Rare and lacking typical clinical symptoms of liver tumors:Four case reports

BACKGROUND Rare liver tumors(RLTs)have an extremely low likelihood of forming,and some have been recorded only in isolated cases.The lack of normal clinical symptoms in RLTs makes preoperative diagnosis extremely challenging,which results in frequent misinterpretation.The present case report helps enhance our ability to recognize and treat uncommon liver tumor disorders.CASE SUMMARY We describe four distinct examples of rare liver tumor diseases.These cases were all true cases with no conventional clinical signs or imaging findings.In all patients,hepatic occupancy was discovered on physical examination,which raised the preoperative suspicion of hepatic cancer.All tumors were surgically removed,and postoperative histology and immunohistochemistry were performed to confirm the diagnosis.The first patient had primary hepatic fibrosarcoma.The second case involved a primary hepatic neuroendocrine tumors.These two patients had malignant liver tumors,and both had extremely satisfactory surgical outcomes.The third case involved focal hepatic steatosis,and the fourth case involved a single necrotic nodule in the liver.These two patients had benign liver tumors,but they had already undergone surgery and did not require any postoperative care.CONCLUSION The number of patients with RLTs is small,and the clinical and imaging results are vague.Preoperative diagnosis is challenging,and patients are sometimes mistakenly diagnosed with liver cancer,which leads to unnecessary surgical therapy in certain individuals.

Responses of Crop Yields and Soil Fertility to Long-term Nutrient Lacking

[Objective] Long-term （over 18 years） fertilization experiments were con- ducted to study the responses of crop yields and soil fertility to long-term nutrient lacking at Zhengzhou in China. [Method] The present study consisted of five treat- ments： 1 CK （no fertilizer or manure）, （2） NP （nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer applied）, 31 NK （nitrogen and potassium fertilizer applied）, 4 PK （phosphorus and potassium fertilizer applied） and ：5 NPK （nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertil- izer applied）. [Result] Lacking of nitrogen or phosphorus led to a low yield; however, there was no significant difference in grain yields between the NP and NPK treat- ments which maintained a higher yield. Receiving no phosphorus, soil available phosphorus content declined to about 2.5 mg/kg. The concentration of soil ex- changeable potassium remained constant at a level of 60 mg/kg under the treat- ments without potassium fertilizer addition. Soil potassium spontaneous supply ca- pacity fluctuated around 100%.[Conclusion] In fluvo-aquic soil, nitrogen and phos- phorus were two key limiting factors to grain yields, biomass and yield component factors of wheat and maize, while potassium was not. However, potassium defi- ciency may occur in the future if there was still no potassium fertilizer applied.

Analysis of T.S Eliot's The Waste Land

This essay put emphasis on the analysis T.S. Eliot's The Waste Land, pointing the masterpiece can be interpreted by three- levels, the person, the society and human race. Eliot also indicated two kinds of people, the one is just secularized, and the other one is lack of faith in The Waste Land. We can analyze the feeling of protagonist is afraid to live new life, but afraid of death, the important theme is corruption of sex.

Use of the tumor necrosis factor-blockers for Crohn's disease

The use of anti-tumor necrosis factor-α therapy for inflammatory bowel disease represents the most important advance in the care of these patients since the publication of the National Co-operative Crohn＇s disease study thirty years ago. The recommendations of numerous consensus groups worldwide are now supported by a wealth of clinical trials and several meta-analyses. In general, it is suggested that tumor necrosis factor-c~ blockers （TNFBs） are indicated （1） for persons with moderately-severe Crohn＇s disease or ulcerative colitis （UC） who have failed two or more causes of glucocorticosteroids and an acceptably long cause （8 wk to 12 wk） of an immune modulator such as azathioprine or methotrexate; （2） non-responsive perianal disease; and （3） severe UC not responding to a 3-d to 5-d course of steroids. Once TNFBs have been introduced and the patient is responsive, therapy given by the IV and SC rate must be continued. It remains open to definitive evidence if concomitant immune modulators are required with TNFB maintenance ther- apy, and when or if TNFB may be weaned and discon- tinued. The supportive evidence from a single study on the role of early versus later introduction of TNFB in the course of a patient＇s illness needs to be confirmed. The risk/benefit profile of TNFB appears to be accept- able as long as the patient is immunized and tested for tuberculosis and viral hepatitis before the initiation of TNFB, and as long as the long-term adverse effects on the development of lymphoma and other tumors do not prone to be problematic. Because the rates of ben- efits to TNFB are modest from a population perspec- tive and the cost of therapy is very high, the ultimate application of use of TNFBs will likely be established by cost/benefit studies.

