Primary gastroduodenal tuberculosis presenting as gastric outlet obstruction:A case report and review of literature

BACKGROUND Mycobacterium tuberculosis(TB)is the causative agent of TB,a chronic granulo-matous illness.This disease is prevalent in low-income countries,posing a significant global health challenge.Gastrointestinal TB is one of the three forms.The disease can mimic other intra-abdominal conditions,leading to delayed diagnosis owing to the absence of specific symptoms.While gastric outlet obs-truction(GOO)remains a frequent complication,its incidence has declined with the advent of proton pump inhibitors and Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy.Gastroduodenal TB can cause upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage,obstruction,and malignancy-like tumors.CASE SUMMARY A 23-year-old male presented with recurrent epigastric pain,distension,nausea,vomiting,and weight loss,prompting a referral to a gastroenterologist clinic.Endoscopic examination revealed distorted gastric mucosa and signs of chronic inflammation.However,treatment was interrupted,possibly owing to vomiting or comorbidities such as human immunodeficiency virus infection or diabetes.Subsequent surgical intervention revealed a dilated stomach and diffuse thickening of the duodenal wall.Resection revealed gastric wall effacement with TB.CONCLUSION Primary gastric TB is rare,frequently leading to GOO.Given its rarity,suspicions should be promptly raised when encountering relevant symptoms,often requiring surgical intervention for diagnosis and treatment.

Navigating Market Choices: Understanding Carrot Market Outlet Selection among Smallholder Farmers in Kenya

This research delves into the hurdles and strategies aimed at augmenting the market involvement of smallholder carrot farmers in Nakuru County, Kenya. Employing a Multinomial Logit (MNL) model, it scrutinizes the factors influencing the selection of marketing outlets among carrot farmers. The findings unveil that a significant majority (81%) of surveyed farmers actively participate in diverse market outlets, encompassing the farm gate, cleaning point, local market, external market, and export market. Notably, pivotal buyers include aggregators, brokers, wholesalers, retailers, and consumers, with transactions predominantly occurring at the farm level. Additionally, the analysis discerns substantial influences of socio-economic characteristics, experiential factors, and geographical proximity on farmers’ choices of market outlets. Specifically, gender, age, land size, farming experience, and distance to markets emerge as critical determinants. Moreover, the study delves into the examination of market margins along the carrot value chain, shedding light on the potential profitability of carrot farming in the region. Remarkably, higher average gross margins are identified in export and external markets, signaling lucrative prospects for farmers targeting these segments. However, disparities in profit distribution between farmers and traders underscore the necessity for interventions to ensure equitable value distribution throughout the value chain. These findings underscore the imperative for tailored interventions to tackle challenges and foster inclusive agricultural development. Strategies such as farmer organizations, contracting, and vertical integration are advocated to enhance market access and profitability for smallholder carrot farmers. Thus, this study enriches our comprehension of the dynamics within carrot value chains and provides valuable insights for policymakers and development practitioners aiming to uplift rural livelihoods and bolster food security.

Endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastroenterostomy for gastric outlet obstruction in Mexico

BACKGROUND Endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastroenterostomy(EUS-GE)has recently emerged as an alternative treatment for gastric outlet obstruction(GOO)in selected patients.AIM To report the initial experience of EUS-GE in patients with GOO.METHODS This study was a retrospective,observational,multicenter study in which the data from 10 patients who underwent EUS-GE due to GOO between September 2021 and May 2023 were collected.We analyzed technical success,clinical success,adverse events,and survival.Technical success was defined as adequate positioning and deployment of the stent.Clinical success was defined as the patient’s ability to tolerate oral intake without vomiting 7 d after the procedure.Postprocedural adverse events were recorded.RESULTS Eleven procedures in 10 patients with GOO were included.The mean age of the patients was 67.5 years(range:56-77 years).Malignant GOO was present in 9 patients.Technical success was achieved in 9/11 procedures(82%).Among them,clinical success was achieved in 9 patients(100%).Adverse events occurred in 1 patient(9%).The median survival was 3 months(n=7;range:1-8 months).CONCLUSION EUS-GE is a feasible therapeutic option in the treatment of GOO.

