Data driven prediction of fragment velocity distribution under explosive loading conditions

This study presents a machine learning-based method for predicting fragment velocity distribution in warhead fragmentation under explosive loading condition.The fragment resultant velocities are correlated with key design parameters including casing dimensions and detonation positions.The paper details the finite element analysis for fragmentation,the characterizations of the dynamic hardening and fracture models,the generation of comprehensive datasets,and the training of the ANN model.The results show the influence of casing dimensions on fragment velocity distributions,with the tendencies indicating increased resultant velocity with reduced thickness,increased length and diameter.The model's predictive capability is demonstrated through the accurate predictions for both training and testing datasets,showing its potential for the real-time prediction of fragmentation performance.

Effect of power supply parameters on discharge characteristics and sterilization efficiency of magnetically driven rotating gliding arc

Plasma sterilization is a new generation of high-tech sterilization method that is fast,safe,and pollution free.It is widely used in medical,food,and environmental protection fields.Home air sterilization is an emerging field of plasma application,which puts higher requirements on the miniaturization,operational stability,and operating cost of plasma device.In this study,a novel magnetically driven rotating gliding arc(MDRGA)discharge device was used to sterilize Lactobacillus fermentation.Compared with the traditional gas-driven gliding arc,this device has a simple structure and a more stable gliding arc.Simulation using COMSOL Multiphysics showed that adding permanent magnets can form a stable magnetic field,which is conducive to the formation of gliding arcs.Experiments on the discharge performance,ozone concentration,and sterilization effect were conducted using different power supply parameters.The results revealed that the MDRGA process can be divided into three stages:starting,gliding,and extinguishing.Appropriate voltage was the key factor for stable arc gliding,and both high and low voltages were not conducive to stable arc gliding and ozone production.In this experimental setup,the sterilization effect was the best at 6.6 kV.A high modulation duty ratio was beneficial for achieving stable arc gliding.However,when the duty ratio exceeded a certain value,the improvement in the sterilization effect was slow.Therefore,considering the sterilization effect and energy factors comprehensively,we chose 80%as the optimal modulation duty ratio for this experimental device.

Data-driven modeling on anisotropic mechanical behavior of brain tissue with internal pressure

Brain tissue is one of the softest parts of the human body,composed of white matter and grey matter.The mechanical behavior of the brain tissue plays an essential role in regulating brain morphology and brain function.Besides,traumatic brain injury(TBI)and various brain diseases are also greatly influenced by the brain's mechanical properties.Whether white matter or grey matter,brain tissue contains multiscale structures composed of neurons,glial cells,fibers,blood vessels,etc.,each with different mechanical properties.As such,brain tissue exhibits complex mechanical behavior,usually with strong nonlinearity,heterogeneity,and directional dependence.Building a constitutive law for multiscale brain tissue using traditional function-based approaches can be very challenging.Instead,this paper proposes a data-driven approach to establish the desired mechanical model of brain tissue.We focus on blood vessels with internal pressure embedded in a white or grey matter matrix material to demonstrate our approach.The matrix is described by an isotropic or anisotropic nonlinear elastic model.A representative unit cell(RUC)with blood vessels is built,which is used to generate the stress-strain data under different internal blood pressure and various proportional displacement loading paths.The generated stress-strain data is then used to train a mechanical law using artificial neural networks to predict the macroscopic mechanical response of brain tissue under different internal pressures.Finally,the trained material model is implemented into finite element software to predict the mechanical behavior of a whole brain under intracranial pressure and distributed body forces.Compared with a direct numerical simulation that employs a reference material model,our proposed approach greatly reduces the computational cost and improves modeling efficiency.The predictions made by our trained model demonstrate sufficient accuracy.Specifically,we find that the level of internal blood pressure can greatly influence stress distribution and determine the possible related damage behaviors.

