Comprehensive Management and Protection of Lakes in Kaifeng

Through analysing pollution source and status quo of the main lakes in Kaifeng,such as Dragon Pavilion Lake and Baogong Lake,the conclusion is that Kaifeng＇s lake environment has been in a greater pollution condition. For lake pollution situation,we put forward comprehensive management and protection approaches of lakes,including the relocation of businesses around the lake,plugging the sewage outfall surrounding lakes,dredging and deeply digging to increase the water environment capacity of lake. By dredging the river,the lakes in urban district connect together. Controlling aquaculture scale of lakes,the ecological function of the lake is played. Constructing drainage network around the lake,integration of landscape and lake flood control is formed. Adding new water into lakes,stagnant water becomes flowing water. We sum up the experience of lake management and protection： strengthening protection awareness is the key; lake remediation is the fundamental; attention to ecological protection of the lake is the most important factor in the development of lakes; exploiting a variety of functions of the lakes including landscaping,tourism,recreation,aquaculture,public health is the goal.

Value Assessment of the Lake Hpnghu Wetland and Protection of Its Biodiversity

A wetland ecosystem's value may be considered as the value derived from its natural resources, the value derived from its eco-environment, the value for special protection and values in cultural, research and educational aspects. Lake Honghu, in the heartland of Hubei Province, covers a vast but shallow body of water and surrounding marshlands. It is conducive to farmland irrigation, flooding regulation, adjustment of the local climate and self-purification of the water quality. Because of its benign functions, the native ecosystem of the lake is ecologically sound, and the thriving wildlife in its ecosystem makes it a primordial pool of biodiversity. Besides, it is possible to transform it into a national base for environmental education and an R&D center for freshwater organisms, so that it can play a constructive role in heightening the public's awareness of environmental protection.

Tourist Willingness to Pay for Protected Area Ecotourism Resources and Influencing Factors at the Hulun Lake Protected Area

We examined the Hulun Lake protected area（HLPA）and tourist willingness to pay（WTP）for ecotourism resources using the contingent valuation method（CVM）.Eight hundred questionnaires were distributed in the HLPA and 708 questionnaires were collected.To establish the relationship between variables and WTP,11 variables were incorporated into the model.Social trust factors and awareness factor were for the first time applied to the models,and two bid equations were obtained by the first and second bid.We found that tourist WTP for ecotourism resources in the HLPA was CNY 14 710 389 in 2010,indicating that tourists have a large WTP for protected area ecotourism resources.Most tourists（79.9%）were willing to pay for ecotourism resources and 21.1%tourists were unwilling to pay.The most common explanation for unwillingness to pay was that it was the government’s responsibility,influenced by special social and economic characteristics in China and indicating that Chinese residents lack resource protection awareness and participation.Income and the awareness of being in a protected area most significantly affected WTP.Trusting protected area authorities significantly affected WTP.Tourists’satisfaction affected WTP negatively in the first equation and WTP positively in the second equation.These results reveal that tourists had large WTP for ecotourism resources.To improve the WTP for ecotourism resources,the protected area management department could use third-party monitoring mechanisms and accounting systems to strengthen tourists’trust,and increase ecological education and modify the＂one site,several brands＂management system.