Introduction: Infertilityaffects one in six couples, and it is an important public health issue largely due to thepervasive effects on the emotional and psychological wellbeing of affected couples. In many developing ...Introduction: Infertilityaffects one in six couples, and it is an important public health issue largely due to thepervasive effects on the emotional and psychological wellbeing of affected couples. In many developing nations emphasis is placed on childbirth and inability to fulfill this role can be very distressing. There is an unmet need for assisted reproductive technology (ART) in many developing countries and where facilities exist, they are mostly privately owned, expensive and concentrated in urban areas. To bridge this gap, public fertility clinics have been established to provide subsidized care. Evaluating the characteristics and peculiarities of clientele presenting at these public facilities will aid planning and prioritization of care. Methodology: A descriptive retrospective study of 116 infertile patients presenting to the fertility clinic of the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria from inception on the 14<sup>th</sup> of February 2019 and 31<sup>st</sup> of December 2022.Data was analyzed using the Statical Package for Social Sciences (IBM, SPSS, New York) version 23. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the results which were presented with the aid of bar charts and frequency tables. Result: The mean age of the patients was 40.70 ± 6.62 years. Post-menopausal patients accounted for about one-fifth of the study population while 80.2% (93 women) were older than 35 years. The mean duration of infertility was 9.39 ± 6.11years and nine patients (7.8%) had a duration greater than 2 decades. Secondary infertility occurred in 67.2% of the women. Twenty-nine women (25%) had undergone myomectomy prior to presentation. Hypertension (11.2%) was the most prevalent comorbidity. Nineteen patients (16.4%) had used contraceptives in the past with the male condom (36.8%)being the most preponderant. Sixty-seven patients had experienced pregnancy losses before 28 weeks of gestation while just 16 patients (13.8%) had undergone ART, and none was successful. Conclusion: Secondary infertility was the prevalent type of infertility and may not be unconnected with the low contraceptive usage and high risk of sexually transmitted infection. Late presentation coupled with a large proportion of post-menopausal clientele suggests delayed health-seeking behavior most probably due to the prohibitive cost of ART. The need to streamline services offered in public fertility clinics is paramount in low-income countries grappling with scarce resources. A pragmatic approach will involve the provision of low-cost ART, while enhancing gamete donation programs through the implementation of gamete sharing policies. This will invariably bridge the unmet need and skewed access to ART in developing countries.展开更多
Geothermal energy is considered a renewable,environmentally friendly,especially carbon-free,sustainable energy source that can solve the problem of climate change.In general,countries with geothermal energy resources ...Geothermal energy is considered a renewable,environmentally friendly,especially carbon-free,sustainable energy source that can solve the problem of climate change.In general,countries with geothermal energy resources are the ones going through the ring of fire.Therefore,not every country is lucky enough to own this resource.As a country with 117 active volcanoes and within the world’s ring of fire,it is a country whose geothermal resources are estimated to be about 40%of the world’s geothermal energy potential.However,the percentage used compared to the geothermal potential is too small.Therefore,this is the main energy source that Indonesia is aiming to exploit and use.However,the deployment and development of this energy source are still facing many obstacles due to many aspects from budget sources due to high capital costs,factory construction location,quality of resources,and conflicts of the local community.In this context,determining the optimal locations for