Effects of counter-current driven by electron cyclotron waves on neoclassical tearing mode suppression

Through theoretical analysis,we construct a physical model that includes the influence of counter-external driven current opposite to the plasma current direction in the neoclassical tearing mode(NTM).The equation is used with this model to obtain the modified Rutherford equation with co-current and counter-current contributions.Consistent with the reported experimental results,numerical simulations have shown that the localized counter external current can only partially suppress NTM when it is far from the resonant magnetic surface.Under some circumstances,the Ohkawa mechanism dominated current drive(OKCD)by electron cyclotron waves can concurrently create both co-current and counter-current.In this instance,the minimal electron cyclotron wave power that suppresses a particular NTM was calculated by the Rutherford equation.The result is marginally less than when taking co-current alone into consideration.As a result,to suppress NTM using OKCD,one only needs to align the co-current with a greater OKCD peak well with the resonant magnetic surface.The effect of its lower counter-current does not need to be considered because the location of the counter-current deviates greatly from the resonant magnetic surface.

Research on the Microstructure Construction Technology of Fully Degraded Polymer Vascular Stent Based on Electric Field Driven 3D Printing

The so-called fourth-generation biodegradable vascular stent has become a research hotspot in thefield of bioengineering because of its good degradation ability and drug-loading characteristics.However,the preparationof polymer-degraded vascular stents is affected by known problem such as poor processflexibility,low formingaccuracy,large diameter wall thickness,limited complex pore structure,weak mechanical properties of radial support and high process cost.In this study,a deposition technique based on a high-voltage electric-field-driven continuous rotating jet is proposed to fabricate fully degraded polymer vascular stents.The experimental results showthat,due to the rotation of the deposition axis,the deposition direction of PCL(polycaprolactone)micro-jet isalways tangent to the surface of the deposition axis.The direction of the viscous drag force is also consistent withthe deposition direction of the jet.It is shown that by setting different rotation speeds of deposition axisωandlinear motion speeds of the nozzle V,the direction of rotation,pitch and angle of the individual printed spiralcurve can be precisely tuned.In the process of multiple spiral curves matching the deposition forming thin walltube mesh,the mesh shape and size of the thin wall tube can be accurately controlled by changing the number ofmatching spiral curves and the size of the matching position bias distance.Finally,the characteristics of a PCLtubular stent sample(with uniform-size microfibers and mesh shape),fabricated under the appropriate processparameters are described in detail.

Data-model coupling driven stress field measurements

This paper presents a method for measuring stress fields within the framework of coupled data models,aimed at determining stress fields in isotropic material structures exhibiting localized deterioration behavior without relying on constitutive equations in the deteriorated region.This approach contributes to advancing the field of intrinsic equation-free mechanics.The methodology combines measured strain fields with data-model coupling driven algorithms.The gradient and Canny operators are utilized to process the strain field data,enabling the determination of the deterioration region's location.Meanwhile,an adaptive model building method is proposed for constructing coupling driven models.To address the issue of unknown datasets during computation,a dataset updating strategy based on a differential evolutionary algorithm is introduced.The resulting optimal dataset is then used to generate stress field results.Validation against finite element method calculations demonstrates the accuracy of the proposed method in obtaining full-field stresses in specimens with local degradation behavior.

Investigation of system parameters towards safer impact based shock-to-detonation transition in a novel laser driven flyer plate prototype

Laser driven flyer plate technology offers improved safety and reliability for detonation of explosives in industrial applications ranging from mining and stone quarrying to the aerospace and defense industries.This study is based on developing a safer laser driven flyer plate prototype comprised of a laser initiator and a flyer plate subsystem that can be used with secondary explosives.System parameters were optimized to initiate the shock-to-detonation transition(SDT)of a secondary explosive based on the impact created by the flyer plate on the explosive surface.Rupture of the flyer was investigated at the mechanically weakened region located on the interface of these subsystems,where the product gases from the deflagration of the explosive provide the required energy.A bilayer energetic material was used,where the first layer consisted of a pyrotechnic component,zirconium potassium perchlorate(ZPP),for sustaining the ignition by the laser beam and the second layer consisted of an insensitive explosive,cyclotetramethylene-tetranitramine(HMX),for deflagration.A plexiglass interface was used to enfold the energetic material.The focal length of the laser beam from the diode was optimized to provide a homogeneous beam profile with maximum power at the surface of the ZPP.Closed bomb experiments were conducted in an internal volume of 10 cm^(3) for evaluation of performance.Dependency of the laser driven flyer plate system output on confinement,explosive density,and laser beam power were analyzed.Measurements using a high-speed camera resulted in a flyer velocity of 670±20 m/s that renders the prototype suitable as a laser detonator in applications,where controlled employment of explosives is critical.

