Intellectual Capital in Knowledge Management Organizations

This paper templet is copyright by Global Conference on Business and Social Science organized by Global Academy of Training&Research(GATR)Enterprise.Intellectual capital and knowledge are the most important assets of most organizations to ensure that determined or intended strategies can be implemented.The resource-based view of the firm considers the firm as a bundle of tangible resources,intangible resources,and organisational capabilities.An effective IC refers to the critical issues of organisational adaptation,survival and competence in the face of discontinuous environmental change.KM is essential for retaining employees’knowledge within a firm by using appropriate technology and tools to capture and store the knowledge residing in the minds of its employees,so it can be easily shared and reused.There is a growing realisation of the importance of the development and understanding of theory for both Intellectual Capital and Knowledge Management in relation to guide the successful development of Knowledge Management Organisations.This study is fundamental because it will provide the whole picture about the different levels of knowledge;individual,group and organizational,which express internal knowledge(formal and informal knowledge)and external knowledge such as customers and suppliers.The aim of this study is addressed some of the gaps in Intellectual Capital literature.It is necessary to investigate the interactions between IC components in Knowledge management organizations,which include human capital(HC),Organizational capital(OC),and Relational capital(RC).This is important in order to discover the extent to which these factors work together to achieve a network’s knowledge management in organization.

国内外知识组织研究内容与发展——基于《图书情报工作》与Knowledge Organization期刊论文的比较分析

知识组织一直是图书情报学领域的重要课题,相关研究也在不断突破与发展以实现知识的有效查询与获取。本文以《图书情报工作》和Knowledge Organization(《知识组织》)2009—2016年期刊论文为研究对象,运用文献计量分析和比较分析的方法,从生产主体、知识基础、研究主题三个角度对比分析了国内外知识组织领域研究现状与进展。研究表明,计算机科学和知识管理是国内知识组织研究重要的学科基础,对应着技术导向和管理导向两种研究路径;国外则十分关注传统知识组织的内容及其在不同语种、领域和资源类型等新环境中的应用,且非常重视从社会文化与哲学等抽象层面思考知识组织的本质与基础。本文通过管窥国内外知识组织发展现状及差异,以期能够帮助国内研究者更加清晰地认识与界定知识组织的内涵与范围,更好地把握未来的研究方向。

Local Knowledge of Farmer Communities in the Use of Organic Fertilizers to Increase Cashew Production in Buton Utara Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province, Indonesia

Local knowledge has an important role in agricultural practices.This study aims to describe the local knowledge of farming communities about the use of organic fertilizers as a strategy to increase cashew production in Buton Utara Regency,Southeast Celebes,Indonesia.The research method used is a qualitative approach with data collection techniques using in-depth interviews and observation.The research results showed that the farming community in this area has in-depth local knowledge of how to make and apply effective organic fertilizers sourced from the surrounding natural environment.However,there are challenges in access to the organic materials needed and constraints in the widespread implementation of organic fertilizers.This study recommends strengthening education and training programs to increase farmers’awareness and skills in using organic fertilizers.

Knowledge Organization and Representation under the AI Lens

Purpose:This paper compares the paradigmatic differences between knowledge organization(KO)in library and information science and knowledge representation(KR)in AI to show the convergence in KO and KR methods and applications.Methodology:The literature review and comparative analysis of KO and KR paradigms is the primary method used in this paper.Findings:A key difference between KO and KR lays in the purpose of KO is to organize knowledge into certain structure for standardizing and/or normalizing the vocabulary of concepts and relations,while KR is problem-solving oriented.Differences between KO and KR are discussed based on the goal,methods,and functions.Research limitations:This is only a preliminary research with a case study as proof of concept.Practical implications:The paper articulates on the opportunities in applying KR and other AI methods and techniques to enhance the functions of KO.Originality/value:Ontologies and linked data as the evidence of the convergence of KO and KR paradigms provide theoretical and methodological support to innovate KO in the AI era.