Experimental study on transient behavior of semi-open two-phase thermosyphon

An experimental system was set up to measure the temperature, pressure, heat transfer rate and mass flow rate in a semi-open two-phase thermosyphon. The behaviors of a semi-open two-phase thermosyphon during startup, shutdown and lack of water were studied to get complete understanding of its thermal characteristics. The variation of wall temperature, heat-exchange condition and pressure fluctuations of semi-open two-phase thermosyphons showed that the startup of SOTPT needs about 60-70 min; the startup speed of SOTPT is determined by the startup speed of the condensation section; the average pressure in the heat pipe is equal to the environmental pressure usually; the shutdown of SOTPT needs about 30-50min; a semi-open two-phase thermosyphon has good response to lack of water accident.

Comparison between the SAPIEN S3 and the SAPIEN XT transcatheter heart valves:A single-center experience

AIM To investigate the clinical outcomes of transcatheter aortic valve implantation(TAVI) with the SAPIEN 3 transcatheter heart valve(S3-THV) vs the SAPIEN XT valve(XT-THV).METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 507 patients that underwent TAVI with the XT-THV and 283 patients that received the S3-THV at our institution between March 2010 and December 2015.RESULTS Thirty-day mortality(3.5% vs 8.7%:OR=0.44,P=0.21) and 1-year mortality(25.7% vs 20.1%,P=0.55) were similar in the S3-THV and the XT-THV groups.The rates of both major vascular complication and paravalvular regurgitation(PVR)>1 were almost 4 times lower in the S3-THV group than the XT-THV group(major vascular complication: 2.8% vs 9.9%,P<0.0001:PVR>1: 2.4% vs 9.7%,P<0.0001).However,the rate of new pacemaker implantation was almost twice as high in the S3-THV group(17.3% vs 9.8%,P=0.03).In the S3 group,independent predictors of new permanent pacemaker were pre-procedural RBBB(OR=4.9:P=0.001),pre-procedural PR duration(OR=1.14,P=0.05) and device lack of coaxiality(OR=1.13:P=0.05) during deployment.CONCLUSION The S3-THV is associated to lower rates of major vascular complications and PVR but higher rates of new pacemaker compared to the XT-THV.Sub-optimal visualization of the S3-THV in relation to the aortic valvular complex during deployment is a predictor of new permanent pacemaker.

Research on the lack of alloying in the galvannealed coating of automotive sheet steel

Samples of the cross section microstructures of galvannealed steel sheets that lack alloying were analyzed. X-ray diffraction （XRD） tests were carried out. The study discovers that the deficit of alloying was higher on both sides of the steel sheet when compared to the center and the thickness of the coating on the sides was also higher than the center. The results of the XRD tests demonstrate that the microstructure of the coating with a lack of alloy is mainly composed of zinc,ζ and δ. They also indicate that the lack of alloying is mainly due to a lower galvannealing temperature and thicker coating. It is shown by the optical micrographs of coating that the δ phase forms first in a discontinuous manner at the interface and then rapidly pushes towards the coating and enlarges.

