Chronic ankle instability is associated with proprioception deficits:A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background:Acute ankle injury causes damage to joint mechanoreceptors and deafferentation and contributes to proprioception deficits in patients with chronic ankle instability(CAI).We aimed to explore whether deficits of proprioception,including kinesthesia and joint position sense(JPS),exist in patients with CAI when compared with the uninjured contralateral side and healthy people.We hypothesized that proprioception deficits did exist in patients with CAI and that the deficits varied by test methodologies.Methods:The study was a systematic review and meta-analysis.We identified studies that compared kinesthesia or JPS in patients with CAI with the uninjured contralateral side or with healthy controls.Meta-analyses were conducted for the studies with similar test procedures,and narrative syntheses were undertaken for the rest.Results:A total of 7731 studies were identified,of which 30 were included for review.A total of 21 studies were eligible for meta-analysis.Compared with the contralateral side,patients with CAI had ankle kinesthesia deficits in inversion and plantarflexion,with a standardized mean difference(SMD)of 0.41 and 0.92,respectively,and active and passive JPS deficits in inversion(SMD=0.92 and 0.72,respectively).Compared with healthy people,patients with CAI had ankle kinesthesia deficits in inversion and eversion(SMD=0.64 and 0.76,respectively),and active JPS deficits in inversion and eversion(SMD=1.00 and 4.82,respectively).Proprioception deficits in the knee and shoulder of patients with CAI were not statistically significant.Conclusion:Proprioception,including both kinesthesia and JPS,of the injured ankle of patients with CAI was impaired,compared with the uninjured contralateral limbs and healthy people.Proprioception varied depending on different movement directions and test methodologies.The use of more detailed measurements of proprioception and interventions for restoring the deficits are recommended in the clinical management of CAI.

个性化股骨定位器辅助前交叉韧带重建术后膝关节三维运动学分析

目的探讨使用基于股骨外侧髁软骨顶点(apex of deep cartilage,ADC)设计的个性化股骨定位器辅助前交叉韧带(anterior cruciate ligament,ACL)重建术后患侧膝关节运动学变化情况。方法2021年1月—2022年1月共纳入40例符合选择标准的初次ACL断裂患者,随机分为研究组(使用基于ADC设计的个性化股骨定位器辅助ACL重建)和对照组(不使用上述个性化股骨定位器辅助ACL重建),每组20例;另外收集20名膝关节正常志愿者作为健康组。3组患者/志愿者性别、年龄、身体质量指数比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后3、6、12个月,使用Opti_Knee膝关节三维运动测量分析系统对所有患者行步态分析,记录膝关节6个自由度(屈伸角、内外翻角、内外旋角、前后位移、上下位移及内外位移)和运动周期(最大步长、最小步长及步频),将患者数据与健康组数据进行比较。结果健康组志愿者屈伸角为(57.80±3.45)°、内外翻角为(10.54±1.05)°、内外旋角为(13.02±1.66)°、前后位移为(1.44±0.39)cm、上下位移为(0.86±0.20)cm、内外位移为(1.38±0.39)cm,最大步长为(51.24±1.29)cm、最小步长为(45.69±2.28)cm、步频为(12.45±0.47)步/min。与健康组比较,研究组和对照组患者术后3个月屈伸角和内外旋角减小,术后6个月对照组屈伸角减小,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);其余各时间点各指标与健康组比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。研究组组内比较,除术后6、12个月屈伸角和内外旋角大于术后3个月,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)外,其余各时间点间各指标比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。研究组与对照组间除术后6个月屈伸角比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)外,其余各时间点两组间各指标比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论与常规手术相比,使用基于ADC设计的个性化股骨定位器辅助ACL重建术可帮助患者获得更满意的术后早期运动学疗效,三维运动学分析可以更客观、动态地评估患者术后膝关节恢复情况。