Objectives: Since studies demonstrate that neonates born to mothers having been cared for premature labor will suffer from congenital neonatal sepsis, we aimed to evaluate the prevalence and main risk factors of neona...Objectives: Since studies demonstrate that neonates born to mothers having been cared for premature labor will suffer from congenital neonatal sepsis, we aimed to evaluate the prevalence and main risk factors of neonatal infection among mothers having experienced a prior premature labor. Methods: This was a cross sectional study carried out from January 1st throughout 31st December, 2013 at the university clinics of Kinshasa. It concerned all delivered women at term having been cared for premature labor prior to giving birth a live newborn. Maternal variables of interest were: parity, gestation, age, intrapartum fever, malaria, urogenital infection during the last 2 weeks before delivery (UGI), premature rupture of membranes (PROM), cervical cerclage, meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) and the way of delivery. For neonates attention was paid on gestational age, birth weight, admission at neonatal intensive care unit (ANICU) and infection as stated within three days after birth. T-test and Chi-square were used where appropriate. Logistic analysis was used to determine the risk for maternal variables to induce neonatal infection (OR and CI), the significance stated at p < 0.05. Results: Fifty two mother-infant couples were recruited. Of these 19 neonates were infected (prevalence of 36.5%). Mean age, gestational age and birth weight were 30.19 ± 5.32 years, 37.2 ± 2 weeks and 2638 ± 588 g, respectively. Infected neonates had their gestational age and birth weight significantly lower whilst proportion of ANICU higher than that on non infected. Prematurity, PROM, UGI, prior cerclage and MSAF were significantly more frequent in couples with neonatal infection. Prematurity, birth weight <2500 g and UGI were found to enhance the risk by 3 to 4 times. Conclusion: The prevalence of neonatal infection was very high. Prematurity, birth weight <2500 g and maternal UGI were found to enhance the risk by 3 to 4 times.展开更多
Measles infection in pregnant women is a very dangerous clinical condition.Patients usually had complicated pneumonia,and virus could pass through the placenta to the fetus and lead to premature delivery,stillbirth,mi...Measles infection in pregnant women is a very dangerous clinical condition.Patients usually had complicated pneumonia,and virus could pass through the placenta to the fetus and lead to premature delivery,stillbirth,miscarriage and neonatal measles.In this report,one such case,which was diagnosed by clinical signs and symptoms,clinical and laboratory examination was described.After proper therapeutic treatment,the infection was well-controlled and a baby was born by nature labor.展开更多
The past seven decades witnesses a stage marked by"ossification-consolidation-emptiness"as regards domestic labor relationship.It is highly probable that China is to be inaugurated by the stage of"falsi...The past seven decades witnesses a stage marked by"ossification-consolidation-emptiness"as regards domestic labor relationship.It is highly probable that China is to be inaugurated by the stage of"falsification"in forthcoming days.A major cause is rooted in that labor relationship is the output of economic development that would request that labor relationship chime with it.The development course of labor relationship since the founding of PRC explicitly evinces that"flexibility"might be incurred in case labor relationship fails to align with economic development and with demands of marketing competitiveness.It might even propel main bodies of labor relationship to circumvent labor laws,as is verified by prevalence of large-scaled labor dispatching,and of"labor dispatching under the disguise of outsourcing".Lawmakers thus need to further ruminate over degree of tolerance on labor legislation.展开更多
Different methods have been proposed to screen for preterm labor and delivery; most of these aim to pre-dict the risk that preterm delivery is going to take place. However, interesting though this knowledge might be, ...Different methods have been proposed to screen for preterm labor and delivery; most of these aim to pre-dict the risk that preterm delivery is going to take place. However, interesting though this knowledge might be, knowing the future is of no use when no changes can be made. Recent publications have suggested new and exciting modalities to actually diminish the frequency of preterm birth in patients selected by transvaginal cervical length measurement; these modalities include vaginal progesterone and vaginal pessaries. Although promising, many questions remain to be answered; not least about the long term outcome for both neonates and mothers, but also on the eventual introduction of such strategies to the general obstetric population. One of the main problems that urgently needs clarifcation is how we are going to offer this best of medicine to those needing it most: deprived and socially isolated women who have the highest risk for preterm laborand delivery, probably not due to any congenital cervi-cal problems, but to a combination of environmental, microbiological and social factors, including transgen-erational poverty and deprivation.展开更多