geothermal energy sites(GES)is one of the most important and necessary issues.To strengthen the selection methods,this study applies a two-layer fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making method.Through the layers,the Ordinal Priority Approach(OPA)is proposed to weight the sub-criteria,the main criterion,and the sustainability factors.In layer 2,the Neutrosophic Fuzzy Axiomatic Design(NFAD)is applied to rank and evaluate potential locations for geothermal plant construction.Choosing the right geothermal energy site can bring low-cost efficiency,no greenhouse gas emissions,and quickly become the main energy source providing electricity for Indonesia.The final ranking shows Papua,Kawah Cibuni,and Moluccas as the three most suitable cities to build geothermal energy systems.Kawah Cibuni was identified as the most potential GES in Indonesia,with a score of 0.46.Papua is the second most promising GES with a score of 0.45.Next is the Moluccas,with a score of 0.39.However,the three least potential sites among the 15 studied sites are Lumut Balai,Moluccas and Patuha,with scores of 0.08,0.11 and 0.17,respectively.The conclusion of this study also classifies positions into groups to aid in decision-making.展开更多
On August 20,2024,General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam(CPV)Central Committee and Vietnamese President To Lam concluded his state visit to China.China was the destination for Lam's first overseas vis...On August 20,2024,General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam(CPV)Central Committee and Vietnamese President To Lam concluded his state visit to China.China was the destination for Lam's first overseas visit after taking office as general secretary of the CPV Central Committee,which clearly demonstrates that the heads of both countries attach importance to developing the bilateral relations and that Vietnam regards China as the strategic choice and top priority for its foreign policy.展开更多
Shape irregularity,a sub-factor of parcel fragmentation is a problem that hinders sustainable agriculture and is solved using land consolidation projects.Determination of the parcel shape degree contributes significan...Shape irregularity,a sub-factor of parcel fragmentation is a problem that hinders sustainable agriculture and is solved using land consolidation projects.Determination of the parcel shape degree contributes significantly to spatial prioritization where there is also a high probability of achieving positive effects of consolidation projects.This study aims to determine the shape degree of the agricultural parcels both at singular and rural county scales in Tekirdag Province,Turkey in 2020 by combining the parcel shape index(PSI) with the minimum bounding geometry index(MBG) to improve parcel scores.Hot-spot zones of the highly irregular and near optimum parcels were also determined using Getis-Ord G_(i)^(*) statistic.The parcel degrees were classified into four categories,namely highly irregular,irregular,regular and near optimum.The obtained unweighted scores of the parameters exhibit deviations from the expected values.After weighting by pairwise comparison,the values approached ideal scores.Among 346 740 parcels,53% were highly irregular and irregular and 47% were regular and near optimum shapes after weighting whereas these were 70% and 30%,respectively before weighting.The average parcel degree of 63 rural counties was regular while the average parcel degree of the remaining 264 rural counties was irregular.The combined use of PSI and MBG index improved the correctness of the parcel shape score.It could be suggested to use as a tool in land consolidation prioritization.展开更多
[目的]本文旨在解决在自然环境下不同成熟度苹果目标检测精度较低的问题。[方法]提出了一种改进的YOLOv5s模型SODSTR-YOLOv5s(YOLOv5s with small detection layer and omni-dimensional dynamic convolution and swin transformer bloc...[目的]本文旨在解决在自然环境下不同成熟度苹果目标检测精度较低的问题。[方法]提出了一种改进的YOLOv5s模型SODSTR-YOLOv5s(YOLOv5s with small detection layer and omni-dimensional dynamic convolution and swin transformer block),用于不同成熟度苹果检测。首先改进YOLOv5s的多尺度目标检测层,在Prediction中构建检测160×160特征图的检测头,提高小尺寸的不同成熟度苹果的检测精度;其次在Backbone结构中融合Swin Transformer Block,加强同级成熟度的苹果纹理特征融合,弱化纹理特征分布差异带来的消极影响,提高模型泛化能力;最后将Neck结构的Conv模块替换为动态卷积模块ODConv,细化局部特征映射,实现局部苹果细粒度特征的充分提取。基于不同成熟度苹果数据集进行试验,验证改进模型的性能。[结果]改进模型SODSTR-YOLOv5s检测的精确率、召回率、平均精度均值分别为89.1%、95.5%、93.6%,高、中、低成熟度苹果平均精度均值分别为94.1%、93.1%、93.7%,平均检测时间为16 ms,参数量为7.34 M。相比于YOLOv5s模型,改进模型SODSTR-YOLOv5s精确率、召回率、平均精度均值分别提高了3.8%、5.0%、2.9%,参数量和平均检测时间分别增加了0.32 M和5 ms。[结论]改进模型SODSTR-YOLOv5s提升了在自然环境下对不同成熟度苹果的检测能力,能较好地满足实际采摘苹果的检测要求。展开更多