中国OUTLETS零售业态经营模式探析

OUTLETS是当代较为流行的零售业态之一,在中国有很大的市场容量,但同时也对目前的零售业格局形成一定影响。本文首先介绍了OUTLETS的形成和经营特点;其次论述了OUTLETS在中国产生的背景,分析了目前中国OUTLETS的经营现状及存在问题;最后,在分析当前中国零售业经营环境的基础上,从宏观和微观两个层面探讨了OUTLETS的经营战略和策略。

国内外OUTLETS比较及对策思考

针对杭州和国内主要城市的OUTLETS进行调研分析,与国外OUTLETS的成功原因比较并找出差距,提出相应对策和展望。研究认为其对策包括:政府扶持;发挥行业协会的宣传引导作用;OUTLETS折扣店自身应加强货源及物流;提高管理水平、员工素质,实行信息化;从服务、购物环境、选址等方面提升营销能力。

Unsustainable Land-Based Source Pollution in a Climate of Change: A Roadblock to the Conservation and Recovery of Elkhorn Coral <i>Acropora palmata</i>(Lamarck 1816)

Chronic eutrophication and turbidity are critical detrimental factors impacting coral reef ecosystems, adversely affecting their ecological functions, services, benefits, and resilience across multiple spatial scales and over prolonged periods of time. Inadequate land use practices and lack of appropriate sewage treatment can adversely contribute to increase land-based source pollution (LBSP) impacts in coastal waters and to magnify impacts by sea surface warming trends associated to climate change. Fringing coral reefs off Vega Baja, Puerto Rico, support extensive remnant patches of Elkhorn coral Acropora palmata (Lamarck 1816), which was listed in 2006 as a threatened species under the US Endangered Species Act. Chronic impacts by LBSP have significantly affected local downstream fringing reefs. We characterized the spatial extent of a water quality stress gradient across 12 reefs along the Vega Baja coast through monthly measurements of multiple physico-chemical parameters. Most parameters, particularly PO4, , chlorophyll-a, and the concentration of optical brighteners (OABs), showed a statistically significant increase (PERMANOVA, p < 0.05) in waters close to the main pollution sources, but also in waters adjacent to Cibuco River effluents. Dissolved oxygen also declined and turbidity increased on polluted sites. PO4, , and chlorophyll-a, exceeded recommended concentrations for coral reef ecosystems by factors of 7 - 50 times, 600 - 1240 times, and 17 - 83 times, respectively, depending on the source of the effluents and the distance from sewage pollution sources. Also, water turbidity exceeded 4 - 10 times the recommended value for pristine coral reefs. Coral reefs showed significant decline in close proximity to the polluted zone, showing a significantly different benthic community structure (PERMANOVA, p < 0.0001) dominated by non-reef building taxa (i.e., macroalgae, algal turf) and bare substrate. Percent coral cover and abundance of A. palmata, showed a significant increase with distance. Coral species richness, species diversity index, and the variance in taxonomic distinctness were very low on reef patches adjacent to the polluted zone, increased at a moderate distance with increasing coral cover and co-existence of multiple species, and declined far from the pollution source due to dominance exerted by A. palmata. This study suggests that chronic LBSP resulted in a major decline of one of the largest and most dense remnant stands of A. palmata across the northeastern Caribbean and that nutrient and chlorophyll-a concentrations were unsustainable for coral reefs. This situation requires immediate solution to prevent further damage to these unprecedented resources. It further suggests that chronic LBSP may synergistically magnify sea-surface warming impacts driving corals to an increased state of risk in face of forecasted climate change impacts. Actions to mitigate and adapt to climate change impacts on coral reefs must require a priori controls of LBSP to be effective.

Distribution Characteristics of Specialty Snack Outlets in Beijing Downtown Area:Take Shaxian Snacks and Chengdu Snacks Outlets as Examples

Snacks are an important part of the catering industry,whose spatial pattern distribution will directly affect the behavior of residents and tourists decision-making.Therefore,this paper chose 'Shaxian snacks' and 'Chengdu snacks' outlets in the downtown area of Beijing as the research object,taking POI data and GIS spatial data as data sources,using GIS spatial analysis and nuclear density estimation method,to make a comparative analysis of the spatial distribution characteristics of snack outlets in downtown of Beijing.The results showed that(1) distribution characteristics of snacks outlets in each district varied greatly.(2) Distribution differences of both snacks outlets in each circle was in significant.(3) Distribution of snacks outlets from the center to the periphery along the ring roads took on the "pyramid type".(4) Distribution of snacks outlet show stronger proximity to road than to subway.Distribution characteristics of the snack outlets included(1) Spatial distribution of the snacks outlets showed weak centrality.(2) The snacks outlets showed significant characteristics of spatial aggregation with great differences in internal structure.According to the above conclusions,combined with municipal planning,this paper according to the classification of the city,put forward suggestions on the distribution of snack outlets in Beijing,(1) Recombine the snack outlets in old urban districts.(2) According to the city functional orientation,redistribute the snack outlets in new urban districts.

