One of the principal fundamentals of post-independence development projects in India has been land acquisition. Most of these projects have caused major changes in land use, leading to dispossession and displacement o...One of the principal fundamentals of post-independence development projects in India has been land acquisition. Most of these projects have caused major changes in land use, leading to dispossession and displacement of a large number of people and their involuntary resettlement in other areas. Development induced displacement brings loss of productive assets, dismantling of social networks, destruction of ancestral property, and even increased morbidity and mortality rates in some instances. Therefore, this paper seeks to explore further the micro-level impact of agricultural land acquisition on livelihood pattern of both genders to the establishment of the industry on the fertile agricultural land in the k＇haragpur subdivision of Paschim Medinipur district in the early 1990s with the cooperation of West Bengal Government, India. Land acquisition without any policy of rehabilitation caused not only landlessness but also created joblessness among the affected population and at the family level, it has resulted food insecurity and increased workload among the women. The women on the other hand made desperate attempts to cope up the burden by working within and outside the domestic domain.展开更多
The concept of sustainable livelihood is an attempt to go beyond the conventional definitions and approaches to poverty eradication. These had been found to be too narrow because they focused only on certain aspects o...The concept of sustainable livelihood is an attempt to go beyond the conventional definitions and approaches to poverty eradication. These had been found to be too narrow because they focused only on certain aspects or manifestations of poverty, such as low income, or did not consider other vital aspects of poverty such as vulnerability and social exclusion. It is now recognized that more attention must be paid to the various factors and processes which either constrain or enhance poor people＇s ability to make a living in an economically, ecologically, and socially sustainable manner. Construction of nuclear power plants in Vietnam is in the first step of implementing and will be allocated in Thuan Nam and Ninh Hai districts, Ninh Thuan province, an agricultural and poor province in Vietnam. This requires a large area of land mobilized, thus a part of popupation living in the project area has to move far away. Besides the positive effects of this project, there are significantly negative impacts on the people living in the project areas and nearby, and their livelihoods are seriously affected. This paper aims at assessing the impact of the nuclear power plants construction on the livelihoods of people in two districts in Ninh Thuan province, in order to have mechanisms and policies to support reasonably and effectively, contributing to stabilize people＇s lives and local development.展开更多
During the course of urbanization and industrialization, a growing number of farmers have become landless as local governments have bought out their land for non-agricultural uses. Even in the localities where the ind...During the course of urbanization and industrialization, a growing number of farmers have become landless as local governments have bought out their land for non-agricultural uses. Even in the localities where the industrialization process absorbs a vast majority of rural labor, the questions of how to compensate for the economic shock on the rural landless and how to alleviate and eliminate mental suffering as a result of losing land have always been a challenge to government capacity in social stabilization and a yardstick to measure social justice in local communities. In the administration areas of Suzhou City in Jiangsu Province, governments at all levels have successfully coped with this challenge. By means of ＂swapping land for old-age support＂ and income redistribution, Suzhou municipality has not only met the demand on land for urbanization and industrialization while maintaining social stability, but also laid a foundation for establishing an integrated pension system for both urban and rural residents. Such a system has changed the tradition of farmers＇ households relying on land to deal with economic risk and of the aged depending on their sons for livelihood support in rural society.展开更多
文摘One of the principal fundamentals of post-independence development projects in India has been land acquisition. Most of these projects have caused major changes in land use, leading to dispossession and displacement of a large number of people and their involuntary resettlement in other areas. Development induced displacement brings loss of productive assets, dismantling of social networks, destruction of ancestral property, and even increased morbidity and mortality rates in some instances. Therefore, this paper seeks to explore further the micro-level impact of agricultural land acquisition on livelihood pattern of both genders to the establishment of the industry on the fertile agricultural land in the k＇haragpur subdivision of Paschim Medinipur district in the early 1990s with the cooperation of West Bengal Government, India. Land acquisition without any policy of rehabilitation caused not only landlessness but also created joblessness among the affected population and at the family level, it has resulted food insecurity and increased workload among the women. The women on the other hand made desperate attempts to cope up the burden by working within and outside the domestic domain.
文摘The concept of sustainable livelihood is an attempt to go beyond the conventional definitions and approaches to poverty eradication. These had been found to be too narrow because they focused only on certain aspects or manifestations of poverty, such as low income, or did not consider other vital aspects of poverty such as vulnerability and social exclusion. It is now recognized that more attention must be paid to the various factors and processes which either constrain or enhance poor people＇s ability to make a living in an economically, ecologically, and socially sustainable manner. Construction of nuclear power plants in Vietnam is in the first step of implementing and will be allocated in Thuan Nam and Ninh Hai districts, Ninh Thuan province, an agricultural and poor province in Vietnam. This requires a large area of land mobilized, thus a part of popupation living in the project area has to move far away. Besides the positive effects of this project, there are significantly negative impacts on the people living in the project areas and nearby, and their livelihoods are seriously affected. This paper aims at assessing the impact of the nuclear power plants construction on the livelihoods of people in two districts in Ninh Thuan province, in order to have mechanisms and policies to support reasonably and effectively, contributing to stabilize people＇s lives and local development.
文摘During the course of urbanization and industrialization, a growing number of farmers have become landless as local governments have bought out their land for non-agricultural uses. Even in the localities where the industrialization process absorbs a vast majority of rural labor, the questions of how to compensate for the economic shock on the rural landless and how to alleviate and eliminate mental suffering as a result of losing land have always been a challenge to government capacity in social stabilization and a yardstick to measure social justice in local communities. In the administration areas of Suzhou City in Jiangsu Province, governments at all levels have successfully coped with this challenge. By means of ＂swapping land for old-age support＂ and income redistribution, Suzhou municipality has not only met the demand on land for urbanization and industrialization while maintaining social stability, but also laid a foundation for establishing an integrated pension system for both urban and rural residents. Such a system has changed the tradition of farmers＇ households relying on land to deal with economic risk and of the aged depending on their sons for livelihood support in rural society.