针对煤矿高噪声、低照度、运动模糊与大批量煤矸混杂等复杂工况环境因素导致煤矸识别存在误检、漏检以及检测精度低的问题,提出一种基于CFS-YOLO算法的煤矸智能识别模型。采用ConvNeXt V2(Convolutional Neural Network with NeXt Units...针对煤矿高噪声、低照度、运动模糊与大批量煤矸混杂等复杂工况环境因素导致煤矸识别存在误检、漏检以及检测精度低的问题,提出一种基于CFS-YOLO算法的煤矸智能识别模型。采用ConvNeXt V2(Convolutional Neural Network with NeXt Units Version 2)特征提取模块替换主干网络末端的2个C3(Cross Stage Partial Bottle Neck Mudule)模块,通过将掩码自动编码器(Masked Autoencoders,MAE)和全局响应归一化(Global Response Normalization,GRN)层添加到ConvNeXt架构中,有效缓解特征崩溃问题以及保持特征在网络传递过程中的多样性;采用Focal-EIOU(Focal and Efficient Intersection Over Union)损失函数替换原CIOU(Computer Intersection Over Union)损失函数,通过其Focal-Loss机制和调整样本权重的方式优化边界框回归任务中的样本不平衡问题,提高模型的收敛速度和定位精度;添加无参注意力机制(Simple Attention Mechanism,SimAM)于主干网络每个C3模块的后端,凭借其注意力权重自适应调整策略,提升模型对尺度变化较大或低分辨率煤矸目标关键特征的提取能力。通过消融试验和对比试验验证所提CFS-YOLO模型的有效性与优越性。试验结果表明:CFS-YOLO模型对于煤矸在煤矿高噪声、低照度、运动模糊与大批量煤矸混杂等复杂环境下的检测效果均得到有效提高,模型的平均精度均值达到90.2%,相较于原YOLOv5s模型的平均精度均值提高了3.7%,平均检测速度达到90.09 FPS,可充分满足煤矸实时检测的需求。同时与YOLOv5s、YOLOv7-tiny与YOLOv8n等6种YOLO系列算法相比,CFS-YOLO模型对煤矿复杂环境的适应性最强且综合检测性能最佳,可为煤矸的智能高效分选提供技术支持。展开更多
文摘Introduction: Infertilityaffects one in six couples, and it is an important public health issue largely due to thepervasive effects on the emotional and psychological wellbeing of affected couples. In many developing nations emphasis is placed on childbirth and inability to fulfill this role can be very distressing. There is an unmet need for assisted reproductive technology (ART) in many developing countries and where facilities exist, they are mostly privately owned, expensive and concentrated in urban areas. To bridge this gap, public fertility clinics have been established to provide subsidized care. Evaluating the characteristics and peculiarities of clientele presenting at these public facilities will aid planning and prioritization of care. Methodology: A descriptive retrospective study of 116 infertile patients presenting to the fertility clinic of the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria from inception on the 14<sup>th</sup> of February 2019 and 31<sup>st</sup> of December 2022.Data was analyzed using the Statical Package for Social Sciences (IBM, SPSS, New York) version 23. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the results which were presented with the aid of bar charts and frequency tables. Result: The mean age of the patients was 40.70 ± 6.62 years. Post-menopausal patients accounted for about one-fifth of the study population while 80.2% (93 women) were older than 35 years. The mean duration of infertility was 9.39 ± 6.11years and nine patients (7.8%) had a duration greater than 2 decades. Secondary infertility occurred in 67.2% of the women. Twenty-nine women (25%) had undergone myomectomy prior to presentation. Hypertension (11.2%) was the most prevalent comorbidity. Nineteen patients (16.4%) had used contraceptives in the past with the male condom (36.8%)being the most preponderant. Sixty-seven patients had experienced pregnancy losses before 28 weeks of gestation while just 16 patients (13.8%) had undergone ART, and none was successful. Conclusion: Secondary infertility was the prevalent type of infertility and may not be unconnected with the low contraceptive usage and high risk of sexually transmitted infection. Late presentation coupled with a large proportion of post-menopausal clientele suggests delayed health-seeking behavior most probably due to the prohibitive cost of ART. The need to streamline services offered in public fertility clinics is paramount in low-income countries grappling with scarce resources. A pragmatic approach will involve the provision of low-cost ART, while enhancing gamete donation programs through the implementation of gamete sharing policies. This will invariably bridge the unmet need and skewed access to ART in developing countries.