Data Driven Vibration Control:A Review

With the ongoing advancements in sensor networks and data acquisition technologies across various systems like manufacturing,aviation,and healthcare,the data driven vibration control(DDVC)has attracted broad interests from both the industrial and academic communities.Input shaping(IS),as a simple and effective feedforward method,is greatly demanded in DDVC methods.It convolves the desired input command with impulse sequence without requiring parametric dynamics and the closed-loop system structure,thereby suppressing the residual vibration separately.Based on a thorough investigation into the state-of-the-art DDVC methods,this survey has made the following efforts:1)Introducing the IS theory and typical input shapers;2)Categorizing recent progress of DDVC methods;3)Summarizing commonly adopted metrics for DDVC;and 4)Discussing the engineering applications and future trends of DDVC.By doing so,this study provides a systematic and comprehensive overview of existing DDVC methods from designing to optimizing perspectives,aiming at promoting future research regarding this emerging and vital issue.

磁驱动固体套筒实验模拟中的电流系数

采用不可压缩理论模型,对FP-2装置上开展的磁驱动固体套筒实验进行了模拟分析。模拟结果表明,无论是二维磁流体力学理论模型,还是其他不可压缩理论模型,回流罩结构磁驱动固体套筒的边界磁感应强度公式中都包含一个小于1的套筒电流系数。对不同套筒厚度、不同套筒半径条件下磁驱动固体套筒实验的电流系数进行了模拟,发现电流系数不仅与套筒内半径有关,还与套筒厚度有关;套筒内半径越大,套筒电流系数越小;套筒厚度越大,套筒电流系数越小。准确掌握磁驱动固体套筒电流系数的变化规律,可使磁流体程序从磁驱动固体套筒实验的后验模拟发展为精确预测,使磁流体力学模型真正具备正确设计和指导磁驱动固体套筒相关实验的理论能力。

基于简易冲击分解模型的爆轰驱动硅橡胶数值模拟及实验解读

为了反映爆轰驱动下硅橡胶发生冲击分解反应的物理过程,提出了一种简易的硅橡胶冲击分解模型。基于该模型,对爆轰驱动含硅橡胶夹层钢板实验进行了模拟,并分析解读了钢板的自由面速度。结果表明,实验中硅橡胶发生了冲击分解反应,导致钢板的自由面速度曲线出现了首次起跳中间速度平台及首次起跳速度峰值降低的现象。受硅橡胶冲击分解影响,首次入射波压力将在临界冲击分解压力附近弛豫一段时间,再继续升高至最高压力。该压力波作用于钢板的自由面后,出现了自由面速度在中间速度平台停留一段时间,之后继续升高至速度峰值的现象。硅橡胶冲击分解后的气相物质可压缩性较高,首次加载波内较多的能量被用于压缩气体做功,导致首次波传播至自由面时能量衰减,峰值压力降低,首次起跳速度峰值降低。

基于真问题驱动的城市轨道交通学科研究生培养模式

[目的]城市轨道交通系统作为城市交通的重要组成部分,与人们出行和城市发展紧密相关。城市化进程的不断加快和人们对出行效率的不断追求,对城市轨道交通领域的人才培养提出了更高的要求。目前城市轨道交通学科研究生的培养模式存在与产业需求脱节、选题脱离实际需求、产学融合度低等问题,不仅制约了学生的全面发展和专业素养的提升,也将影响城市轨道交通领域技术的创新和发展,需对城市轨道交通学科研究生创新培养模式进行研究。[方法]对真问题驱动培养模式的特点进行分析,结合城市轨道交通学科研究生培养模式的现状及问题,以中国城市轨道交通科技创新创业大赛为例,提出了一种真实问题驱动的研究生培养创新模式。[结果及结论]在引入真实问题情境后,学生能够深度参与实际项目,并进一步与企业合作,从而培养其实践能力和创新精神。真问题驱动的城市轨道交通学科研究生培养模式能够激发学生的学习兴趣和实践动力,锻炼学生创新思维,并提升学生解决实际问题以及创新思维方面的能力。