Could One Transformational Leader Convert the Organization From Knowledge Based Into Learning Organization, Then Into Innovation？

This paper examines the role of transformational leadership in transforming an organization into a knowledge based, then into learning organization so that it becomes an innovative company. Important features of the leader such and ability to assist in developing and accommodating the implementation of knowledge management programs, learning organization concepts and innovation protocols are discussed in this paper. This paper demonstrates that shifting the organization to become a knowledge based and then to be learning organization and finally to become innovative company could involve some unique attributes of a transformation leadership. In that regards, the paper also demonstrates that organizations need first to create, capture, transfer, and mobilize knowledge before it can be used for learning and then for innovation. The paper will present a method of a studying how successful innovation leaders of companies could found themselves acting in three roles namely： knowledge leader, learning leader and then innovation leader.

Method and application of knowledge organization system for S&T literature

In the big data environment, the construction of massive S&T literature data resources needs intelligent technical assistance. With a focus on comparing the domestic and foreign knowledge organization systems and their applications, this article analyzes and summarizes the gaps in related researches and applications at home and abroad. A knowledge organization system framework for S&T literature data resources is presented in the article. Starting from the basic element of knowledge organization system, it also proposes and designs terminology-based analysis methods and technologies for S&T literature. Based on this framework, it proposes ideas and develops corresponding software tool to carry out relevant experiments. It gives an overview of theories and technologies method for future research.

Model Analysis of the Relationship Between Strategic Organization Knowledge and the Use of Information Systems in Firm Performance in Brazil

Information Technology （IT） consolidates as an essential element to support the business strategies to survive and rapidly adapts to changes in the competitive environment. This paper examines the impact of the use of information systems （IS） and strategic organization knowledge （SOK） on firm performance in 150 Brazilian companies. The study uses partial least squares structural equation modeling （PLS-SEM） and establishes models to express the relationship among the constructs examined. The study identifies that the direct influence of 1S use on performance is moderately significant. However, when mediated by orientation strategy, the total effect of IS use on firm performance is demonstrated to be highly significant. The model explains 54% of the variability of firm performance and confirms IS use as a fundamental resource to support strategic business processes.

学科文献系统“KOS-元数据”知识组织模型研究——兼论国史学科文献描述元数据框架和国史本体构建

文章从知识组织体系KOS和元数据标准框架对文献系统信息组织的不同作用入手,提出了网络环境下学科文献系统的“KOS-元数据”融合知识组织模型,对模型在文献系统的信息描述、组织与控制功能进行了剖析。针对领域知识的特点和文献特征,结合文献需求和利用的规律,提出了国史文献集成描述元数据框架,并详解了基于工具书语料进行国史学科概念模型分析和国史本体知识库的构建。

Attitudes,awareness,and knowledge levels of the Turkish adult population toward organ donation:Study of a nationwide survey

BACKGROUND The most important factors affecting attitudes on organ donation are socioeconomic, educational, cultural, and religious factors in many countries.AIM To evaluate the attitudes, awareness, and knowledge levels of the Turkish adult population toward organ donation.METHODS This nationwide study surveyed 3000 adults(≥ 18 years) in Turkey. To ensure a representative sample, the Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics-Ⅱ(modified for Turkey) was used. Turkey was divided into 26 regions based on social, economic, and geographic criteria as identified by the Turkish Statistical Institute. A stratified sampling method was used with an even distribution of adults across cities and towns based on population data. Data were collected by the PRP Research and Consultancy Company using computer-assisted personal interviews.RESULTS Out of 3000 individuals represented in the study population, 1465(48.8%) were male and 1535(51.2%) female. The results showed that most participants were under 45 years(59.0%) and married(72.1%), some had a bachelor’s degree or higher(21.9%), and very few(1.5%) had any direct experience with organ transplantation-whether in the family, or a family member on a transplantation waiting list. Most of the study population(88.3%) had not considered donating an organ, however, most(87.9%) said that they would accept an organ from a donor if they needed one. Among the individuals surveyed, 67% were willing to donate an organ to a close relative, while 26.8% would donate an organ to an unrelated person. Only 47.2% said they had adequate information about brain death, and 85.2% refused to consent to donating organs of family members declared brain dead. Only 33.9% thought they had adequate information about organ donation. The main source of information was the television. The two main reasons for refusing organ donation were that it was too soon to think about organ donation and the importance of retaining the integrity of the dead person’s body.CONCLUSION This study showed that Turkey’s adult population has inadequate knowledge about organ donation. The study advocates for public education programs to increase awareness among the general population about legislation related to organ donation.

