Ration Spatial Characteristics Analysis of Soil Loss Based on GIS and RUSLE in Jinzhou City

Supported by RS technology and GIS technology, the amount of soil loss and soil erosion intensity in Jinzhou City in 2010 were quantitatively evaluated by the modified RUSLE model. The characteristics of the spatial distribution of soil loss in Jinzhou City were analyzed. The results showed that the soil erosion area of Jinzhou City in 2010 was 7 284.87 km2, accounting for 70.72% of the total area of Jinzhou City. The average soil erosion modulus was 18.27 t/（hm2＆#183;a）, belonging to mild erosion. Two slope belts of 15＆#176;-25＆#176; and 6＆#176;-15＆#176; were the main soil erosion re-gions in Jinzhou City. Soil erosion in Jinzhou City was mainly concentrated in the rural residential land and the dry land, and the soil erosion amount of these two land types accounted for 60.97%of the total soil erosion amount in Jinzhou City in 2010. It was suggested that the treatment of these two land types should be strengthened and be main treatment object for soil and water conservation in future. The research could provide scientific basis for the governments to make policies about soil loss.

Fractionation of heavy metals in shallow marine sediments from Jinzhou Bay,China

This work investigated the distribution and speciation of Cd, Cu, Pb, Fe and Mn in the shallow sediments of Jinzhou Bay, Northeast China, which has been heavily contaminated by nonferrous smelting activities. The concentrations of Cd, Cu and Pb in sediments were found to be 100, 13 and 7 times, respectively, being higher than the national guideline （GB 18668-2002）. Sequential extraction test showed that 39%-61% of Cd were exchangeable fractions, indicating that Cd in the sediments posed a high risk to local environments. While Cu and Pb were at moderate risk levels. According to the relationships between percentage of metal speciation and total metal concentration, it was concluded that the distributions of Cd, Cu and Pb in some geochemical fractions were dynamic in the process of pollutants migration and the stability of metals in sediments of Jinzhou Bay decreased in the order of Pb 〉 Cu 〉 Cd.

Cretaceous-Cenozoic regional stress field evolution from borehole imaging in the southern Jinzhou area, western Liaoning, North China Craton

The Mesozoic Yanshanian Movement affected the tectonic evolution of the North China Craton(NCC).It is proposed that Mesozoic cratonic destruction peaked~125 Ma,possibly influenced by subduction of the western Pacific Plate beneath the Euro-Asian Plate in the Early Cretaceous.The southern Jinzhou area in the eastern block of the NCC preserves clues about the tectonic events and related geological resources.Studies of the regional stress field evolution from the Cretaceous to the Cenozoic can enhance our understanding of the tectonics and dynamics of the NCC.Borehole image logging technology was used to identify and collect attitudes of tensile fractures from 11 boreholes;these were subdivided into four groups according to dip direction,i.e.,NNW-SSE,NWW-SEE,W-E and NE-SW.The development of these fractures was controlled primarily by the regional tectonic stress field;temperature,lithology,and depth contributed to some extent.In 136-125 Ma in the Early Cretaceous,the area was characterized by extension that was oriented NNW-SSE and NWW-SEE;from 125-101 Ma the extension was oriented W-E;after 101 Ma it was NE-SW.This counterclockwise trend has persisted to the present,probably related to oblique subduction of the Pacific Plate,and is characterized by ongoing extension that is nearly N-S-oriented and NEE-SWW-oriented compression.

Shallow Analysis on the First Spring Soaking Rain Weather and Its Precipitation Enhancement Potential Forecast in Jinzhou Area in 2010

[Objective] The research aimed to study the first spring soaking rain weather and its precipitation enhancement potential forecast in Jinzhou area in 2010. [Method] From the weather situation characteristics, main influence system, forecast service, artificial precipitation enhancement operation and so on, the first spring soaking rain weather process in Jinzhou area in 2010 was summarized comprehensively. [Result] The weather situation characteristics of soaking rain were that the high-altitude cold air was weak, and the low-level warm wet airflow was obvious. The main influence systems were the high-altitude trough, the high-altitude shear line and the ground Mongolian cyclone. The ground inverted trough system advanced northward and got through with the same phase of Mongolian cyclone, which provided the certain energy and water vapor for the precipitation in Jinzhou area. It was one of key reasons for generating the soaking rain. The numerical forecast product played the certain guidance role in the forecast service work. The situation field forecast was accurate, but the precipitation forecast deviation was big. Therefore, the forecast service couldn’t depend on the numerical forecast product simply and totally, and should combine with the actual monitoring data to analyze and apply comprehensively. [Conclusion] The research played the safeguarding role in carrying out the large-scale artificial precipitation enhancement operation successfully in the whole area of Jinzhou.