旅游驱动乡村治理——城乡要素流动视角的动力学机制分析

城乡融合发展是中国式现代化的必然要求。通过乡村旅游促进城乡要素平等交换、双向流动,能够推进乡村全面振兴,促进城乡共同繁荣发展。文章从城乡要素流动视角,基于“驱动力-状态-响应”的分析框架,构建了旅游驱动乡村治理的模型,借助Versim系统动力学建模软件揭示旅游驱动乡村治理的复杂内在机制。通过对驱动力子系统的主要参数进行调节,预测状态子系统和响应子系统的仿真变化,模拟6种不同驱动力情景下乡村治理水平受到各种因素共同影响的作用机制和演化趋势。研究结果表明:单要素驱动模式中创新要素的驱动效果最为明显,多要素综合驱动模式中乡村旅游驱动模式的仿真结果为最优,此模式既能有效激活城乡各要素的协同驱动力,又能规避生态环境风险,有效提升乡村治理水平。文章初步搭建了旅游驱动乡村治理的系统动力学研究框架,完善、深化了对乡村旅游通过城乡要素流动驱动乡村治理内在作用机制的研究,为乡村旅游驱动乡村治理实践提供了路径参考。

建筑群立面风驱雨捕集特性

风驱雨作为建筑围护结构中最重要的湿源,对建筑围护结构的热湿性能、力学性能、耐久性、建筑能耗和碳排放等均有重要影响。很多学者对建筑立面风驱雨展开深入的研究,但研究对象多为独栋建筑。实际上,中国建筑多以建筑群落的形式存在,建筑自身对风场有干扰,建筑群内各建筑立面的风向和风速均可能会发生较大变化,从而影响入侵到建筑立面的风驱雨。为了揭示建筑群内各建筑立面的风驱雨捕集特性,基于风相和雨相质量和动量守恒原理,采用欧拉多相流方法建立并验证建筑风驱雨模型,并应用该模型对建筑群立面的风驱雨捕集特性进行分析。以广州地区为例,由结果可知:建筑群立面风驱雨捕集比与独栋建筑立面风驱雨捕集比相比有较大差异,其中最大差异高达26.3%,最小差异亦可达5.2%。另外,由于受风阻效应的影响,建筑群内各建筑立面的捕集比也存在差异。

HMDV可控动惯性悬架优化设计与分数阶滑模控制研究

针对轮毂电机驱动汽车(hub motor driven vehicle,HMDV)因开关磁阻电机自重和电机气隙偏心导致产生的垂向振动负效应严重恶化车辆的平顺性和操稳性的问题,提出一种基于分数阶滑模控制的HMDV可控动惯性悬架优化设计方法。首先,在轮毂驱动电机气隙偏心产生的不平衡径向力基础上,建立HMDV 1/4混棚动惯性悬架,理论证明二阶混棚正实网络的优异性能;其次,采用HMDV二阶混棚正实网络作为参考模型,构建基于分数阶滑模控制理论的HMDV协调控制系统,在随机路面下进行平顺性仿真和分析;最后,进行HMDV 1/4悬架台架试验。试验结果表明,HMDV可控动惯性悬架与HMDV传统被动悬架相比,车身加速度均方根值、悬架动行程均方根值以及轮胎动载荷均方根值最大降幅分别为7.72%、30.64%以及11.54%。验证了所设计的HMDV可控动惯性悬架对于由开关磁阻电机造成的垂向振动负效应有优异的抑制性能。

基于正系统分析的不确定非线性系统性能驱动控制方法

针对一类不确定非线性系统,提出一种保证系统状态满足预设边界性能函数的新型性能驱动控制(Performancedriven control,PDC)方法.不同于传统预设性能控制(Prescribed performance control,PPC)方法中对误差与边界性能函数的比值进行非线性变换的思路,本文基于保证状态量与上下边界的两个误差量均始终非负这一思想,引入基于Metzler矩阵的正系统分析理论,并结合切换控制技术,以最终保证系统状态始终在预设性能函数之内.系统的稳定性取决于边界性能函数的选取,而不改变控制器的形式.给出针对一类不确定非线性系统的控制设计、稳定性分析和方法讨论,数值仿真例子验证了所提出方法的有效性.