The Disregarded HIV Prevention Strategies—Their Potential to Uphold the Pandemic, and the Challenges Facing Societies

The ongoing spread of HIV after sobering news about the goal “End of AIDS” is not encouraging, apart from regional differences. We focus on the consequences of the two essentially failed HIV prevention strategies in certain countries. The first failed because the correct messages concerning preventive behavior did not reach the required levels of target populations to interrupt HIV infection chains. There was a lack of appropriate framework conditions for the target populations to engage in the required scale. The additional biomedical strategy “Treatment as Prevention” didn’t achieve the breakthrough as was hoped. The consequences thereof affect the financial burden on societies, which can take several decades. We draw attention to the unbalanced principles of proportionality to which governments are committed, but which are practiced in favor of those vulnerable people;these people abuse their autonomy and contribute to the further spread of HIV at the expense of financial burdens, social and medical care systems;this behavior is tolerated, although the transmission of HIV is mostly preventable. We point to extreme tendencies, such as the chem-sex settings, whose unswayable participants engage in indirect violence against the societies. Another possible consequence of the still uncontrolled spread of HIV is the potential for HIV to increase its virulence.

Lack of association between cellular repressor of E1A-stimulated genes(GREG)polymorphisms and coronary artery disease in the Han population of North China

Objectives Phenotypic switching of smooth muscle cells(SMCs) plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic lesions such as coronary artery disease (CAD).Accumulating evidence demonstrates(hat a cellular repressor of E1A-stimulated genes(CREG) plays a role in the maintenance of the mature phenotype of vascular SMCs. The purpose of the present study was to assess the possible association between CREG and CAD in the Han population of North China.Methods The promoter region of CREG by direct sequencing was conducted in 48 subjects.Then SNP rs2995073 and another 4 tagSNPs(rs4657669,rs3767443, rsl6859185,rs3753921) were selected for the association study.All five selected SNPs were determined in 1161 patients with angiographically proven CAD and 960 controls with normal coronary angiograms to investigate the possible involvement of CREG in CAD.Results Genotype frequencies of the five examined polymorphisms were similarly distributed between CAD group and controls(P】0.05).Further haplotype analysis also found no significant differences in the distributions between CAD group and controls(P】0.05). Conclusions This study did not show an association between common variants of CREG and CAD in the northern Chinese Han population.

Human papillomaviruses as targets for cancer gene therapy

Gene therapy of human cancer is likely to bemost effective when it is directed at targets that areexpressed in cancer cells but are lacking from othercells. Human papillomaviruses (HPV) can providesuch target, since these viruses are present in manycervical and oral cancers, and likely to be etiologicagents of the tumor. The oncogenic ability of HPVhas been assigned primarily to its two early genes, E6and E7. Continued expression of these two genes

SCALAR CURVATURE TYPE PROBLEM ON THE THREE DIMENSIONAL BOUNDED DOMAIN

In this paper we prove an existence result for the nonlinear elliptic problem：-△u = Ku5,u 〉 0 in Ω,u = 0 on Ω,where Ω is a smooth bounded domain of R3 and K is a positive function in Ω.Our method relies on studying its corresponding subcritical approximation problem and then using a topological argument.

Development of a Method to Produce Chromosome Lacking Lines (CLLs) in <i>Nicotiana tabacum</i>L. “Red Russian”

Monosomic lines of Nicotiana tabacum are helpful to confirm the location of genes on specific chromosomes. In the cross N. nudicaulis and N. tabacum, hybrid seedlings express lethal symptoms, which are controlled by the S subgenome of N. tabacum. To identify the responsible chromosome, we needed to produce chromosome lacking lines (CLLs) of N. tabacum L. “Red Russian” and use them to cross with N. nudicaulis. From a cross of (N. tabacum × N. tomentosiformis) × N. tabacum, 380 BC1 individuals were obtained. Using a Haplo-Q line (a monosomic line lacking the single linkage group 11) and N. tabacum, we found that qPCR is a simple and reliable screening method for CLLs of N. tabacum. The marker PT30342 is located on linkage group 11, and the -Ct value (Ct Actin - Ct PT30342) was 2.0 for a disomic line and was 1.097 for a Haplo-Q line. By the use of flow cytometry, qPCR and chromosome counting together as a screening method, we identified 6 CLLs lacking 2 to 6 chromosomes. Compared with conventional methods, our method is a rapid technique for making and screening CLLs ofthe S or S/T subgenome of N. tabacum. Further, these CLLs will be useful to identify the location of two or more factors on chromosomes controlling a variety of genetic problems affecting breeding. Here, we only made CLLs of the S or S/T subgenome of N. tabacum. We will use the method established in this study to produce CLLs of the T subgenome of N. tabacum, and gather a full set of CLLs of N. tabacum. qPCR could also be applied to the identification of chromosome aberrations in other plants.