Structure and Performance of the Retail Outlets of Honey in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

The study aimed at analyzing the most important factors affecting the retail marketing of honey in Saudi Arabia. Cross sectional survey was employed using field interview (direct contact) with a random sample of 343 retail outlets represented all its forms and patterns in seven major cities in Saudi Arabia. Measurements like market share, Gini coefficient and Herfindahl Hirschman Index (HHI) were used to estimate the indicators of market structure and its performance. The result showed that the structure of honey retail market is generally closer to pure competition with a small concentration in some areas. Gini coefficients of concentration, as well as the values of the Herfindahl Hirschman Index (HHI) were relatively low for retailers. The average marketing margin was about SAR 6.4/Kg for local honey while the marketing margin of imported honey was about SAR 113/Kg. The high profit margin variation between local and imported honey is due to the high marketing costs, lower supplied quantity and higher demand for local honey. The estimated cost of marketing of onekilogram of honey was about 8 SAR at the retail level. From retailers’ point of view, low quality, lack of marketing services, improper display, high rental property, lack of knowledge and experience of the consumer about properties and quality characteristics honey, high prices and shortage of some varieties of honey in some specific season are the most important problems of honey marketing in the Saudi market. Setting priorities between different brands of honey plays a noticeable role in marketing. Some honey producers and traders were very concerned about unfair competition of honey market through high promotion as a brand based on their long history in the production and supply of high-quality varieties of honey from specific and well-known varieties. Hence, intensive awareness creation effort through training, exhibition, media and advertisement are required to improve the perception of consumers towards the local honey.

Spatial Distribution Assessment and Source Apportionment of Land-Based Pollutant Yield from Qingdao, China

The spatial distribution of chemical oxygen demand(COD) and total nitrogen(TN) yield from Qingdao are studied by comparing pollutant yield amount, densities and spatial aggregation(Getis-Ord indexes) among the land-based pollutant source regions(PSRs) entering the three sub-seas(i.e. the Jiaozhou Bay(JZB), other coastal area in the Yellow Sea(OCAYS) and Laizhou Bay(LZB), respectively). Industrial composition of the loads are also studied by comparing pollutant yield among the sources of agriculture, rural domesticity, industry, urban domesticity and service, and calculation of Gini coefficient. Results show that spatial distribution of COD and TN yield from Qingdao are extremely unbalanced. The JZB, with less than 3% of the total coastal sea area of Qingdao, received 62% COD load and 65% TN yield from Qingdao, while the OCAYS, with more than 97% area, only received 23% COD and 20% TN, which consist with the much worsen water quality of JZB than that of OCAYS. On the other hand, the source apportionment of COD and TN loads in the PSRs entering JZB and the OCAYS was similar. The agricultural and domestic sources with high pollution intensity account for more than 80%, while the industrial and service sources with low pollution intensity account for less than 20%. While Gini coefficients, COD 0.81 and TN 0.84 which are much higher than the ‘imbalance' threshold of 0.4, show the uneven industrial structure of Qingdao. These results may be useful in the determination of land-based pollution total amount control at the PSR level.

Analysis of Outlets Retail Market Based on Chinese Tourists

Outlets are a new challenge to the retail industry after the continuous development of the market economy.However,academic research on outlets is very scarce.The purpose of this research is to study the relationship between outlets'marketing methods and customer perception.This research cooperates with Shanghai International Fashion Education Center(SIFEC),and conducts convenience sampling on the research objects as the samples.By using quantitative research methods and questionnaire survey tools,the researchers studied the relationships among experience marketing,perceived value,customer satisfaction and loyalty of customers to outlets.The research found that outlets'experience marketing will influence customer perceived value effectively and affect consumer satisfaction and loyalty indirectly.

