Construction of Eco-landscape Attraction's Spatial Alienation Model: A Case Study of Water Recreation Space

Study on eco-landscape attraction focuses on the congregate effect of production factors, but the spatial alienation of the congregate factors is an academic blind zone. This paper takes urban eco-water recreation space as the experiment object, explores the spatial alienation process of eco-landscape attraction, i.e., the homogeneous landscapes' attraction prefers alienation after factor magnetic field's differentiation, and then the attraction spaces of similar landscape areas are apt to alienation, finally leading to another new eco-landscape attraction's spatial structure of "homogeneous landscapes repel each other, heterogeneous landscapes attract" and the construction of eco-recreation alternating buffer model. In addition, this research proposes the testing procedures and evaluation method of that model, ensuring the structural innovation and application universality of the new urban recreation space planning.

What is attractive rural landscape?Differences in the social and expert assessment of the changes in the rural landscape of the Carpathian region in Poland with regard to the need of its protection

Contemporary villages of the mountain region are subject to uncontrolled structural and spatial transformations,which cause deformation of centuries-old spatial systems of high cultural and natural value.The aim of the study is to confront the opinions of the inhabitants and experts regarding the condition of the cultural landscape of the villages in south-eastern Poland.This area belongs to the Carpathian region of Central Europe.The historical and economic conditions of the studied region,related to the functioning in the post-war period,and then its breakdown and the development of the free market economy,constitute an interesting background for the proposed research.Local communities still remembering the period of difficulties related to the period of systemic transformations,are currently experiencing a relative prosperity,many difficulties related to the period of systemic transformations,are currently experiencing a relative prosperity,which is also expressed in a completely new,previously unknown way of managing the landscape.Investments implemented in villages are associated by the inhabitants with the improvement of the standards and quality of life.They assess them rather positively.An expert assessment of these landscape transformations indicates their negative dimension and the risk of losing timeless values.The discrepancy in the assessment of experts and local residents creates difficulties in the protection of the rural landscape.Therefore,high-quality visual landscape features among rural residents is necessary from the point of view of its multi-faceted and effective protection.Local initiatives and actions in the field of industry policy should play a significant role in this respect by consolidating the images of a harmonious landscape in the public awareness.