Study on the Causes of Abnormal Weather in Winter in Jinzhou from 2009 to 2010

[Objective] The aim was to study the causes of abnormal weather in winter in 2009 and 2010 in Jinzhou. [Method] By dint of regular meteorological data and weather theory, the abnormal weather in winter from 2009 to 2010 in Jinzhou was expounded so as to find the reasons for abnormal climate in winter in the region. [Result] The main reason for the consecutive low temperature in winter in Jinzhou from 2009 to 2010 was the abnormal development of the Ural Mountains high-pressure ridge and strong horizontal circulation. The frequent cold air activity was the leading reason for the increase of precipitation in Jinzhou in winter; the high trough and low air torrent were the main weather system for precipitation. Convergence in the low layer was the dynamic condition for the generation of precipitation. [Conclusion] The study provided theoretical basis for the disaster prevention and mitigation work in winter.

Study of One Rainstorm Being Affected by Two Weather Systems in Jinzhou Area

[Objective] The aim was to study one rainstorm process being affected by two weather system. [Method] Influenced by high trough and Mongolia cold front, high latitude trough and subtropical high shear, rainstorm occurred in Jinzhou from October 19 to 22 in 2010. In order to make the analysis clear, there were two precipitation stages. Considering precipitation, weather situation, satellite image and numerical forecast, the rainstorm process was discussed. [Result] There were two raining stages during this precipitation. The first stage was affected by high altitude trough and ground Mongolia cold front, and the last stage was influenced by high altitude trough and subtropical high shear;the high latitude air, low latitude shear,low air torrent,subtropical high and their mutual coupling effect were the main influencing system and cause for this rainstorm. Satellite image suggested that there was convective cloud developing,weakening, disappearing and regenerating around the convective cloud of water vapor passage, showing distinct train operation state. The strengthening and weakening cloud image fitted the real precipitation. Numerical forecast precisely predicted the upper air and ground situation of the generation of rainstorm, especially the report of the east-retreating and south-falling trend of subtropical high;European center forecast fitted reality. There was certain error in predicting T639. Precipitation forecast was fine. [Conclusion] The study provided basis for the meteorological service work in future.

Jinzhou Petro-chemical Calcined Oil Coke Exported to Australia

Recently,17000tonsofcalcinedoilcokeProducedbyJinzhouPetro-chemicalCompany,CNPC,wereshiPPedtoAustraliaviaJinzhouPort.ItisthefirstexPOrtproductthatthecompanyeverProducedcomplyingwiththeirforeigncustomer'sspecificrequirements.Thespecificationandqualityo...

锦州市规划区地质环境安全评价研究

地质环境问题是影响城市国土空间安全开发利用的重要因素,在城市规划开发阶段开展地质环境综合评价可有效控制地质灾害风险。锦州市规划区尚处于开发前期,本文基于该规划区的地质条件和开发需求,构建了地质环境安全评价指标和评价方法体系,基于主导因素综合法开展了地质环境安全综合评价。根据评价结果,锦州市规划区地质环境安全程度可划分为3级,空间分布上以相对安全区为主,其次为次不安全区和安全区。按照空间位置和区域构造稳定性、地质灾害易发性等不同成因划分为23个亚区,并指出了每个亚区安全程度主要影响因素。该评价结果反映了锦州市规划区的地质环境安全程度,确定了影响地质环境安全问题的关键因素,有助于规避该区国土空间规划开发可能面临的地质灾害风险。

辽宁省锦州市北镇农业区土壤重金属分布特征、生态风险评价及源解析

【研究目的】查明辽宁省锦州市北镇农业区重金属分布特征,可以为当地特色农业开发、全域旅游和土壤重金属污染管控提供科学依据。【研究方法】本文通过地质调查查明成土母质,采集表层土壤样品,以元素含量分布特征、富集程度为基础,开展土壤环境质量评价,利用地累积指数法进行重金属污染程度评价,Hakanson生态风险指数法识别研究区潜在生态风险程度,并通过Pearson相关性分析和聚类分析,定量分析不同重金属的主要来源。【研究结果】北镇农业区土壤中Cr和Pb的均值低于辽宁省辽河流域背景值,表层土壤重金属富集程度由大到小排序为Hg>As>Cd>Pb>Zn>Cu>Cr>Ni。研究区土壤质量总体良好,在超标样品中Cd、Cu和Zn含量超过风险筛选值的占比分别为45.56%、29.11%和11.47%,占总超标数的86.12%;As和Cd为轻度污染状态,大部分土壤样品的重金属为无—轻度的污染状态,仅Hg元素个别采样点位为强—极强污染。单指标潜在生态风险由高到低排序为:Hg>Cd>As>Cu>Ni>Pb>Cr>Zn,土壤潜在生态风险综合指数RI分布范围为29.7~2358.16,平均值为141.9,以低度风险为主,其次中度风险。相关性分析和聚类分析结果表明,Ni、Cr、As、Pb主要受母岩自然风化影响,Cu、Zn、Cd、Hg受农业生产、工业生产、交通运输,甚至建筑活动等多种来源影响。【结论】农用物质的不合理施用、大气沉降、工业生产、生活垃圾和煤炭燃烧等产生的物质在土壤中富集可能对研究区生态环境质量造成污染风险,未来需要加强对Hg、Cd、Cu和Zn元素在不同地块中富集趋势监测和研究。