Transoral outlet reduction:Outcomes of endoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass revision in 284 patients at a community practice

BACKGROUND Transoral outlet reduction(TORe)is a minimally invasive endoscopic revision of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass(RYGB)for weight recurrence;however,little has been published on its clinical implementation in the community setting.AIM To characterize the safety and efficacy of TORe in the community setting for adults with weight recurrence after RYGB.METHODS This is a retrospective cohort study of argon plasma coagulation and purse-string suturing for gastric outlet reduction in consecutive adults with weight recurrence after RYGB at a single community center from September 2020 to September 2022.Patients were provided longitudinal nutritional support via virtual visits.The primary outcome was total body weight loss(TBWL)at twelve months from TORe.Secondary outcomes included TBWL at three months and six months;excess weight loss(EWL)at three,six,and twelve months;twelve-month TBWL by obesity class;predictors of twelve-month TBWL;rates of post-TORe stenosis;and serious adverse events(SAE).Outcomes were reported with descriptive statistics.RESULTS Two hundred eighty-four adults(91.9%female,age 51.3 years,body mass index 39.3 kg/m^(2))underwent TORe an average of 13.3 years after RYGB.Median pre-and post-TORe outlet diameter was 35 mm and 8 mm,respectively.TBWL was 11.7%±4.6%at three months,14.3%±6.3%at six months,and 17.3%±7.9%at twelve months.EWL was 38.4%±28.2%at three months,46.5%±35.4%at six months,and 53.5%±39.2%at twelve months.The number of follow-up visits attended was the strongest predictor of TBWL at twelve months(R^(2)=0.0139,P=0.0005).Outlet stenosis occurred in 11 patients(3.9%)and was successfully managed with endoscopic dilation.There was one instance of post-procedural nausea requiring overnight observation(SAE rate 0.4%).CONCLUSION When performed by an experienced endoscopist and combined with longitudinal nutritional support,purse-string TORe is safe and effective in the community setting for adults with weight recurrence after RYGB.

Retail Outlets and City Centrality: Perspectives from a Sub-Saharan African City

Sub-Saharan African cities are uniquely characterized by retail competition influencing outlet location.This work focused on revealing retail outlet location in Uyo and its relationship with distances from the Central Business Districts.Distance was measured along the six major arterial roads that link the city to the central business districts by the use of Google Map[5]Distance Calculator and itouch maps[7]technology.Six arteries were divided into four distinct spaces in kilometers namely 0-1km,1-2km,2-3km,3-4km.Retail Outlets were grouped into ten classes.Data was analysed using distance in kilometers from the Central Business District as variable Y1.The independent variables X1,X2,X3,X4,X5 and X6 were the six major arteries represented by the location of each specific retail outlet group.Utilising SPSS version 20 software the results reflected centre a 47.9 percent variation in retail outlets location with correlation coefficient(R)of 69.2%revealing a strong relationship between the distances from the Central Business Districts and the location of retail outlets located across the six major arteries.H1 was accepted which states a significant relationship in the location of retail outlets as distance increase from the city centre across the linkages.This confirms a strong intensity of location of retail outlets in the city centre with a gradual decline as distance increase from the centre.Although there was an increase in intensity of retail outlets in junctions away from the Central Business Districts according to multiple nuclei concept.It is recommended that urban expansion through growth poles.Aim:To access the relationship between retail outlets location and distance from central business district in a Uyo.Research Questions:This work provided answers to the following questions:1.Where are these retail outlets located in the city space?2.What is the relationship between Retail outlets and the distance from the City Centre?Objectives:1.To explain the distribution of location of retail outlets in city space.2.To reveal the relationship between Retail Outlets and distance from the City Centre.Hypothesis:There is no significant relationship between the distance from the central business district and the location of retail outlets.

Numerical Study of Mixed Convection in an Isosceles Trapezoidal Cavity with Several Outlets: Application for Primary Air Draft in ASUTO Charcoal Stove

Mixed convection of heat and mass transfer in an isosceles trapezoidal cavity has been studied numerically. Constant heat flux is imposed through four outlets and the grid is insulated. The inclined walls are maintained in natural convection while the lower horizontal wall is adiabatic. These conditions reflect the air draft zone of the ASUTO charcoal stove. The governing two-di- mensional flow equations have been solved by using the finite difference method and Thomas’s algorithm. The investigations are conducted for different values of Richardson (Ri), Reynolds number (Re) and inclination angles of sidewalls. The results are presented in terms of streamlines, isotherms, moisture contours. It was found that for Reynolds number (Re) equal to 100, the flow pattern is strongly dependent on the inclination angle and Richardson number. Thus, for high Richardson number (Ri) values (10, 100), the dominance of natural convection over the flow structure decreases with the decreasing of the inclination angle of sidewalls of the cavity. For Ri = 1, an optimum air draft corresponds to an inclination angle in the vicinity of 22° while for Ri = 10 or 100 (in dominance of natural convection), the optimum inclination angle for air draft is in the vicinity of 15°.

