High efficiency sub-nanosecond electro-optical Q-switched laser operating at kilohertz repetition frequency

Based on a theoretical model of Q-switched laser with the influences of the driving signal sent to the Pockels cell and the doping concentration of the gain medium taken into account,a method of achieving high energy sub-nanosecond Q-switched lasers is proposed and verified in experiment.When a Nd:YVO4 crystal with a doping concentration of 0.7 at.%is used as a gain medium and a driving signal with the optimal high-level voltage is applied to the Pockels cell,a stable single-transverse-mode electro-optical Q-switched laser with a pulse width of 0.77 ns and a pulse energy of 1.04 mJ operating at the pulse repetition frequency of 1 kHz is achieved.The precise tuning of the pulse width is also demonstrated.

Edge-Oriented Graphene on Carbon Nanofiber for High-Frequency Supercapacitors

High-frequency supercapacitors are being studied with the aim to replace the bulky electrolytic capacitors for current ripple filtering and other functions used in power systems. Here, 3 D edge-oriented graphene(EOG)was grown encircling carbon nanofiber(CNF) framework to form a highly conductive electrode with a large surface area. Such EOG/CNF electrodes were tested in aqueous and organic electrolytes for high-frequency supercapacitor development. For the aqueous and the organic cell, the characteristic frequency at-45° phase angle was found to be as high as 22 and 8.5 k Hz, respectively. At 120 Hz, the electrode capacitance density was 0.37 and 0.16 m F cm^(-2) for the two cells. In particular, the 3 V high-frequency organic cell was successfully tested as filtering capacitor used in AC/DC converter, suggesting the promisingpotential of this technology for compact power supply design and other applications.

A Green Process for High-Concentration Ethylene and Hydrogen Production from Methane in a Plasma-Followed-by-Catalyst Reactor

A green process for the oxygen-free conversion of methane to high-concentration ethylene and hydrogen in a plasma-followed-by-catalyst （PFC） reactor is presented. Without any catalysts and with pure methane used as the feed gas, a stable kilohertz spark discharge leads to an acetylene yield of 64.1%, ethylene yield of 2.5% and hydrogen yield of 59.0% with 80.0% of methane conversion at a methane flow rate of 50 cm^3/min and a specific input energy of 38.4 kJ/L. In the effluent gas from a stable kilohertz spark discharge reactor, the concentrations of acetylene, ethylene and hydrogen were 18.1%, 0.7% and 66.9%, respectively. When catalysts Pd-Ag/SiO2 were employed in the second stage with discharge conditions same as in the case of plasma alone, the PFC reactor provides an ethylene yield of 52.1% and hydrogen yield of 43.4%. The concentrations of ethylene and hydrogen in the effluent gas from the PFC reactor were found to be as high as 17.1% and 62.6%, respectively. Moreover, no acetylene was detected in the effluent gas. This means that a high concentration of ethylene and oxygen-free hydrogen can be co-produced directly from methane in the PFC reactor.

千频交流电刺激在外周神经传导阻断中的作用

感觉、运动或自主神经系统的异常病理活动与疼痛和痉挛等多种神经机能障碍有关。千频交流电(kilohertz frequency alternating current,KHFAC)刺激是一种阻断异常病理活动在外周神经内传导的有效方法,它在缓解相关神经机能障碍方面具有临床应用潜力。KHFAC产生的神经传导阻断受千频信号波形和参数、阻断电极设置和位置以及神经纤维类型和直径等因素影响,具有快速性、可控性、可逆性、局部作用和副作用小的特点。但是,在产生完全传导阻断前,KHFAC首先在靶向神经上激活一簇高频初始放电,这种初始响应可能导致肌肉抽搐或疼痛感。同时,在撤去KHFAC后处于阻断状态的靶向神经需要经历一段时间才能恢复正常传导能力,这是该技术导致的后续效应。目前,关于KHFAC阻断神经传导的生物物理机制假说包括千频信号诱发K+通道激活和Na+通道失活。本文首先介绍了KHFAC技术的电生理实验研究方法和计算模型仿真方法,然后综述目前关于KHFAC作用下神经传导阻断的研究进展,重点论述初始响应特性及消除方法、传导阻断的后续效应、刺激波形和参数的影响、电极设置与位置的影响以及该技术潜在的临床应用,同时归纳KHFAC阻断神经传导的生物物理机制,最后对该技术未来的相关研究进行展望。

激光二极管千赫兹级Nd:YVO_4皮秒脉冲激光再生放大器

采用光纤耦合激光二极管端面抽运Nd:YVO4激光晶体,抽运光平均功率为20W,脉冲宽度为100μs,获得了重复频率为1 kHz、平均功率为1.5 W的再生皮秒脉冲激光输出,脉冲宽度约为15 ps,两个方向上的光束质量因子均小于1.4。

全固态激光器14kHzQ脉冲实验研究

在激光二极管抽运固体激光器(DPSSL)中设计一种由无刷电机驱动,采用棱镜作为旋转反射镜的转镜Q开关。设计了20只棱镜的转盘,获得重复频率14.3 kHz的激光脉冲,实现了千赫兹高重复频率大功率关断能力的Q开关技术。在逐步提高转镜转速来缩短Q开关时间的实验中,激光脉冲序列相应递减,当棱镜转镜转速为4.3×104r/min时,获得脉宽89 ns,重复频率14.3 kHz的1064 nm高重复频率脉冲输出。当输入功率为795 W时,获得平均功率100 W脉冲输出,电-光转换效率为12.5%,峰值功率达到78.3 kW。实验结果说明,棱镜转镜Q开关是实现全固态激光器千赫兹Q脉冲输出的可行技术途径之一。

高功率532nm千赫兹皮秒激光放大器

利用半导体激光器抽运的Nd：YAG晶体实现了5．4mJ、1kHz的532nm皮秒激光放大器，由自制的皮秒振荡器种子源、一级再生放大器、一个两通放大器、一个主放大器和倍频器组成。得到绿光的光束质量因子在切线和弧矢方向分别为1．39和1．96，功率不稳定度小于0．3％。

LD端面泵浦千赫兹多波长激光器

报道了一台用于大气探测激光雷达系统的LD脉冲端面泵浦Nd∶YAG激光晶体的腔外倍频千赫兹多波长激光器。采用紧凑介稳腔设计和电光调Q方式,获得具有高动静比的1064 nm基频光脉冲输出。腔外采用Ⅰ类相位匹配LBO晶体倍频,Ⅱ类相位匹配LBO晶体和频,实现了355 nm和频光输出,同时对355 nm和频光单脉冲能量的影响因素进行了理论分析和实验研究。当倍频转换效率为53%时,获得重复频率为1 kHz的三波长激光分束输出,对应的单脉冲能量分别为1.18 mJ@1064 nm、1.06 mJ@532 nm、0.73 mJ@355 nm;脉冲宽度分别为3.49 ns@1064 nm、3.42 ns@532 nm、3.02 ns@355 nm;光束质量因子分别为M_(x)^(2)=1.70、M_(y)^(2)=1.75@1064 nm,M_(x)^(2)=1.57、M_(y)^(2)=1.41@532 nm,M_(x)^(2)=1.51、M_(y)^(2)=1.38@355 nm。