Dosimetric Effects Due to Inter-Observer Variability of Organ Contouring When Utilizing a Knowledge-Based Planning System for Prostate Cancer

Purpose: Radiotherapy is a widely accepted standard of care for early-stage prostate cancer, and it is believed that the plan quality and treatment outcome are associated with contour accuracy of both the target and organs-at-risk (OAR). The purposes of this study are to 1) assess geometric and dosimetric uncertainties due to inter-observer contour variabilities and 2) evaluate the effectiveness of geometric indicators to predict target dosimetry in prostate radiotherapy. Methods: Twenty prostate patients were selected for this retrospective study. Five experienced clinicians created unique structure sets containing prostate, seminal vesicles, bladder, and rectum for each patient. A fully automated script and knowledge-based planning routine were utilized to create standardized and unbiased plans that could be used to evaluate changes in isodose distributions due to inter-observer variability in structure segmentation. Plans were created on a “gold-standard” structure set, as well as on each of the user-defined structure sets. Results: Inter-observer variability of contours during structure segmentation was very low for clearly defined organs such as the bladder but increased for organs without well-defined borders (prostate, seminal vesicles, and rectum). For plans generated with the user-defined structure sets, strong/moderate correlations were observed between the geometric indicators for target structure agreement and target coverage for both low-risk and intermediate-risk patient groups, while OAR indicators showed no correlation to final dosimetry. Conclusions: Target delineation is crucial in order to maintain adequate dosimetric coverage regardless of the associated inter-observer uncertainties in OAR contours that had a limited impact upon final dosimetry.

基于SKOS的国防科学技术叙词表向本体的转换研究

本文对通过《国防科学技术叙词表》来构建国防科技领域本体进行了研究。文章简要介绍了几种本体描述语言，在详细描述W3C新推出的本体描述语言标准SKOS的基础上，结合《国防科学技术叙词表》分析了SKOS对于概念、属性、映射的描述方法。SKOS具有简单、系统、全面的特点，使得本体的构建更为方便、高效，为国防领域的知识共享和重用奠定了基础。在本文的实例部分，介绍分析了《国防科学技术叙词表》，尤其是词表中的字顺表所包含的主要语义关系，之后节选了词表的枪械部分段落，在详细分析枪械体系中的概念和其中的关联关系等的基础上完成了本体的转换。

语义Web中基于SKOS的知识组织模型

语义Web中的知识组织问题越来越引起人们的关注,领域知识本体是理想的知识管理方案,但构建领域本体是件费时、费力的工作。为提供一种更为简单、易用的知识管理方案,采用W3C颁布的SKOS(simple knowledge organization system)构建领域知识组织系统,通过对模型中类与属性的扩展增强对知识的描述能力,研究模型与语义Web的结合问题,并分析了SKOS模型在语义Web中发挥的作用。

国际大型词表开放共享协议分析与启示--以STKOS词表开放共享协议设计为例

STKOS词表作为国家投入的重要公共知识基础设施,为保护其知识产权和相关权利人权益,同时实现项目成果面向全社会的共享利用,需要制定合理有效的开放共享协议。本文调研分析了4部国际大型词表的开放共享协议,总结归纳出此类协议的主要框架、相关法律权利规定,以期为STKOS词表开放共享协议提供借鉴。同时文章提出在设计STKOS词表开放共享协议时应重点考虑权利人诉求、建设目标、具体授权内容、协议许可方式等因素。

简单知识组织系统SKOS及其应用研究

简单知识组织系统(SKOS)为语义Web环境下的数字信息资源整合提供了描述和转化机制,解决了信息资源的语义互操作问题。本文介绍了SKOS及其语义描述机制,阐述了它的应用现状,并对其在信息管理领域的应用前景进行了探讨。