Modified stomach-partitioning gastrojejunostomy for initially unresectable advanced gastric cancer with outlet obstruction: A case report

BACKGROUND Chemotherapy followed by gastrojejunostomy remains the main treatment for unresectable gastric cancer(GC)in the middle-or lower-third regions with gastric outlet obstruction(GOO).Radical surgery is performed as part of a multimodal treatment strategy for selected patients who respond well to chemotherapy.This study describes a case of successful radical resection with completely laparoscopic subtotal gastrectomy after a modified stomach-partitioning gastrojejunostomy(SPGJ)for obstruction relief,in a patient with GOO.CASE SUMMARY During the initial esophagogastroduodenoscopy,an advanced growth was detected in the lower part of the stomach,which caused an obstruction in the pyloric ring.Following this,a computed tomography(CT)scan revealed the presence of lymph node metastases and tumor invasion in the duodenum,but no evidence of distant metastasis was found.Consequently,we performed a modified SPGJ,a complete laparoscopic SPGJ combined with No.4sb lymph node dissection,for obstruction relief.Seven courses of adjuvant capecitabine plus oxaliplatin combined with Toripalimab(programmed death ligand-1 inhibitor)were administered thereafter.A preoperative CT showed partial response;therefore,completely laparoscopic radical subtotal gastrectomy with D2 lymphadenectomy was performed after conversion therapy,and pathological complete remission was achieved.CONCLUSION Laparoscopic SPGJ combined with No.4sb lymph node dissection was an effective surgical technique for initially unresectable GC with GOO.

Outcomes of Transcatheter Closure in Outlet-Type Ventricular Septal Defect after 1 Year

Background:Ventricular septal defect(VSD)is the most common congenital heart disease.Transcatheter VSD closure is an effective treatment for patients with muscular and perimembranous VSD.However,there is a limit data for outlet VSD,especially impact to the aortic valve leaflet after transcatheter closure.This study aims to assess the outcomes of transcatheter closure of the outlet-type ventricular septal defect(OVSD)after 1 postoperative year.Methods:A retrospective study was performed including 50 patients who underwent transcatheter(n=25)and surgical(n=25)OVSD closure during the exact time frame at two medical centres.Results:The median age and body weight of patients in the transcatheter group were significantly higher than those of patients in the surgical group(7.0 vs.2.8 years;27.0 vs.11.4 kg;p<0.01).The defect size in the surgical group was significantly larger than that in the transcatheter group(5.0 vs.3.0 mm;p<0.01).All OVSD patients have successful transcatheter closure(100%)as effective as surgical closure.Less than small residual shunt was present 20%and 8%immediately after the procedure in the transcatheter and surgical groups(p=0.50),which decreased to 12%and 4%at the 1-year follow-up(p=0.61),respectively.No incidence of complete atrioventricular block and other complications was observed in both groups,and no significant differences were noted in the new onset or worsening of the aortic regurgitation in both groups(p=1.0).Conclusions:Transcatheter treatment could be effectively and safely achieved for OVSD closure at 1-year follow-up.

热风加热沥青路面冲击射流共轭传热特性

为提高热风加热沥青路面的就地再生加热效果,基于热风冲击射流对流换热和沥青路面内部导热的共轭传热过程,建立了热风加热沥青路面的冲击射流共轭传热理论模型,选取有限容积法得到了共轭传热模型的通用离散方程,采用压力-速度耦合半隐式算法(semi-implicit method for pressure linked equations,SIMPLE)获得了整个求解域内温度场分布,选取平均热流密度和平均换热系数反映沥青路面加热效果,通过正交试验研究了热风出口速度和热风出口温度对路面加热效果的影响程度。仿真和试验结果表明:理论计算与实验温度场分布趋势吻合度高,两者平均误差为8.4%;平均热流密度和平均换热系数在加热初期均从最大值急剧下降,而后下降幅度逐渐减小趋于平衡,两者的仿真计算与实验结果趋势相同,平均误差分别为6.4%和7.8%;热风出口速度和热风出口温度对平均热流密度均有显著影响,热风出口速度对平均换热系数有显著影响,热风出口温度对平均换热系数的影响相较于平均热流密度指标表现为不显著。研究结果为后续沥青路面就地热再生热风加热温度控制和加热器设计提供了理论依据。