EFFECTS OF QUERCETIN ON MEMBRANE FLUIDITY OF INJURED VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL CELLS WITH HYPOXIA AND THE LACK OF GLUCOSE

Objective To study the effects of different concentrations of Quercetin on nitric oxide (NO) production and membrane fluidity of the injured human umbilical vein vascular endothelial cell line(ECV 304) with hypoxia and the lack of glucose. Methods The experiments were performed in the culture of ECV 304 injured with hypoxia and the lack of glucose in vitro. The releases of intracellular lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) of ECV 304 was measured with automatic biochemistry analysis. NO level of ECV 304 was monitored with colorimetry. The membrane fluidity of ECV 304 was measured with the fluorescence polarization method. Results After ECV 304 was cultured in hypoxia and the the lack of glucose for 24 hours, the release of LDH and the membrane fluidity were increased significantly; NO level was decreased. Preincubation of ECV 304 with 20, 80,160 μ mol·L -1 of Quercetin for 24 hours reduced LDH activity, membrane fluidity and increased the level of NO in hypoxia and the lack of glucose induced ECV 304. Conclusion These results demonstrate that Quercetin can produce the protective effect on hypoxia and the lack of glucose induced injury of ECV 304 by increasing release of NO and changing membrane fluidity.

Ethanolic Extract of <i>Nigella sativa</i>Seeds Lacks the Chemopreventive Efficacy in the Post Initiation Phase of DMH-Induced Colon Cancer in a Rat Model

Nigella sativa, belonging to the Ranunculacea family, is a versatile phytochemical mine bestowed with multi-dimensional medicinal effects. The current study was performed to investigate the chemopreventive efficacy, if any, of the ethanolic extract of indigenous Nigella sativa seeds (ENS) and to evaluate its potentials on tumor progression during the initiation and post initiation phases of Dimethylhydrazine-induced colon carcinogenesis in a rat model. ENS treatment during the initiation phase unveiled chemopreventive effect manifested by significant reductions in tumor incidence, multiplicity and tumor volumes. Histopathological findings and modified Duke’s classification of tumors provided evidence that ENS, administered in the initiation phase, is capable of delaying progression, restricting invasion and attenuating aggressiveness of colon tumors. These results imply that ENS may be a promising candidate in the primary prevention of colon cancer. On the contrary, we demonstrated that ENS lacked chemopreventive and tumorigenesis inhibitory effects in the post initiation phase. We speculate that the chemopreventive effect of ENS might be due to the synergistic actions of various constituents present in the extract. However, extensive studies are warranted and more efforts need to be dedicated to fractionate, analyze and to further appraise the anticancer effect of ENS before any definitive conclusions can be drawn.

Michel Houellebecq： The Era of Emptiness

Michel Houellebecq is perhaps the most successful, the most famous and controversial of all current novelists writing in French. He has become a global publishing phenomenon： His books have been translated worldwide, film adaptations of his novels have been produced, and the author is the subject of a million-euro publishing deals and successive media scandals in France. The novels depict surprising forms of imaginary resources, a radiating end of the world, a post-nuclear anxiety, and depressive characters. Houellebecq shocks us leaving us in a world where the feelings of love, tenderness and goodwill have disappeared. The purpose of Houellebecq＇s novels is to alert about the real problems of the human society in the twenty-first century. Indeed, in the books we can easily recognize the essential features of contemporary society and the fact that the individual assumes a dehumanization process in which one has to cope with his solitude in a world of emptiness. This socio-cultural dimension is indeed the background of Houellebecq＇s novels, novels in which the protagonists seem to be wedged in a mechanism from which it is difficult to escape： reification and dehumanization on the one hand, ＂robotization＂ of love on the other. This article focuses on the analysis of the texts revealing the poignant characteristics of＂L＇Ere du vide＂ （＂The Era of Emptiness＂） as described by Gilles Lipovetsky： Loneliness, the lack of love and its replacement by sexual relations.