基于城市职能的明清金州古城景观格局之发展演变研究

金州古城地处辽东边陲,其城市平面和功能布局既受到军事防御功能的影响,又体现出儒家礼制的特征。古城空间格局在明代已初具规模,又经清代的建设与发展,形成了较为成熟的城市功能和完善的道路体系。将历经时代变迁的金州古城三维城市肌理变化以二维方式来进行体现,通过对明清两代古城空间结构与营建特点的介绍,直观感受城市空间与职能的发展和演变,进而对金州古城空间形态、功能区域以及城市职能转变的推动力进行了解析,并阐释了城市发展的动因。

分叉柱关键节点智能设计研究

针对大连金州湾机场指廊分叉柱节点初始设计选型方案少和反复调优耗时长等问题,应用衍生式智能设计方法对节点开展了智能设计研究。首先对节点的衍生式智能设计基本方法及数学模型进行了探讨,然后建立了节点设计障碍体模型,并施加荷载和约束条件衍生输出了40种备选方案,最后评估各种设计方案节点的受力性能和质量指标,并与相贯节点模型和焊接球节点模型进行了对比讨论。结果表明,与初始设计模型相比,33号设计节点可在质量不增加的前提下,提升初始模型的受力性能,降低最大位移41.87%和最大应力3.59%。利用衍生式智能设计方法可以自动生成大量形状新颖独特的模型方案,其中包含受力性能更好和质量更轻的方案,具有良好的工程应用前景。

锦州市水资源开发利用现状分析

根据锦州市2015—2021年水资源数据,采用水生态足迹模型动态分析水生态盈余赤字、承载力和足迹变化趋势,并结合可持续发展和水资源压力指数探究了水资源开发利用情况。结果表明:2015—2021年锦州市水生态足迹整体呈减小趋势,从2015年的450.0万hm^(2)波动下降到2021年的388.6万hm^(2);降水量与水生态承载力之间存在显著正相关性,除2018年其它年份均处于水生态赤字状态;2015—2021年水资源压力指数均值2.53,水资源系统达到不可持续发展和不安全状态,应加强中水回用、实施现代化农业和加快产业结构调整等。

锦州市渔业文化积淀与传承探析

笔者通过研读我国古代典籍与历史著作及社会调研材料,运用文献与典籍研究法、实证研究法与跨专业领域融合研究法,从分析与介绍渔文化与鱼文化的基本内涵出发,基于锦州市渔业文化积淀与传承的优势,对锦州历代渔业文化史、渔业文学、渔业民俗文化,以及当代渔业会展业与渔业旅游业等渔业文化积淀进行深入挖掘与探究,研究重点放在发展锦州特色渔业文化方面,提出渔业文化传承思路。希望该文能够为锦州渔业文化的传播、传承与繁荣,进而积极推动锦州渔业文化及其相关产业的发展,推进锦州市海洋与淡水渔业、文化产业结构优化升级提供切实可行的思路与参考。

明清时期金州庙学景观的营建及演变

明清时期金州作为辽东地区的文化中心,其儒家文化底蕴深厚,文庙作为儒家文化的代表建筑,其内部建筑和景观环境都蕴含着浓厚的儒家气息,同时历来承担着金州的儒学教育,为当地教育事业发挥着极为重要的作用。金州文庙受到地域文化和当地气候等因素的影响,虽然在空间布局和植物布置上与中原地区相差较远,但所表现出的景观风貌却新颖独特,不仅在建筑形式上华丽出彩,在庭园景观环境营造上也独具匠心,体现出北方寒地园林的景观特色。同时在建筑形式上也能寻找到中原文化的痕迹,展现出与中原地区文化同源的特征。