文摘Geothermal energy is considered a renewable,environmentally friendly,especially carbon-free,sustainable energy source that can solve the problem of climate change.In general,countries with geothermal energy resources are the ones going through the ring of fire.Therefore,not every country is lucky enough to own this resource.As a country with 117 active volcanoes and within the world’s ring of fire,it is a country whose geothermal resources are estimated to be about 40%of the world’s geothermal energy potential.However,the percentage used compared to the geothermal potential is too small.Therefore,this is the main energy source that Indonesia is aiming to exploit and use.However,the deployment and development of this energy source are still facing many obstacles due to many aspects from budget sources due to high capital costs,factory construction location,quality of resources,and conflicts of the local community.In this context,determining the optimal locations for geothermal energy sites(GES)is one of the most important and necessary issues.To strengthen the selection methods,this study applies a two-layer fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making method.Through the layers,the Ordinal Priority Approach(OPA)is proposed to weight the sub-criteria,the main criterion,and the sustainability factors.In layer 2,the Neutrosophic Fuzzy Axiomatic Design(NFAD)is applied to rank and evaluate potential locations for geothermal plant construction.Choosing the right geothermal energy site can bring low-cost efficiency,no greenhouse gas emissions,and quickly become the main energy source providing electricity for Indonesia.The final ranking shows Papua,Kawah Cibuni,and Moluccas as the three most suitable cities to build geothermal energy systems.Kawah Cibuni was identified as the most potential GES in Indonesia,with a score of 0.46.Papua is the second most promising GES with a score of 0.45.Next is the Moluccas,with a score of 0.39.However,the three least potential sites among the 15 studied sites are Lumut Balai,Moluccas and Patuha,with scores of 0.08,0.11 and 0.17,respectively.The conclusion of this study also classifies positions into groups to aid in decision-making.
文摘On August 20,2024,General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam(CPV)Central Committee and Vietnamese President To Lam concluded his state visit to China.China was the destination for Lam's first overseas visit after taking office as general secretary of the CPV Central Committee,which clearly demonstrates that the heads of both countries attach importance to developing the bilateral relations and that Vietnam regards China as the strategic choice and top priority for its foreign policy.
文摘Shape irregularity,a sub-factor of parcel fragmentation is a problem that hinders sustainable agriculture and is solved using land consolidation projects.Determination of the parcel shape degree contributes significantly to spatial prioritization where there is also a high probability of achieving positive effects of consolidation projects.This study aims to determine the shape degree of the agricultural parcels both at singular and rural county scales in Tekirdag Province,Turkey in 2020 by combining the parcel shape index(PSI) with the minimum bounding geometry index(MBG) to improve parcel scores.Hot-spot zones of the highly irregular and near optimum parcels were also determined using Getis-Ord G_(i)^(*) statistic.The parcel degrees were classified into four categories,namely highly irregular,irregular,regular and near optimum.The obtained unweighted scores of the parameters exhibit deviations from the expected values.After weighting by pairwise comparison,the values approached ideal scores.Among 346 740 parcels,53% were highly irregular and irregular and 47% were regular and near optimum shapes after weighting whereas these were 70% and 30%,respectively before weighting.The average parcel degree of 63 rural counties was regular while the average parcel degree of the remaining 264 rural counties was irregular.The combined use of PSI and MBG index improved the correctness of the parcel shape score.It could be suggested to use as a tool in land consolidation prioritization.
