In order to clarify the influence of liquid sulfur deposition and adsorption to high-H2S gas reservoirs,three types of natural cores with typical carbonate pore structures were selected for high-temperature and high-p...In order to clarify the influence of liquid sulfur deposition and adsorption to high-H2S gas reservoirs,three types of natural cores with typical carbonate pore structures were selected for high-temperature and high-pressure core displacement experiments.Fine quantitative characterization of the cores in three steady states(original,after sulfur injection,and after gas flooding)was carried out using the nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)transverse relaxation time spectrum and imaging,X-ray computer tomography(CT)of full-diameter cores,basic physical property testing,and field emission scanning electron microscopy imaging.The loss of pore volume caused by sulfur deposition and adsorption mainly comes from the medium and large pores with sizes bigger than 1000μm.Liquid sulfur has a stronger adsorption and deposition ability in smaller pore spaces,and causes greater damage to reservoirs with poor original pore structures.The pore structure of the three types of carbonate reservoirs shows multiple fractal characteristics.The worse the pore structure,the greater the change of internal pore distribution caused by liquid sulfur deposition and adsorption,and the stronger the heterogeneity.Liquid sulfur deposition and adsorption change the pore size distribution,pore connectivity,and heterogeneity of the rock,which further changes the physical properties of the reservoir.After sulfur injection and gas flooding,the permeability of TypeⅠreservoirs with good physical properties decreased by 16%,and that of TypesⅡandⅢreservoirs with poor physical properties decreased by 90%or more,suggesting an extremely high damage.This indicates that the worse the initial physical properties,the greater the damage of liquid sulfur deposition and adsorption.Liquid sulfur is adsorbed and deposited in different types of pore space in the forms of flocculence,cobweb,or retinitis,causing different changes in the pore structure and physical property of the reservoir.展开更多
It is acknowledged that injecting CO_(2) into oil reservoirs and saline aquifers for storage is a practical and affordable method for CO_(2) sequestration.Most CO_(2) produced from industrial exhaust contains impurity...It is acknowledged that injecting CO_(2) into oil reservoirs and saline aquifers for storage is a practical and affordable method for CO_(2) sequestration.Most CO_(2) produced from industrial exhaust contains impurity gases such as H_(2)S that might impact CO_(2) sequestration due to competitive adsorption.This study makes a commendable effort to explore the adsorption behavior of CO_(2)/H_(2)S mixtures in calcite slit nanopores.Grand Canonical Monte Carlo(GCMC)simulation is employed to reveal the adsorption of CO_(2),H_(2)S as well as their binary mixtures in calcite nanopores.Results show that the increase in pressure and temperature can promote and inhibit the adsorption capacity of CO_(2) and H_(2)S in calcite nanopores,respectively.CO_(2)exhibits stronger adsorption on calcite surface than H_(2)S.Electrostatic energy plays the dominating role in the adsorption behavior.Electrostatic energy accounts for 97.11%of the CO_(2)-calcite interaction energy and 56.33%of the H_(2)S-calcite interaction energy at 10 MPa and 323.15 K.The presence of H_(2)S inhibits the CO_(2) adsorption in calcite nanopores due to competitive adsorption,and a higher mole fraction of H_(2)S leads to less CO_(2) adsorption.The quantity of CO_(2) adsorbed is lessened by approximately 33%when the mole fraction of H_(2)S reaches 0.25.CO_(2) molecules preferentially occupy the regions near the po re wall and H_(2)S molecules tend to reside at the center of nanopore even when the molar ratio of CO_(2) is low,indicating that CO_(2) has an adsorption priority on the calcite surface over H_(2)S.In addition,moisture can weaken the adsorption of both CO_(2) and H_(2)S,while CO_(2) is more affected.More interestingly,we find that pure CO_(2) is more suitable to be sequestrated in the shallower formations,i.e.,500-1500 m,whereas CO_(2)with H_(2)S impurity should be settled in the deeper reservoirs.展开更多