《中国分类主题词表》主题词SKOS化描述及自动转换研究

简单知识组织系统(SKOS)提供了表达各种知识组织系统基本结构和内容的通用模型,为语义Web环境下实现资源共享创造了条件。《中国分类主题词表》(以下简称《中分表》)主题词从MARC格式到SKOS格式的转换方案,可从《中分表》的宏观结构和主题词微观结构两个方面进行具体分析,并利用VB程序和Access数据库编写程序自动实现。

STKOS相关工具集成框架下的插件封装研究与实现

针对知识组织相关工具集成服务系统的需求和应用场景,提出基于OSGi的科技知识组织体系(STKOS)相关工具集成框架和基于该框架的插件封装设计思路和主要流程,阐述其实施效果。封装后的插件可自动注册、存储到系统插件库中,进行分类管理、版本和生命周期管理,能够提供工作流组配或独立运行、下载服务,供STKOS用户按需使用。

Spatial Organization of Innovation in the Oil Equipment Manufacturing Industry: Case of Dongying, China

As innovation and technological change have become increasingly important for the competitiveness and sustainable growth of firms,cooperative innovation is now crucial for traditional industries in the context of globalization.This paper proposes a framework for analyzing the spatial pattern of cooperative innovation for traditional industries in developing countries.Based on in-depth interviews with 35 firms in the oil equipment manufacturing industry in Dongying City,China,this study argues that different firms in the innovation pyramid have various innovation activity preferences and spatial patterns.Firms with high innovation abilities tend to cooperate with various partners that are geographically dispersed and continuously expanding,while firms with inferior abilities usually cooperate with nearby fixed partners.Due to the differences in innovation environment and actor locations,firms tend to make different choices regarding innovation types and models,which highlight the importance of personnel training and basic scientific research at the global scale and practical product research and development at the national scale.Additionally,talent flow is the most important way to realize relationships for firm innovation activity.

SKOSCore:简约知识组织网络表述语言

简约知识组织表述语言(SKOS Core)以资源描述框架(RDF)为基础,是一种表述规范词表中的基本结构和概念表内容的格式语言。所谓概念表(Concept Scheme)是指某领域里所有概念及概念之间的语义关系的集合。SKOS Core由网络联盟(W3C)语义网(Semantic Web)下的最佳实践和应用工作小组(Best Practice andDeployment Working Group)出版并维护。本文的主要目的是为SKOS Core在都柏林元数据中结合使用提供一些基本的诠释。通过给出各种规范词表用SKOS Core表达的例子,该文介绍了SKOS Core的管理政策、SKOS Core与都柏林元数据、资源描述框架结构语言(RDF Schema)以及网络实用分类系统语言(Web Ontology Language,OWL)之间的关系。SKOS Core的发展仍处在初级阶段,本文的介绍希望能够起到一个抛砖引玉的作用,同时也能促进下一步的发展,与都柏林元数据词汇的使用结合起来。

FAIR + FIT: Guiding Principles and Functional Metrics for Linked Open Data(LOD) KOS Products

Purpose:To develop a set of metrics and identify criteria for assessing the functionality of LOD KOS products while providing common guiding principles that can be used by LOD KOS producers and users to maximize the functions and usages of LOD KOS products.Design/methodology/approach:Data collection and analysis were conducted at three time periods in 2015–16,2017 and 2019.The sample data used in the comprehensive data analysis comprises all datasets tagged as types of KOS in the Datahub and extracted through their respective SPARQL endpoints.A comparative study of the LOD KOS collected from terminology services Linked Open Vocabularies(LOV)and BioPortal was also performed.Findings:The study proposes a set of Functional,Impactful and Transformable(FIT)metrics for LOD KOS as value vocabularies.The FAIR principles,with additional recommendations,are presented for LOD KOS as open data.Research limitations:The metrics need to be further tested and aligned with the best practices and international standards of both open data and various types of KOS.Practical implications:Assessment performed with FAIR and FIT metrics support the creation and delivery of user-friendly,discoverable and interoperable LOD KOS datasets which can be used for innovative applications,act as a knowledge base,become a foundation of semantic analysis and entity extractions and enhance research in science and the humanities.Originality/value:Our research provides best practice guidelines for LOD KOS as value vocabularies.