Jade ware Jue is one of the most fashionable ornament in ancient China from the Neolithic Age to the Han Dynasty.In this study,the remnants of jade ware Jue,from Lijiashan ancient tomb group have been tested and analy...Jade ware Jue is one of the most fashionable ornament in ancient China from the Neolithic Age to the Han Dynasty.In this study,the remnants of jade ware Jue,from Lijiashan ancient tomb group have been tested and analyzed respectively.The samples through a light etch surface showing glass luster and those with a severe etch surface showing earthen luster.With the aid of X-ray fluorescence Spectrometer(X-ray Fluorescence)test and X-ray diffraction(XRD)detection,the results show that tremolite is not the main mineral of the sample.The main components of the tested samples with light erosion are antigorite and talc,although the main components of the samples with severe erosion are calcite containing calcium carbonate barium.Furthermore,the research on jade ware Jue in Yunnan culture has not only contributed to our further understanding of the jade objects from Yunnan culture and the variety of jade material located in the Yunnan Province.It also provides a basis for the trace of the history and culture through the distribution and evolution of burial hierarchy laws.At the same time,the microscopic observation of the tested samples manifested a residual trace of“string”at the perforation,which has played a critical role in restoring the wearing of jade ware Jue from the tombs of the ancient Yunnan State and the handicraft skills at that time.展开更多
The Liaoning Province in the northeastern part of the North China Craton(NCC) hosts several tremolite jade(nephrite) deposits. Here we investigate the Sangpiyu tremolite jade deposit where the relationship between abu...The Liaoning Province in the northeastern part of the North China Craton(NCC) hosts several tremolite jade(nephrite) deposits. Here we investigate the Sangpiyu tremolite jade deposit where the relationship between abundant graphite inclusions within the jade remains enigmatic. We employ petrography, electron probe microanalysis, X-ray-diffraction, and Raman spectroscopy to characterize the tremolite jade and its inclusion minerals. The Sangpiyu jade is predominately composed of tremolite with minor calcite, dolomite, serpentine, titanite, zoisite, allanite, chlorite,apatite, chromite and graphite. Raman spectroscopy of graphite inclusions shows that the D1/G intensity ratio ranges from 0.78 to 0.88 in deep green samples and from 0.05 to 0.23 in dark green samples. The ranges of D1/(D1 + G) integral area ratio for these types are from 0.0548 to 0.3037 and 0.5528 to 0.7355 respectively. The formation temperature of graphite inclusions in the dark green tremolite jade is computed as 549.8 ℃, whereas that for the deep green sample is about343.2 ℃. Our results suggest that the jade formation occurred in a multi-stage process through the action of hydrothermal fluids and metamorphism possibly in a subduction-related setting at moderate to high temperatures.展开更多
During the reign of emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty,the political rule was relatively stable,the economy continued to develop,and both civil and martial situations flourished.The emperor’s love for jade articles...During the reign of emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty,the political rule was relatively stable,the economy continued to develop,and both civil and martial situations flourished.The emperor’s love for jade articles made this period a peak in the development of Chinese jade culture.Based on jade articles of emperor Qianlong collected in the Palace Museum and related documents and archives,this paper tries to explore characteristics of this collection and emperor Qianlong’s collecting methods,then explains that this collection not only has the functions of aesthetics,but also has the meaning of morality,religion and politics.展开更多
Jade has been valued and worshiped in China for millennia.As early as the prehistoric period,it was deemed a medium for connecting earth and heaven and communicating with ancestors and immortals.It was therefore sculp...Jade has been valued and worshiped in China for millennia.As early as the prehistoric period,it was deemed a medium for connecting earth and heaven and communicating with ancestors and immortals.It was therefore sculpted into ritual objects.The Hongshan Culture custom of using only jade pieces as funerary objects signifies,in some sense,the advent of a civilization governed by wellestablished etiquette rules.展开更多
基金supported by the major project of“Archaeological China”(Cultural Relics Guarantee[2020]No.444)China University of Geosciences(Wuhan)Gemmological Institute research project CIGTXM-04-S202145.
文摘Jade ware Jue is one of the most fashionable ornament in ancient China from the Neolithic Age to the Han Dynasty.In this study,the remnants of jade ware Jue,from Lijiashan ancient tomb group have been tested and analyzed respectively.The samples through a light etch surface showing glass luster and those with a severe etch surface showing earthen luster.With the aid of X-ray fluorescence Spectrometer(X-ray Fluorescence)test and X-ray diffraction(XRD)detection,the results show that tremolite is not the main mineral of the sample.The main components of the tested samples with light erosion are antigorite and talc,although the main components of the samples with severe erosion are calcite containing calcium carbonate barium.Furthermore,the research on jade ware Jue in Yunnan culture has not only contributed to our further understanding of the jade objects from Yunnan culture and the variety of jade material located in the Yunnan Province.It also provides a basis for the trace of the history and culture through the distribution and evolution of burial hierarchy laws.At the same time,the microscopic observation of the tested samples manifested a residual trace of“string”at the perforation,which has played a critical role in restoring the wearing of jade ware Jue from the tombs of the ancient Yunnan State and the handicraft skills at that time.
文摘The Liaoning Province in the northeastern part of the North China Craton(NCC) hosts several tremolite jade(nephrite) deposits. Here we investigate the Sangpiyu tremolite jade deposit where the relationship between abundant graphite inclusions within the jade remains enigmatic. We employ petrography, electron probe microanalysis, X-ray-diffraction, and Raman spectroscopy to characterize the tremolite jade and its inclusion minerals. The Sangpiyu jade is predominately composed of tremolite with minor calcite, dolomite, serpentine, titanite, zoisite, allanite, chlorite,apatite, chromite and graphite. Raman spectroscopy of graphite inclusions shows that the D1/G intensity ratio ranges from 0.78 to 0.88 in deep green samples and from 0.05 to 0.23 in dark green samples. The ranges of D1/(D1 + G) integral area ratio for these types are from 0.0548 to 0.3037 and 0.5528 to 0.7355 respectively. The formation temperature of graphite inclusions in the dark green tremolite jade is computed as 549.8 ℃, whereas that for the deep green sample is about343.2 ℃. Our results suggest that the jade formation occurred in a multi-stage process through the action of hydrothermal fluids and metamorphism possibly in a subduction-related setting at moderate to high temperatures.
文摘During the reign of emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty,the political rule was relatively stable,the economy continued to develop,and both civil and martial situations flourished.The emperor’s love for jade articles made this period a peak in the development of Chinese jade culture.Based on jade articles of emperor Qianlong collected in the Palace Museum and related documents and archives,this paper tries to explore characteristics of this collection and emperor Qianlong’s collecting methods,then explains that this collection not only has the functions of aesthetics,but also has the meaning of morality,religion and politics.
文摘Jade has been valued and worshiped in China for millennia.As early as the prehistoric period,it was deemed a medium for connecting earth and heaven and communicating with ancestors and immortals.It was therefore sculpted into ritual objects.The Hongshan Culture custom of using only jade pieces as funerary objects signifies,in some sense,the advent of a civilization governed by wellestablished etiquette rules.