文摘[目的]本文旨在解决在自然环境下不同成熟度苹果目标检测精度较低的问题。[方法]提出了一种改进的YOLOv5s模型SODSTR-YOLOv5s(YOLOv5s with small detection layer and omni-dimensional dynamic convolution and swin transformer block),用于不同成熟度苹果检测。首先改进YOLOv5s的多尺度目标检测层,在Prediction中构建检测160×160特征图的检测头,提高小尺寸的不同成熟度苹果的检测精度;其次在Backbone结构中融合Swin Transformer Block,加强同级成熟度的苹果纹理特征融合,弱化纹理特征分布差异带来的消极影响,提高模型泛化能力;最后将Neck结构的Conv模块替换为动态卷积模块ODConv,细化局部特征映射,实现局部苹果细粒度特征的充分提取。基于不同成熟度苹果数据集进行试验,验证改进模型的性能。[结果]改进模型SODSTR-YOLOv5s检测的精确率、召回率、平均精度均值分别为89.1%、95.5%、93.6%,高、中、低成熟度苹果平均精度均值分别为94.1%、93.1%、93.7%,平均检测时间为16 ms,参数量为7.34 M。相比于YOLOv5s模型,改进模型SODSTR-YOLOv5s精确率、召回率、平均精度均值分别提高了3.8%、5.0%、2.9%,参数量和平均检测时间分别增加了0.32 M和5 ms。[结论]改进模型SODSTR-YOLOv5s提升了在自然环境下对不同成熟度苹果的检测能力,能较好地满足实际采摘苹果的检测要求。
文摘针对煤矿高噪声、低照度、运动模糊与大批量煤矸混杂等复杂工况环境因素导致煤矸识别存在误检、漏检以及检测精度低的问题,提出一种基于CFS-YOLO算法的煤矸智能识别模型。采用ConvNeXt V2(Convolutional Neural Network with NeXt Units Version 2)特征提取模块替换主干网络末端的2个C3(Cross Stage Partial Bottle Neck Mudule)模块,通过将掩码自动编码器(Masked Autoencoders,MAE)和全局响应归一化(Global Response Normalization,GRN)层添加到ConvNeXt架构中,有效缓解特征崩溃问题以及保持特征在网络传递过程中的多样性;采用Focal-EIOU(Focal and Efficient Intersection Over Union)损失函数替换原CIOU(Computer Intersection Over Union)损失函数,通过其Focal-Loss机制和调整样本权重的方式优化边界框回归任务中的样本不平衡问题,提高模型的收敛速度和定位精度;添加无参注意力机制(Simple Attention Mechanism,SimAM)于主干网络每个C3模块的后端,凭借其注意力权重自适应调整策略,提升模型对尺度变化较大或低分辨率煤矸目标关键特征的提取能力。通过消融试验和对比试验验证所提CFS-YOLO模型的有效性与优越性。试验结果表明:CFS-YOLO模型对于煤矸在煤矿高噪声、低照度、运动模糊与大批量煤矸混杂等复杂环境下的检测效果均得到有效提高,模型的平均精度均值达到90.2%,相较于原YOLOv5s模型的平均精度均值提高了3.7%,平均检测速度达到90.09 FPS,可充分满足煤矸实时检测的需求。同时与YOLOv5s、YOLOv7-tiny与YOLOv8n等6种YOLO系列算法相比,CFS-YOLO模型对煤矿复杂环境的适应性最强且综合检测性能最佳,可为煤矸的智能高效分选提供技术支持。