循环流化床锅炉节能减碳运行调控及工程验证

构建基于烟气中氧气体积分数及炉膛出口压力的锅炉运行协同控制模型,可以实时、准确地预测烟气中氧气体积分数的变化趋势,提前给定锅炉二次风机和引风机控制指令,显著减小了不同负荷条件下锅炉烟气中氧气体积分数、负压等关键运行参数的波动.在300 t/h循环流化床锅炉上的工业验证结果表明:利用协同控制模型可以提高锅炉运行控制的品质,锅炉变负荷工况条件下烟气中氧气体积分数控制在目标值±0.25%范围内,炉膛出口压力控制在目标值±45 Pa范围内的统计概率为99%.运行一周的统计结果表明,相比于原有控制,协同控制模型投运后单位产汽量耗煤可以减小1.508%,单位产汽量风机耗电可以减少1.886%.

聚结构件形式对管式油水分离器油出口含油率的影响

为了对比不同结构形式聚结构件对管式油水分离器油出口含油率的影响规律,为工程设计选型提供技术支持,通过CFD方法分析了正V形斜板、倒V形斜板、传统斜板和蛇形背向折板4种不同聚结构件作用下的浓度场和油出口含油率,并探究了正V形聚结构件在单一条件下的最适宜结构参数。结果表明,在所研究的流速(0.05~0.35 m·s^(-1))内,4种聚结构件中正V形构件具有最好的油出口含油率,蛇形背向折板与倒V形斜板位列第2、3位,传统斜板最低;随着进口流速的增大,4种聚结构件油出口含油率均相应降低,其中传统斜板下降速度最快,正V形斜板与蛇形背向折板下降最慢,相差不大,而倒V形斜板下降速度居中;利用控制变量法确定了正V形构件与壁面间距C=10 mm、水平夹角θ=60°时油出口含油率最高。

中老年男性逼尿肌活动低下及合并膀胱出口梗阻的尿动力学特点

目的探讨中老年男性逼尿肌活动低下(DU)及合并膀胱出口梗阻(BOO)的尿动力学特点。方法对郑州大学第一附属医院尿动力学中心2020年11月至2023年6月尿动力学资料完整的50岁以上男性患者317例进行回顾性分析,通过压力流率Schaefer列线图将患者分为DU组、BOO组、DU+BOO组和对照组。对组间尿动力学参数进行比较。结果DU组67例,BOO组144例,DU+BOO组70例,对照组36例,4组患者年龄差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。DU组较对照组初始排尿感容量、残余尿量和最大尿流率时腹压增高(P<0.05),而最大尿流率、最大尿流率时逼尿肌压力、膀胱排空率和逼尿肌收缩力因子降低(P<0.05);DU组较BOO组初始排尿感容量、最大膀胱测压容量和最大尿流率时腹压增高(P<0.05),而最大尿流率时逼尿肌压力、逼尿肌过度活动比率、膀胱出口梗阻因子(BOOI)和逼尿肌收缩力因子降低(P<0.05);DU组较DU+BOO组初始排尿感容量、最大尿流率和最大尿流率时腹压增高(P<0.05),而最大尿流率时逼尿肌压力、逼尿肌过度活动比率、BOOI和逼尿肌收缩力因子降低(P<0.05)。结论中老年DU男性主要尿动力学特点为充盈期膀胱感觉降低,逼尿肌过度活动比率低和排尿时腹压增高,合并BOO者则残余尿量增多,BOOI和逼尿肌收缩力因子高,而最大尿流率和膀胱排空率低,应及时给予治疗。

侧式进/出水口水头损失系数多元线性回归分析

进/出水口水头损失是抽水蓄能电站输水系统水头损失的重要组成部分,准确计算水头损失是评估电站运行经济效益的重要需求。本文通过数值模拟方法研究了14个实际侧式进/出水口的水头损失系数;利用多元线性回归方法,建立了基于侧式进/出水口体型参数计算水头损失系数的回归方程,分析了侧式进/出水口体型参数对其水头损失系数的影响规律。结果表明:侧式进/出水口体型参数对水头损失系数的影响程度,对出流工况较显著,而对进流工况不显著;出流工况,侧式进/出水口体型参数对水头损失系数的相关性,扩散段长度、扩散段分流墩中墩缩进距离、水平扩散角、垂向扩散角、分流墩墩头中边孔宽度比和反坡段坡比为正相关,调整段长度和防涡梁段长度为负相关;利用回归方程得到的水头损失系数与数值模拟方法的结果吻合较好。本文建立的回归方程为计算侧式进/出水口水头损失系数提供了新方法。