The adsorption characteristics of heavy metals： Cu（Ⅱ）, Pb（Ⅱ）, Zn（Ⅱ） and Cd（Ⅱ） ions on tourmaline were studied. Adsorption equilibrium was established. The adsorption isotherms of all the four metal ions f...The adsorption characteristics of heavy metals： Cu（Ⅱ）, Pb（Ⅱ）, Zn（Ⅱ） and Cd（Ⅱ） ions on tourmaline were studied. Adsorption equilibrium was established. The adsorption isotherms of all the four metal ions followed well Langmuir equation. Tourmaline was found to remove heavy metal ions efficiently from aqueous solution with selectivity in the order of Pb（Ⅱ）〉Cu（Ⅱ）〉Cd（Ⅱ）〉Zn（Ⅱ）. The adsorption of metal ions by tourmaline increased with the initial concentration of metal ions increasing in the medium. Tourmaline could also increase pH value of metal solution.The maximum heavy metal ions adsorbed by tourmaline was found to be 78.86, 154.08, 67.25, and 66.67 mg/g for Cu（Ⅱ）, Pb（U）, Zn（Ⅱ） and Cd（U）, respectively. The temperature （25-55℃） had a small effect on the adsorption capacity of tourmaline. Competitive adsorption of Cu（Ⅱ）, Pb（Ⅱ）, Zn（Ⅱ） and Cd（Ⅱ） ions was also studied. The adsorption capacity of tourmaline for single metal decreased in the order of Pb〉Cu〉Zn 〉Cd and inhibition dominance observed in two metal systems was Pb〉Cu, Pb〉Zn, Pb〉Cd, Cu〉Zn, Cu〉Cd, and Cd〉Zn.展开更多
Owing to their low cost,high energy densities,and superior performance compared with that of Li-ion batteries,Li–S batteries have been recognized as very promising next-generation batteries.However,the commercializat...Owing to their low cost,high energy densities,and superior performance compared with that of Li-ion batteries,Li–S batteries have been recognized as very promising next-generation batteries.However,the commercialization of Li–S batteries has been hindered by the insulation of sulfur,significant volume expansion,shuttling of dissolved lithium polysulfides(Li PSs),and more importantly,sluggish conversion of polysulfide intermediates.To overcome these problems,a state-of-the-art strategy is to use sulfur host materials that feature chemical adsorption and electrocatalytic capabilities for Li PS species.In this review,we comprehensively illustrate the latest progress on the rational design and controllable fabrication of materials with chemical adsorbing and binding capabilities for Li PSs and electrocatalytic activities that allow them to accelerate the conversion of Li PSs for Li–S batteries.Moreover,the current essential challenges encountered when designing these materials are summarized,and possible solutions are proposed.We hope that this review could provide some strategies and theoretical guidance for developing novel chemical anchoring and electrocatalytic materials for high-performance Li–S batteries.展开更多
The potential of di-(m-Formylphenol)-1,2-cyclohexandiimine as an environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitor for steel was investigated in 1 mol/L HCl using potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spe...The potential of di-(m-Formylphenol)-1,2-cyclohexandiimine as an environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitor for steel was investigated in 1 mol/L HCl using potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and chronoamperometry measurements. All electrochemical measurements suggest that this compound is an excellent corrosion inhibitor for mild steel and the inhibition efficiency increases with the increase in inhibitor concentration. The effect of temperature on the corrosion behavior of mild steel with the addition of the Schiff base was studied in the temperature range from 25 °C to 65 °C. It is found that the adsorption of this inhibitor follows the Langmuir adsorption isotherms. The value of activation energy and the thermodynamic parameters such as ΔHads, ΔSads, Kads and ΔGads were calculated by the corrosion currents at different temperatures using the adsorption isotherm. The morphology of mild steel surface in the absence and presence of inhibitor was examined by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) images.展开更多
