. The mRNA and protein expression levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and nerve growth factor were significantly higher, but expression levels of Nogo receptor were significantly lower in the early constraint-induced movement therapy group compared with the cerebral ischemia/reperfusion and late constraint-induced movement therapy groups at 8 days. The changes in expression levels at 21 days were larger but similar in both the early constraint-induced movement therapy and late constraint-induced movement therapy groups. Besides, the protein nerve growth factor level was higher in the late constraint-induced movement therapy group than in the early constraint-induced movement therapy group at 21 days. These results suggest that both early(1 day) and late(14 days) constraint-induced movement therapy induces molecular plasticity and facilitates functional recovery after ischemic stroke, as illustrated by the histology. The mechanism may be associated with downregulation of Nogo receptor expression and upregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and nerve growth factor expression.
文摘目的:本研究探讨上肢机器人分离运动训练改善脑卒中患者上肢运动功能的疗效,并通过分析其经颅磁刺激运动诱发电位(transcranial magnetic stimulation motor-evoked potential,MEP),进一步探讨其相关机制。方法:招募符合条件的脑卒中患者作为研究对象并随机分为试验组(n=21)和对照组(n=23),试验组进行固定轨迹(肘关节屈曲伸直、肩关节内收外展的分离运动)的上肢机器人训练,对照组进行随意运动轨迹(够取物品的复合动作)的上肢机器人训练。两组的机器人训练均1次/天,20min/次,5次/周,连续3周;对两组患者分别进行Fugl-Meyer上肢运动功能评分(Fugl-Meyer assessment of upper extremity,FMA-UE)和改良Barthel指数(modified Barthel index,MBI)的评定。检测两组患者治疗前后MEP的潜伏期以及中枢运动传导时间(central motor conduction time,CMCT)。结果:治疗3周后试验组患者的FMA-UE、MBI评分及MEP与治疗前比较均有改善(P<0.05),对照组患者的FMAUE、MBI评分、MEP与治疗前比无明显差异(P>0.05);治疗3周后组间比较,两组患者的FMA-UE、MBI评分及MEP无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论:上肢机器人的分离运动训练能改善脑卒中患者上肢运动功能,提高脑卒中患者日常生活自理能力,这可能与增强了脑卒中患者的脑功能重塑有关。
文摘目的研讨神经肌肉电刺激(Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation,NMES)配合核心稳定性练习治疗对脑卒中患者肢体活动功能及神经功能的影响。方法简单随机选取2021年3月—2023年9月福建中医药大学附属康复医院收治的60例脑卒中患者作为研究对象,采用随机数表法分为两组,对照组(30例)单纯行核心稳定性练习,观察组(30例)基于对照组练习条件予以NMES治疗。比较两组的肢体活动功能、步行能力以及神经功能。结果干预后,观察组Fugly-Meyer运动功能评分量表(Fugly Meyer Motor Function Rating Scale,FMA)上、下肢得分及总分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。干预后,观察组功能性步行分级(Functional Walking Classification,FAC)评级结果优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,观察组卒中评估量表(National Institutes of Health Stroke Assessment Scale,NIHSS)得分(9.87±2.23)分低于对照组(12.01±2.85)分,差异有统计学意义(t=3.239,P<0.05)。结论NMES配合核心稳定性练习能够更有效改善脑卒中患者的肢体活动功能以及神经功能,加快恢复其步行能力。