渤海锦州南变质岩潜山油田储层分类及其剩余油分布规律

渤海锦州南油田为变质岩潜山油田,进入中高含水期,油井见水规律多样,剩余油分布复杂,稳油控水难度日益增大。根据取心、测井、薄片、生产动态等资料,采用三维物理模拟和数值模拟等方法,划分储层类型,讨论不同储层类型剩余油分布规律。结果表明:锦州南变质岩潜山油田分为背斜型、半背斜型及掀斜抬升型3类储层,受不同类型储层裂缝开度、密度、连通关系,以及油、水井距离等因素影响;背斜型储层采油井无水采油期长,剩余油主要富集基质系统和构造高部位裂缝系统,提高基质系统的渗吸作用,加强剩余油动用;半背斜型储层采油井存在优势见水方向,剩余油主要富集非优势见水方向的裂缝系统和基质系统,通过流场调控加强非优势见水方向的注水波及系数,提高剩余油动用;掀斜抬升型储层采油井易快速水淹,裂缝系统和基质系统剩余油大量富集,通过控制含水率上升提高剩余油动用。该结果对同类型潜山油田剩余油挖潜具有指导意义。

辽中1号走滑断层内部结构识别及其控藏作用——以锦州A构造为例

锦州A构造的发现是辽东湾海域走滑断裂带内调节断层欠发育区的首个勘探突破,为弄清该构造成藏的主控因素,利用钻井、测井、地震等资料,对锦州A构造段辽中1号走滑断层及其内部结构开展研究,并明确其对油气成藏的控制作用。研究结果表明:地震振幅、纵波速度在走滑断层附近发生明显变化,这种变化的范围可以代表走滑断层内部结构发育的规模,从浅到深辽中1号走滑断层内部结构的发育规模变大。利用多井横向对比常规测井的密度、中子孔隙度和声波时差资料以及偶极声波远探测技术,可以识别走滑断层内部结构,随着距离走滑断层的接近,密度资料会出现先减小再增大的趋势,中子孔隙度和声波时差资料则会出现先增大再减小的趋势,代表从围岩到断层破碎带再到断层核的发育趋势。锦州A构造段辽中1号走滑断层发育由断层破碎带和断层核组成的二元结构,断层破碎带孔渗性好,是油气垂向运移的有利通道;断层核孔渗性差,有利于油气的侧向封堵。

Ⅱ类广义气水混驱特征曲线的建立及应用

在Ⅱ类广义水驱特征曲线的基础上,引入了地下含气水率概念,类比建立了Ⅱ类广义气水混驱特征曲线。此类曲线对应的含气水变化规律数学模型在n、m取不同数值时,不仅可以转化为S型含气水变化规律,而且也可以转化为描述凸型、S-凸型、S-凹型、凹型等不同形态的含气水变化规律,丰富了气水混驱油藏开发效果评价方法。给出了Ⅱ类广义气水混驱特征曲线通式及其对应的含气水变化规律数学模型的求解方法,并分别评价了葡北油田三间房组油藏气水交替混相驱和锦州油田S31油藏气顶+边水混驱的开发效果,拟合精度较高,可供其他油藏开发借鉴。

基于地方依恋理论的乡村文化廊道建设及旅游开发——以锦州市为例

建设锦州特色乡村文化廊道,需要先规划每条廊道的特色主题、文化景观、空间结构、旅游产品,以区域文化事业和旅游产业的提质增效为目标,根据地方依恋理论,以乡村文化作为起点,将文化与旅游、科技等要素充分融合,培育乡村文化廊道的旅游吸引物,构建多元化、多层次、多功能的旅游产品供给体系。

渤海金州湾全新统沉积物声速与土力学参数的相关性

声速是海底地声学研究中的基本物理量和重要参数,研究其分布特征及其与土力学参数之间的相关性具有重要的科学意义和实用价值。基于渤海金州湾的高分辨浅地层剖面数据和钻孔取样试验数据,通过反演计算获得了全新统内微细层序的声速数据及与之对应的沉积物土力学参数数据集,从而对沉积物的声速特征及其与土力学参数之间的相关性进行研究。结果表明:金州湾全新统的平均声速为1.505~1.734 km/s,平均值为1.601 km/s;粉砂、粉土、淤泥、淤泥质黏土和淤泥质粉质黏土五种沉积物类型的声速平均值分别为1.734、1.645、1.511、1.588、1.567 km/s,变化趋势大致反映了声速随粒径和含砂量的减小而减小的特征;声速与湿密度、干密度和压缩模量之间均存在较显著的线性正相关关系,与孔隙比、含水率、液限、塑性指数和压缩系数之间均存在较显著的线性负相关关系,而与塑限之间的相关性一般,与液性指数无相关性。

套袋在杨树植根造林苗上的应用效果

以1年生杨树植根造林苗为供试材料,秋季造林,第2年春季4月对根桩造林苗进行套袋,以不套袋为对照。对套袋造林苗袋内和裸地温度、袋内和裸地土壤湿度、苗木萌芽、生长、虫害、沙蚀、药害、成活率和造林质量进行比较分析。试验统计分析证明,套袋能够提高造林成活率和苗木质量,能够避免农药对环境污染,降低造林成本,经济、生态和社会效益显著。