An environmentally friendly organic biosorbent was fabricated using hay by succinylation. Metallic cation adsorption tests were performed using synthetic nickel(Ⅱ) and cadmium(Ⅱ) solutions to simulate heavy-metal re...An environmentally friendly organic biosorbent was fabricated using hay by succinylation. Metallic cation adsorption tests were performed using synthetic nickel(Ⅱ) and cadmium(Ⅱ) solutions to simulate heavy-metal recovery from aqueous solution. The adsorption efficiency was greater than 98% for both cadmium and nickel ions when the biosorbent concentration was 5.0 g/L and the initial metal concentrations were 50 mg/L. The surface of the biosorbent was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to investigate the changes in the surface functional groups. The functional groups changed according to the surface treatment, resulting in an effective biosorbent. The kinetics of the metals adsorption revealed that the reactions are pseudo-second order, and the adsorption isotherm well followed the Langmuir model. The maximum adsorption capacities predicted by the Langmuir model were 75.19 mg/g and 57.77 mg/g for cadmium and nickel, respectively. The fabricated biosorbent was regenerated using Na Cl multiple times, with 2.1% for Cd and 4.0% for Ni in adsorption capacity after three regeneration cycles. The proposed biosorbent can be a good alternative to resin or other chemical adsorbents for heavy-metal recovery in metallurgical processing or municipal water treatment.展开更多
77 K nitrogen adsorption was the most widely used technique for determining surface area and pore size distribution of coal. Brunauer–Emmett–Teller(BET) and Barrett–Joyner–Halenda(BJH) model are commonly used anal...77 K nitrogen adsorption was the most widely used technique for determining surface area and pore size distribution of coal. Brunauer–Emmett–Teller(BET) and Barrett–Joyner–Halenda(BJH) model are commonly used analytic methods for adsorption/desorption isotherm. A Chinese anthracite coal is tested in this study using an improved experimental method and adsorption isotherm analyzed by three adsorption mechanisms at different relative pressure stages. The result shows that the micropore filling adsorption predominates at the relative pressure stage from 6.8E 7 to 9E 3. Theoretically, BET and BJH model are not appropriate for analyzing coal samples which contain micropores. Two new analytic procedures for coal surface area and pore size distribution calculation are developed in this work. The results show that BET model underestimates surface area, and micropores smaller than 1.751 nm account for 35.5% of the total pore volume and 74.2% of the total surface area. The investigation of surface area and pore size distribution by incorporating the influence of micropore is significant for understanding adsorption mechanism of methane and carbon dioxide in coal.展开更多
The inhibition ability of 4-amino-5-phenyl-4H-1, 2, 4-trizole-3-thiol （APTT）, ethylenediaminetetra-acetic acid （EDTA） and thiourea （TU） for mild steel corrosion in 1.0 moFL HC1 solution at 30 ℃ was investigated...The inhibition ability of 4-amino-5-phenyl-4H-1, 2, 4-trizole-3-thiol （APTT）, ethylenediaminetetra-acetic acid （EDTA） and thiourea （TU） for mild steel corrosion in 1.0 moFL HC1 solution at 30 ℃ was investigated. Tafel polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy （EIS） were used to investigate the influence of these organic compounds as corrosion inhibitors of mild steel in 1.0 mol/L HC1 solution at 30 ℃. The inhibition mechanism was discussed in terms of Langrnuir isotherm model. Results obtained from Tafel polarization and impedance measurements are in a good agreement. The inhibition efficiency increases with the increase of the inhibitor concentration. The adsorption of the inhibitors on the mild steel surface follows Langmuir adsorption isotherm and the free energy of adsorption AGads indicates that the adsorption of APTT, EDTA, and TU molecules is a spontaneous process and a typical chemisorption.展开更多
Ef fective and robust catalyst is the core of water splitting to produce hydrogen.Here, we report an anionic etching method to tailor the sulfur vacancy(VS) of NiS_(2) to further enhance the electrocatalytic performan...Ef fective and robust catalyst is the core of water splitting to produce hydrogen.Here, we report an anionic etching method to tailor the sulfur vacancy(VS) of NiS_(2) to further enhance the electrocatalytic performance for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER). With the VS concentration change from 2.4% to 8.5%, the H* adsorption strength on S sites changed and NiS_(2)-VS 5.9% shows the most optimized H* adsorption for HER with an ultralow onset potential(68 m V) and has long-term stability for 100 h in 1 M KOH media. In situ attenuated-total-reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(ATR-FTIRS) measurements are usually used to monitor the adsorption of intermediates. The S-H* peak of the Ni S_(2)-VS 5.9% appears at a very low voltage, which is favorable for the HER in alkaline media. Density functional theory calculations also demonstrate the Ni S_(2)-VS 5.9% has the optimal |ΔG^(H*)| of 0.17 e V. This work offers a simple and promising pathway to enhance catalytic activity via precise vacancies strategy.展开更多