The Enlightenment of German “Dual System” to China's Vocational Education Reform

This article analyzes the enlightenment of studying the German"dual system"under the new situation for our country's promotion of enterprises to participate in vocational education and elaborates on the nature of German"dual system"of skills training,the core role of enterprises and the motivation of economic subsidies.Based on expounding the current situation of our vocational education,this article focuses on the analysis of key issues affecting the quality of vocational education in our country and the reasons why Chinese enterprises lack motivation to participate in vocational education.Finally,based on the enlightenment of Germany's"dual system",it is pointed out that our country's vocational education reform should adopt effective measures of economic subsidies to strengthen the motivation of enterprises to participate in vocational education.

Study on the lack of social security employment in the process of citizenization of the new generation of migrant workers in Jilin Province

Jilin Province, the new generation of migrant workers is an important force in the modernization construction of our province, the new generation of migrant workers into the city is the urbanization of new generation migrant workers directly affects the industrialization in the province, city and modernization level, the new generation of migrant workers into the city has an important role in the urban and rural development. The citizenization of migrant workers is a necessary measure to conform to the trend of historical development, and the government has also been committed to the promotion of the citizenization of migrant workers. The problem of the citizenization of the new generation of migrant workers in our province is based on giving full consideration to the actual situation of migrant workers in our province and drawing on the problems of migrant workers＇ integration into cities in other areas. The citizenization of migrant workers is an important way to improve the urbanization of our province, has a direct impact on the modernization process of our province. To promote and realize the integration of the new generation of migrant workers into the city is an inevitable requirement for China＇ s national conditions and the development of the times.

Discussing Young Adult Literature in Norway. Interdisciplinary Comments Inspired by Modern Theory

Young adult and children＇s literature from Norway （Scandinavia） is often considered to be among the world＇s leading in the genre. This has taken place in a period of rapid cultural modernization. This article will discuss Norwegian young adult and children＇s literature from the perspective of social and cultural theory. The paper will go beyond the strictly aesthetic field and discuss young adult and children＇s literature from the perspectives of three internally related, though different continental modern theories, two of them left Hegelian. One of the great names of this school of theory of socialization is Thomas Ziehe, German theorist of ＂Sozialisationstheorie＂, Ziehe gives some clues for a new description of the implied readers inscribed in this literature. Axel Honneth is another theorist who has implications for general humaniora. His theory of recognition, fruitful for social sciences, may also give a clue for a metatheory of literature. Young adult and children＇s literature is also subject to changes of simulacric order and of the cultural disorder of the age of extremes, as Jean Baudrillard wrote about in his book The Transparency of Evil.

Research On The Lack Of Young College Teachers＇ Professional Ethics And Precautionary Measures

Our country＇s higher education has been growing, which will bring a large number of young people to join the ranks of higher education. At present, the proportion of young university teachers accounted for more than 45% of the total number of university teachers. This paper puts forward the corresponding countermeasures, based on the analysis of young teachers＇ issues of professional ethics missing,to further strengthen the professional ethics of young teachers, regulate their professional conduct, prompting the establishment of higher education dedicated the noble faith, and make due contributions to the cause of higher education.

Strong Synergy Opportunities for Africa in the Belt and Road Initiative

The lack of physical and institutional infrastructure connectivity has long been the historical deficit challenging the pan-Africanist vision. This is equally true of Africa's agenda for regional integration and constmction of economies of scale for efficient assimilation into the global value chain.