Globalization and technological change are transforming the ways in which buildings are being designed and built. An overlooked aspect of this development is its impact on construction labor, and the significance of l...Globalization and technological change are transforming the ways in which buildings are being designed and built. An overlooked aspect of this development is its impact on construction labor, and the significance of labor for assessing the work of architecture. The paper draws upon the sociological concept of the “glocal” to analyse the construction site as the product of the tension between global and local conditions of architectural production and consumption. The construction of Preston Scott Cohen’s 2010 Tel Aviv Museum Addition serves as its case study for theorizing the “glocal” dynamics of digital architecture, building technology and construction labor. This methodological approach highlights the role of migrant guest workers and technological transfer in contemporary construction culture. To realize with precision the complex design under local constraints, the contractor developed a hybrid work process that interspersed labor saving automated manufacturing techniques with artisanal, skilled construction work. In addition, workers and contractors exercised a high level of control over the pace and method of construction, and devised building solutions which improved upon the architect’s design. In conclusion, the paper argues that construction activity differs from broader trends in manufacturing due to the self-reflexivity of architectural design to its condition of production, but that at the same time, this critical capacity is enabled by the globalization of construction labor.展开更多
Preterm birth is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in newborns and children under 5 years-of-age.In order to improve the survival rate and quality of preterm infants,there is critical need to identify the s...Preterm birth is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in newborns and children under 5 years-of-age.In order to improve the survival rate and quality of preterm infants,there is critical need to identify the specific mechanisms underlying the initiation of labor.Pregnancy represents a period of constant interactive dialog between mother and fetus.A disturbance in the pattern of maternal-fetal communication can induce physiological or pathological labor.Although a number of studies have investigated the contributions of maternal factors to the initiation of labor,the concept that fetal organ development and maternal adaptation are coordinated has emerged over recent years,thus emphasizing that factors of fetal origin may serve as hormonal signals for the initiation of labor.In this review,we summarize and discuss several specific mechanisms by which factors of fetal origin may influence parturition during term or preterm labor,including the specific regulation of fetal organs,including the lungs and accessory organs during pregnancy.Future research may focus on the specific pathways by which signals from the fetal lungs and other fetal organs interact with the maternal system to initiate eventual labor.展开更多
Preterm labor(before 37 weeks’gestation)is the leading cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity,which can be divided into iatrogenic preterm labor,infectious preterm labor,and spontaneous preterm labor(sPTL).Up to n...Preterm labor(before 37 weeks’gestation)is the leading cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity,which can be divided into iatrogenic preterm labor,infectious preterm labor,and spontaneous preterm labor(sPTL).Up to now,there continue to be great difficulties in prediction and prevention of sPTL,owing to multiple risk factors,pathogenesis,and pathologic processes contributing to the event,which have not been fully clarified.Pregnancy maintenance and parturition is a complicated process with continuous maternal-fetal dialogue,in which both maternal and fetal factors participate and affect the outcome of pregnancy,including sPTL.Besides,external factors can also participate in sPTL,individually or through the interaction with internal factors.In this article,we summarize recent studies regarding sPTL from our and other groups,and discuss the risk factors and pathogenesis of preterm birth from both external and internal(maternal and fetal)aspects,so as to provide theoretical evidences for the diagnosis,prevention,and treatment of sPTL in the future.展开更多
文摘Objectives: Since studies demonstrate that neonates born to mothers having been cared for premature labor will suffer from congenital neonatal sepsis, we aimed to evaluate the prevalence and main risk factors of neonatal infection among mothers having experienced a prior premature labor. Methods: This was a cross sectional study carried out from January 1st throughout 31st December, 2013 at the university clinics of Kinshasa. It concerned all delivered women at term having been cared for premature labor prior to giving birth a live newborn. Maternal variables of interest were: parity, gestation, age, intrapartum fever, malaria, urogenital infection during the last 2 weeks before delivery (UGI), premature rupture of membranes (PROM), cervical cerclage, meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) and the way of delivery. For neonates attention was paid on gestational age, birth weight, admission at neonatal intensive care unit (ANICU) and infection as stated within three days after birth. T-test and Chi-square were used where appropriate. Logistic analysis was used to determine the risk for maternal variables to induce neonatal infection (OR and CI), the significance stated at p < 0.05. Results: Fifty two mother-infant couples were recruited. Of these 19 neonates were infected (prevalence of 36.5%). Mean age, gestational age and birth weight were 30.19 ± 5.32 years, 37.2 ± 2 weeks and 2638 ± 588 g, respectively. Infected neonates had their gestational age and birth weight significantly lower whilst proportion of ANICU higher than that on non infected. Prematurity, PROM, UGI, prior cerclage and MSAF were significantly more frequent in couples with neonatal infection. Prematurity, birth weight <2500 g and UGI were found to enhance the risk by 3 to 4 times. Conclusion: The prevalence of neonatal infection was very high. Prematurity, birth weight <2500 g and maternal UGI were found to enhance the risk by 3 to 4 times.
文摘Measles infection in pregnant women is a very dangerous clinical condition.Patients usually had complicated pneumonia,and virus could pass through the placenta to the fetus and lead to premature delivery,stillbirth,miscarriage and neonatal measles.In this report,one such case,which was diagnosed by clinical signs and symptoms,clinical and laboratory examination was described.After proper therapeutic treatment,the infection was well-controlled and a baby was born by nature labor.