Removal of Cu^2＋, Cr^3＋ and Cd^2＋ from aqueous solutions by adsorption on montmorillonite modified by sodium dodecylsulfate （SDS） and hydroxy-alumino-silicate （HAS） was investigated. Experiments were carried ou...Removal of Cu^2＋, Cr^3＋ and Cd^2＋ from aqueous solutions by adsorption on montmorillonite modified by sodium dodecylsulfate （SDS） and hydroxy-alumino-silicate （HAS） was investigated. Experiments were carried out as a function of solution pH, solute concentration, and time. The Langmuir model was adopted to describe the single-solute adsorption isotherm, in which the Langmuir parameters were directly taken from those obtained in single-solute systems. The kinetics of metal ions adsorption was examined and the pseudo-first-order rate constant was finally evaluated.展开更多
A hypercrosslinked polymeric adsorbent （ZH-03） for adsorbing and removing chlorophenolic compounds from their aqueous solutions was studied, including the static adsorption. The equilibrium adsorption data were fit ...A hypercrosslinked polymeric adsorbent （ZH-03） for adsorbing and removing chlorophenolic compounds from their aqueous solutions was studied, including the static adsorption. The equilibrium adsorption data were fit to Freundlich adsorption isothermic models to evaluate the model parameters. Thermodynamic studies on the adsorption of chlorophenolic compounds on ZH-03 indicated that there were chemisorption transitions for 2,4,6-trichlorophenol and physical adsorption processes for 2-chlorophenol and 2,6-chlorophenol, and ZH-03 showed the homogeneous nature of the adsorbent surface. Column adsorption for chlorophenols wastewater shows the advantages of the ZH-03 adsorbent for adsorbing the following chlorophenolic compounds as 2-chlorophenol, 2,6-dichlorophenol and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol. Sodium hydroxide was used for desorpting chlorophenols from ZH-03 and showed excellent performance.展开更多
Two hypercrosslinked polymeric adsorbents （ZH-01 and Amberlite XAD-4 resin） were employed to remove three kinds of phenolic compounds including phenol, 4-nitrophenol and 2,4-dinitrophenol from aqueous solutions. The...Two hypercrosslinked polymeric adsorbents （ZH-01 and Amberlite XAD-4 resin） were employed to remove three kinds of phenolic compounds including phenol, 4-nitrophenol and 2,4-dinitrophenol from aqueous solutions. The study was focused on the static equilibrium adsorption behavior, the column dynamic adsorption and desorption profiles. The Freundlich model gave a perfect fitting to the isotherm data. The adsorbing capacities for these three compounds on ZH-01 were higher than those on Amberlite XAD-4 within the temperature range 288-318 K, which was attributed to the large micropore area and 2-carboxybenzoyl functional groups on the network of ZH-01 resin. The adsorption for phenol and 4- nitrophenol on ZH-01 was a physical adsorption process, while for 2,4-dinitrophenol it was a coexistence process of physical adsorption and chemisorption＇s transitions. The column test showed the advantages of ZH-01 in the dynamic adsorption processes of phenolic compounds. Being used as the desorption reagent, sodium hydroxide solution showed an excellent performance.展开更多
The adsorption and leaching of chalcopyrite by two extreme thermophilic archaea(A.brierleyi and S.metallicus)and their mixture were studied.The results revealed that the chalcopyrite leaching rate of S.metallicus was ...The adsorption and leaching of chalcopyrite by two extreme thermophilic archaea(A.brierleyi and S.metallicus)and their mixture were studied.The results revealed that the chalcopyrite leaching rate of S.metallicus was slightly higher than that of A.brierleyi;the mixed system showed the highest rate.Community structure analysis during the leaching process showed that S.metallicus was maintained in a predominant state.However,the proportion of A.brierleyi in the community increased during leaching.Copper concentrations,which increased faster in the mixed system than in the single-organism systems during later stages,was related to the change of A.brierleyi in the community.Langmuir parameter analysis revealed no competitive adsorption between these two thermophilic archaea.Furthermore,qPCR(quantitative polymerase chain reaction)confirmed that adsorption was promoted between A.brierleyi and S.metallicus during mixed leaching.These findings can improve our understanding of the adsorption behaviors of mixed extreme microbial populations on mineral surfaces.展开更多
