Cultural Diversity of Traditional Settlement Landscape Gene

As a crucial channel for understanding traditional settlements culture,traditional settlement landscape gene is of vital importance to figure out status quo of traditional Chinese culture,to protect cultural heritage of settlements,and to help residents establish cultural confidence.This paper adopts diversity index,schema analysis,and qualitative analysis methods to identify cultural diversity and construct diversity map of cultural landscape genes.It shows that cultural diversity of landscape genes refers to the various forms of cultural factors in architecture,environment,culture,and layout,including type diversity,combination diversity,and functional diversity.

Analysis of Landscape Gene Identification and Its Characteristics of Traditional Villages:A Case Study of Zhuge Bagua Village

With the promotion of rural revitalization strategy,the protection of ancient villages belonging to characteristic villages has been paid more and more attention.Based on the perspective of landscape gene,this study used the technology of gene identification and extraction of settlement landscape to identify the unique landscape features of Zhuge BaguaVillage from four aspects of architecture,layout,culture and environment.The results showed that the layout of Zhuge BaguaVillage was special and with the help of the surrounding landscape texture,the layout looked like eight trigrams;Zhuge Bagua Village building was a typical Hui-style building with exquisite decoration and carving;Zhuge BaguaVillage attached great importance to Fengshui,was based on clan blood,and advocated Confucianism and farming;Zhuge Bagua Village was located in a beautiful landscape with a special layout.

Application of Landscape Gene Information Chain in Tourism Development of Traditional Human Settlements:A Case Study of Daqitou Village in Sanshui District,Foshan City

Based on the aspect of historical and cultural geography, the value of "landscape gene information chain" in the tourism development of ancient villages was verified by taking cultural landscape as the principal line, historical and cultural settlement as the carriers, and traditional buildings as the entry points. Taking Daqintou Village in Sanshui District, Foshan City for example, the theory of "landscape gene information chain" was applied to design a tourism planning scheme for Daqitou Village.

On Perceptibility and Recognizability of Traditional Settlements' Landscape Genes in Chinese Minority Areas: A Case Study in Yutou Dong Minority Village of Tongdao

Taking Yutou Dong Minority Village in Tongdao County for example, this study carried out questionnaire survey and interview survey from the perspective of environment element perceptibility and culture psychology recognizability, on the basis of identifying 9 landscape genes, namely drum tower, wind-rain bridge, the village gate, Sa altar, overall layout, totem signs, and environmental factors. The survey results showed that 1 Sa altar has the highest perceptibility, and drum tower has the lowest perceptibility; 2 Sa altar and drum tower have the highest recognizability, overall layout, totem signs and environment have the lowest; 3 Location has the highest perceptibility and size has the poorest; 4 Sentiment has the highest perceptibility, function the lowest; 5 Men have higher perception and sense of recognition than women; 6 Education background has greater impact on perception, but no obvious impact on sense of recognition; 7 Length of residence in the village has positive effect on perception and sense of recognition; 8 Distance from the village has positive effect on perception and sense of recognition.

Spatial Distribution and Formation Mechanism of Chinese Folk Song Cultural Landscape Genes

Folk song as a representative of traditional Chinese folk culture is the expression of landscape culture in a certain regional space.According to landscape gene theory,gene structure of folk song cultural landscape was recognized from two dimensions:subject form and cultural environment,and quantitative data were combined to analyze spatial distribution features of folk song cultural landscape genes.According to the analysis,in terms of style,work song is mainly distributed on plains,mountain song is distributed in mountainous areas,and ditty in the eastern watershed of the Yangtze River,in terms of theme,work and production folk songs are mainly distributed in eastern regions with intensive farming,while love and marriage folk songs in regions far away from the Central Plain Culture.Folk song cultural landscape is a result of the interaction between man and geographical conditions,residents in different geographical environments have different perception spaces to create folk songs with regional cultural symbols.

XAANTAL2 （AGL14） Is an Important Component of the Complex Gene Regulatory Network that Underlies Arabidopsis Shoot Apical Meristem Transitions

In Arabidopsis thaliana, multiple genes involved in shoot apical meristem （SAM） transitions have been char- acterized, but the mechanisms required for the dynamic attainment of vegetative, inflorescence, and floral meristem （VM, IM, FM） cell fates during SAM transitions are not well understood. Here we show that a MADS-box gene, XAANTAL2 （XAL2/AGL14）, is necessary and sufficient to induce flowering, and its regula- tion is important in FM maintenance and determinacy, xal2 mutants are late flowering, particularly under short-day （SD） condition, while XAL2 overexpressing plants are early flowering, but their flowers have vege- tative traits. Interestingly, inflorescences of the latter plants have higher expression levels of LFY, AP1, and TFL1 than wild-type plants. In addition we found that XAL2 is able to bind the TFL1 regulatory regions. On the other hand, the basipetal carpels of the 35S：：XAL2 lines lose determinacy and maintain high levels of WUS expression under SD condition. To provide a mechanistic explanation for the complex roles of XAL2 in SAM transitions and the apparently paradoxical phenotypes of XAL2 and other MADS-box （SOCl, AGL24） over- expressors, we conducted dynamic gene regulatory network （GRN） and epigenetic landscape modeling. We uncovered a GRN module that underlies VM, IM, and FM gene configurations and transition patterns in wild- type plants as well as loss and gain of function lines characterized here and previously. Our approach thus provides a novel mechanistic framework for understanding the complex basis of SAM development.