项目驱动下机械创新设计课程思专创融合教学模式构建与实践

针对新工科教育下国家对综合性、复杂型工程科技人才的培养需求,基于成果导向教育(OBE)与工程认证教育理念,结合机械创新设计课程特点,河北农业大学机电工程学院积极探索和实践项目驱动式的专创融合教学模式。以专业理论为主线,以立德树人为核心目标,通过科研项目与双创作品项目驱动,将创新创业思维工具融入课程教学,引导学生自主探究学习和创新设计实践,构建了“四线并驱,两赛促学”的思专创融合教学新范式,为专业课程专创融合的实施提供了有益的借鉴和参考。

需求驱动型档案资源数据化开发模式探析

聚焦档案资源数据化发展态势与档案利用需求数据化转型,全面探析需求驱动型档案资源数据化开发模式概念内涵、要素结构及其实现策略。在需求驱动型档案资源数据化开发模式下,档案部门以用户档案利用需求为决策导向,通过技术赋能,推动档案资源由“模拟态”“数字态”向“数据态”转变,满足用户多元多样、精准智能、便捷智慧的档案数据资源利用需求。需求驱动型档案资源数据化开发模式主要由开发主体、开发客体、开发环境与开发策略四大核心因子构成,需要重点从用户档案利用需求调研、档案资源数据化开发产品供给评估与档案资源数据化开发体制机制创新三方面系统优化档案资源数据化开发环境,激活档案资源数据化开发生态活力,变“死”档案为“活”档案、“档案库”为“思想库”,全面提升档案资源数据竞争力、文化软实力与社会影响力,推动国家档案事业高质量发展。

基于电压-功率灵敏度的有源配电网数据驱动电压协调控制策略

随着分布式光伏渗透率的不断提高,实现配电网电压的快速精确调控变得愈加重要。首先,建立多输入-多输出的电压-功率灵敏度BP神经网络回归预测模型,得到功率参数、节点电压与电压-功率灵敏度间的非线性映射关系;其次,构建高比例光伏有源配电网电压协调控制策略,基于电压-功率灵敏度降序调控原则,通过无功补偿和有功削减结合的两阶段电压调控模式实现配电网节点电压的快速调控;最后,利用IEEE 33和IEEE 141节点典型配电系统的仿真,计算分析验证所提方法的正确性和有效性。

数字技术融合背景下学前儿童在线美育教学模式及方法研究

目的 数字技术的融合为线上美术教育提供了更多的可能性,现代美育方式变得更加多元化。美育在线教学发展如火如荼的今天,一些问题更加凸显并急需解决。本文试图通过更合理的设计有效激发孩子的美育创造力和潜能,达到寓教于乐的效果。方法 分析当前美育教学模式的路径。选择几款下载量较高的产品作为竞品,通过产品分析、用户调研、研究方法的实践,设计出一套符合现阶段学前孩子学习习惯的在线教育模式。结论 随着5G网络技术的广泛应用,数字化教育已成为儿童美育教育发展的关键途径,通过虚拟现实、增强现实等先进技术,改善用户的互动体验。从多个方面、多个维度和多种感官体验来推动儿童美育教育的进步。

新工科背景下机械电子工程专业课程思政示范课程体系构建研究

为适应新时代全球高等教育的重大改革,构建高质量的高等人才培养体系,培养适合社会需要的高素质人才,新工科教育这一新的高等人才培养模式在我国应运而生。而作为新工科建设中最重要的时代蕴涵,课程思政建设是落实立德树人根本任务的战略举措。该文重点分析在新工科背景下机械电子工程专业课程思政建设的意义及存在的问题,阐述机械电子工程专业课程思政的具体实施路径,基于机械电子工程专业课程思政建设目标,结合课程特点,修订课程标准、加强教师团队融合,改进课程内容,创新思政教育方法,将课程思政教育融入教学全过程,做到思政育人,以实现“工匠精神”的代代相承,探索价值引领与标准驱动的课程思政示范课程体系构建模式,以期为机械电子工程专业适应时代发展,培养出符合社会发展所需要的德才兼备的卓越工程人才提供借鉴意义。