The removal of chromium（Vl） from an aqueous solution using persimmon gel was examined. The amount of chromium（VI） removed was strongly affected by the pH of the solution, with all ehromium（VI） being removed at p...The removal of chromium（Vl） from an aqueous solution using persimmon gel was examined. The amount of chromium（VI） removed was strongly affected by the pH of the solution, with all ehromium（VI） being removed at pH 2 or lower. However, in a solution containing, 15 mg dry weight of immobilized persimmon gel, the amount of removed chromium（VI） decreased as the pH increased. A part of chromium（VI） was reduced another oxidation stage, mainly chromium（III）, by immobilized persimmon gel. The amount of reduced chromium（III） in the solution was increased with decreasing the pH of the solution. As a result, the amount of total chromium removed was maximal at pH 2. The amount of chromium removed were affected by the chromium concentration and the amount of gel. The maximal amount of chromium removed by the column system was also discussed.展开更多
Mesoporous superacids S2O82–-Fe2O3/SBA-15(SFS)with active nanoparticles are prepared by ultrasonic adsorption method.This method is adopted to ensure a homo-dispersed nanoparticle active phase,large specific surface ...Mesoporous superacids S2O82–-Fe2O3/SBA-15(SFS)with active nanoparticles are prepared by ultrasonic adsorption method.This method is adopted to ensure a homo-dispersed nanoparticle active phase,large specific surface area and many acidic sites.Compared with bulk S2O82–-Fe2O3,Br?nsted acid catalysts and other reported catalysts,SFS with an Fe2O3 loading of 30%(SFS-30)exhibits an outstanding activity in the probe reaction of alcoholysis of styrene oxide by methanol with 100%yield.Moreover,SFS-30 also shows a more excellent catalytic performance than bulk S2O82–-Fe2O3 towards the alcoholysis of other ROHs(R=C2H5-C4H9).Lewis and Bronsted acid sites on the SFS-30 surfaces are confirmed by pyridine adsorbed infrared spectra.The highly efficient catalytic activity of SFS-30 may be attributed to the synergistic effect from the nano-effect of S2O82–-Fe2O3 nanoparticles and the mesostructure of SBA-15.Finally,SFS-30 shows a good catalytic reusability,providing an 84.1%yield after seven catalytic cycles.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U19B6003)Sinopec Technology Research Project(P20077kxjgz)。
文摘In order to clarify the influence of liquid sulfur deposition and adsorption to high-H2S gas reservoirs,three types of natural cores with typical carbonate pore structures were selected for high-temperature and high-pressure core displacement experiments.Fine quantitative characterization of the cores in three steady states(original,after sulfur injection,and after gas flooding)was carried out using the nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)transverse relaxation time spectrum and imaging,X-ray computer tomography(CT)of full-diameter cores,basic physical property testing,and field emission scanning electron microscopy imaging.The loss of pore volume caused by sulfur deposition and adsorption mainly comes from the medium and large pores with sizes bigger than 1000μm.Liquid sulfur has a stronger adsorption and deposition ability in smaller pore spaces,and causes greater damage to reservoirs with poor original pore structures.The pore structure of the three types of carbonate reservoirs shows multiple fractal characteristics.The worse the pore structure,the greater the change of internal pore distribution caused by liquid sulfur deposition and adsorption,and the stronger the heterogeneity.Liquid sulfur deposition and adsorption change the pore size distribution,pore connectivity,and heterogeneity of the rock,which further changes the physical properties of the reservoir.After sulfur injection and gas flooding,the permeability of TypeⅠreservoirs with good physical properties decreased by 16%,and that of TypesⅡandⅢreservoirs with poor physical properties decreased by 90%or more,suggesting an extremely high damage.This indicates that the worse the initial physical properties,the greater the damage of liquid sulfur deposition and adsorption.Liquid sulfur is adsorbed and deposited in different types of pore space in the forms of flocculence,cobweb,or retinitis,causing different changes in the pore structure and physical property of the reservoir.