Re-Densification Effect of Pressure-Injected Peptide-Hyaluronic Acid Combination on Male Androgenic Alopecia

Introduction: Mechanism of male androgenic alopecia (MAGA) is complex and leads to an excessive hair shedding and decreased hair density. Oral, topical, and injectable autologous treatments demonstrate ability to stimulate hair re-growth, but the response is suboptimal or plateaus off. Synthetic combination of the peptide complex and hyaluronic acid (P-HA) demonstrated hair regrowth in alopecia patients. Electronically-operated pneumatic injections (EPI) generate micro-trauma in the dermis and under wound-healing conditions may enhance regeneration effect of P-HA. Methods: Subjects seeking improvement of their male pattern hair loss (Hamilton-Norwood type 2-4) received the P-HA treatments through EPI. The course included 4 treatments every two weeks over the 8-week period. In 6 months, the hair growth was assessed comparative to baseline by global clinical photography and digital phototrichograms. The treatment safety and tolerability were documented through the whole study period. Results: Twelve men (30-45 years old) completed the treatment course with high tolerability and without adverse events. Post-treatment assessment of the previously bald areas showed improved coverage on the clinical photographs. The phototrichograms demonstrated statistically significant increase in terminal hair density by 36%, cumulative hair thickness by 37%, and follicular units by 20%;all contributing to a 38% increase in cumulated hair density (all p Conclusion: Electronic pneumatic injections are well tolerated and can be safely used for the needle-free administration of the peptide-hyaluronic acid combination in MAGA therapy. We achieved significant hair re-densification in the balding scalp. The exact role of the EPI-induced impact in the hair re-growth mechanism remains to be ascertained. .

Experiments on Gas Jet in the Wendelstein 7-AS Stellarator

Wendelstein 7-AS (W7-AS) pertains to an advanced helical stellarator. A new fuelling method, the supersonic molecular beam injection (SMBI, named Gas Jet in Germany) system was installed in W7-AS in May 2001 as a cooperation research item co-supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China and the Max-Planck Institute of Plasma Physics, Garching, Germany. The experiments of the gas jet with hydrogen or deuterium on W7-AS were implemented. The experimental results exhibit the following features such as high fuelling efficiency, stable high-density plasmas and reduction of the recycling fluxes from the vessel wall during injection. These crucial points show that the new fuelling method can be applied to long and stable discharges.

Effect of cooperative injection and suction jet on power extraction characteristics of a semi-active flapping airfoil

A novel cooperative injection and suction jet was employed in this work to improve the power extraction characteristics of a semi-active flapping airfoil(S-AFA).The combined Taguchi method and numerical simulations was used to optimize the characteristic parameters of the cooperative injection and suction jet that affect the power extraction characteristics of the S-AFA.Under the Reynolds number of 6×10^(4)and the pitching axis location at the center of the ellipse airfoil,the effects of jet position,jet width,jet coefficient as well as phase difference between the cooperative injection and suction jet and the active pitching motion on the power extraction characteristics of the S-AFA are systematically examined.It is concluded that the power extraction characteristics of the S-AFA can be enhanced by employing cooperative injection and suction jet.Compared to the S-AFA without jet,the maximum efficiency is increased 11.06%for the S-AFA with optimized cooperative injection and suction jet.The flow structure behavior analysis shows that the vortex strength,the low pressure range in the suction surface of the airfoil as well as the pressure value in the pressure surface of the airfoil are increased due to the cooperative injection and suction jet,and it is why the power extraction characteristics of S-AFA can be improved.

Three-dimensional simulation of liquid injection,film formation and transport,in fluidized beds

Liquid injection, and film formation and transport in dense-phase gas-solids fluidized beds are numerically simulated in three dimensions using a collisional exchange model that is based on the mechanism that collisions cause transfer of liquid mass, momentum, and energy between particles. In the model, each of the particles is represented by a solid core and a liquid film surrounding the core. The model is incorporated in the framework of the commercial code Barracuda developed by CPFD Software. The commercial software is an advanced CFD-based computational tool where the particles are treated as discrete entities, calculated by the MP-PIC method, and tracked using the Lagrangian method. Details of the collisional liquid transfer model have been previously presented in O＇Rourke, Zhao, and Snider （2009）; this paper presents new capabilities and proof-testing of the collision model and a new method to better quantify the penetration length. Example calculations of a fluidized bed without liquid injection show the expected effect of collisions on the reduction of granular temperature （fluctuational kinetic energy） of the bed. When applied to liquid injection into a dense-phase fluidized bed under different conditions, the model predicts liquid penetration lengths comparable to the experiments. In addition, the simulation reveals for the first time the dynamic mixing of the liquid droplets with the bed particles and the transient distribution of the droplets inside the bed.

A review on bath fluid flow stirring technologies in EAF steelmaking

In the contemporary electric arc furnace(EAF)steelmaking industry,increasing contents and temperature homogenization via fluid flow stirring is found to be an effective method of improving production quality and smelting efficiency.It is a trend for different factories with bowl-shaped furnaces to apply the bath fluidity enhancement technology.EAF has plenty of advantages in modern steelmaking industry,and the improvements on the EAF steelmaking process have come up with two major tasks,namely reduction in energy consumption and tap-to-tap time.The latter task requires an essential understanding of every phase in EAF steelmaking process.The flat bath phase with poor bath fluid flow was crucial to the product quality and metallurgical efficiency considering EAF’s bowl-shaped structure.The research of three stirring bath methods,oxygen jets injection,electromagnetic stirring,and bottom blowing,were introduced,and then the detailed parameters of each method with their influences on molten bath fluidity were presented.