基金a stage achievement of “A study on how labor standards respond to collective clash between capital and labor under the new normal”a National Social Science Fund Project(15BGL184)
文摘The past seven decades witnesses a stage marked by"ossification-consolidation-emptiness"as regards domestic labor relationship.It is highly probable that China is to be inaugurated by the stage of"falsification"in forthcoming days.A major cause is rooted in that labor relationship is the output of economic development that would request that labor relationship chime with it.The development course of labor relationship since the founding of PRC explicitly evinces that"flexibility"might be incurred in case labor relationship fails to align with economic development and with demands of marketing competitiveness.It might even propel main bodies of labor relationship to circumvent labor laws,as is verified by prevalence of large-scaled labor dispatching,and of"labor dispatching under the disguise of outsourcing".Lawmakers thus need to further ruminate over degree of tolerance on labor legislation.
文摘Different methods have been proposed to screen for preterm labor and delivery; most of these aim to pre-dict the risk that preterm delivery is going to take place. However, interesting though this knowledge might be, knowing the future is of no use when no changes can be made. Recent publications have suggested new and exciting modalities to actually diminish the frequency of preterm birth in patients selected by transvaginal cervical length measurement; these modalities include vaginal progesterone and vaginal pessaries. Although promising, many questions remain to be answered; not least about the long term outcome for both neonates and mothers, but also on the eventual introduction of such strategies to the general obstetric population. One of the main problems that urgently needs clarifcation is how we are going to offer this best of medicine to those needing it most: deprived and socially isolated women who have the highest risk for preterm laborand delivery, probably not due to any congenital cervi-cal problems, but to a combination of environmental, microbiological and social factors, including transgen-erational poverty and deprivation.
文摘Globalization and technological change are transforming the ways in which buildings are being designed and built. An overlooked aspect of this development is its impact on construction labor, and the significance of labor for assessing the work of architecture. The paper draws upon the sociological concept of the “glocal” to analyse the construction site as the product of the tension between global and local conditions of architectural production and consumption. The construction of Preston Scott Cohen’s 2010 Tel Aviv Museum Addition serves as its case study for theorizing the “glocal” dynamics of digital architecture, building technology and construction labor. This methodological approach highlights the role of migrant guest workers and technological transfer in contemporary construction culture. To realize with precision the complex design under local constraints, the contractor developed a hybrid work process that interspersed labor saving automated manufacturing techniques with artisanal, skilled construction work. In addition, workers and contractors exercised a high level of control over the pace and method of construction, and devised building solutions which improved upon the architect’s design. In conclusion, the paper argues that construction activity differs from broader trends in manufacturing due to the self-reflexivity of architectural design to its condition of production, but that at the same time, this critical capacity is enabled by the globalization of construction labor.
基金Research in the Gao's laboratory is supported by National Key Research and Development Project 2022YFC2704602 and 2022YFC2704502National Natural Science Foundation of China 82120108011+1 种基金Major Project of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission’s Scientific Research and Innovation Plan 2021-01-07-00-07-E00144Strategic Collaborative Research Program of the Ferring Institute of Reproductive Medicine FIRMA200502.
文摘Preterm birth is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in newborns and children under 5 years-of-age.In order to improve the survival rate and quality of preterm infants,there is critical need to identify the specific mechanisms underlying the initiation of labor.Pregnancy represents a period of constant interactive dialog between mother and fetus.A disturbance in the pattern of maternal-fetal communication can induce physiological or pathological labor.Although a number of studies have investigated the contributions of maternal factors to the initiation of labor,the concept that fetal organ development and maternal adaptation are coordinated has emerged over recent years,thus emphasizing that factors of fetal origin may serve as hormonal signals for the initiation of labor.In this review,we summarize and discuss several specific mechanisms by which factors of fetal origin may influence parturition during term or preterm labor,including the specific regulation of fetal organs,including the lungs and accessory organs during pregnancy.Future research may focus on the specific pathways by which signals from the fetal lungs and other fetal organs interact with the maternal system to initiate eventual labor.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Project No.2019YFC1005203National Natural Science Foundation of China No.81771608 and 82120108011+2 种基金Major Project of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission’s Scientific Research and Innovation Plan No.2021-01-07-00-07-E00144“Dawn”Program of Shanghai Education Commission No.17SG36The Program for Professor of Special Appointment(Eastern Scholar)at Shanghai Institutions of Higher Learning.
文摘Preterm labor(before 37 weeks’gestation)is the leading cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity,which can be divided into iatrogenic preterm labor,infectious preterm labor,and spontaneous preterm labor(sPTL).Up to now,there continue to be great difficulties in prediction and prevention of sPTL,owing to multiple risk factors,pathogenesis,and pathologic processes contributing to the event,which have not been fully clarified.Pregnancy maintenance and parturition is a complicated process with continuous maternal-fetal dialogue,in which both maternal and fetal factors participate and affect the outcome of pregnancy,including sPTL.Besides,external factors can also participate in sPTL,individually or through the interaction with internal factors.In this article,we summarize recent studies regarding sPTL from our and other groups,and discuss the risk factors and pathogenesis of preterm birth from both external and internal(maternal and fetal)aspects,so as to provide theoretical evidences for the diagnosis,prevention,and treatment of sPTL in the future.