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.52004320)the Science Foundation of China University of Petroleum,Beijing (No.2462021QNXZ012,No.2462022BJRC001,and No.2462021YJRC012)the funding from the State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering (No.PRP/indep-1-2103)。
文摘It is acknowledged that injecting CO_(2) into oil reservoirs and saline aquifers for storage is a practical and affordable method for CO_(2) sequestration.Most CO_(2) produced from industrial exhaust contains impurity gases such as H_(2)S that might impact CO_(2) sequestration due to competitive adsorption.This study makes a commendable effort to explore the adsorption behavior of CO_(2)/H_(2)S mixtures in calcite slit nanopores.Grand Canonical Monte Carlo(GCMC)simulation is employed to reveal the adsorption of CO_(2),H_(2)S as well as their binary mixtures in calcite nanopores.Results show that the increase in pressure and temperature can promote and inhibit the adsorption capacity of CO_(2) and H_(2)S in calcite nanopores,respectively.CO_(2)exhibits stronger adsorption on calcite surface than H_(2)S.Electrostatic energy plays the dominating role in the adsorption behavior.Electrostatic energy accounts for 97.11%of the CO_(2)-calcite interaction energy and 56.33%of the H_(2)S-calcite interaction energy at 10 MPa and 323.15 K.The presence of H_(2)S inhibits the CO_(2) adsorption in calcite nanopores due to competitive adsorption,and a higher mole fraction of H_(2)S leads to less CO_(2) adsorption.The quantity of CO_(2) adsorbed is lessened by approximately 33%when the mole fraction of H_(2)S reaches 0.25.CO_(2) molecules preferentially occupy the regions near the po re wall and H_(2)S molecules tend to reside at the center of nanopore even when the molar ratio of CO_(2) is low,indicating that CO_(2) has an adsorption priority on the calcite surface over H_(2)S.In addition,moisture can weaken the adsorption of both CO_(2) and H_(2)S,while CO_(2) is more affected.More interestingly,we find that pure CO_(2) is more suitable to be sequestrated in the shallower formations,i.e.,500-1500 m,whereas CO_(2)with H_(2)S impurity should be settled in the deeper reservoirs.
基金The National Basic Research Program (973) of China (No. 2004CB418506-3)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No. 20477029 )
文摘The adsorption characteristics of heavy metals： Cu（Ⅱ）, Pb（Ⅱ）, Zn（Ⅱ） and Cd（Ⅱ） ions on tourmaline were studied. Adsorption equilibrium was established. The adsorption isotherms of all the four metal ions followed well Langmuir equation. Tourmaline was found to remove heavy metal ions efficiently from aqueous solution with selectivity in the order of Pb（Ⅱ）〉Cu（Ⅱ）〉Cd（Ⅱ）〉Zn（Ⅱ）. The adsorption of metal ions by tourmaline increased with the initial concentration of metal ions increasing in the medium. Tourmaline could also increase pH value of metal solution.The maximum heavy metal ions adsorbed by tourmaline was found to be 78.86, 154.08, 67.25, and 66.67 mg/g for Cu（Ⅱ）, Pb（U）, Zn（Ⅱ） and Cd（U）, respectively. The temperature （25-55℃） had a small effect on the adsorption capacity of tourmaline. Competitive adsorption of Cu（Ⅱ）, Pb（Ⅱ）, Zn（Ⅱ） and Cd（Ⅱ） ions was also studied. The adsorption capacity of tourmaline for single metal decreased in the order of Pb〉Cu〉Zn 〉Cd and inhibition dominance observed in two metal systems was Pb〉Cu, Pb〉Zn, Pb〉Cd, Cu〉Zn, Cu〉Cd, and Cd〉Zn.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51403094)Program of Liaoning Education Department of China(No.LJ2017FBL002)Australian Research Council through the Discovery Early Career Researcher Award(DECRA,No.DE170100871)Program.
文摘Owing to their low cost,high energy densities,and superior performance compared with that of Li-ion batteries,Li–S batteries have been recognized as very promising next-generation batteries.However,the commercialization of Li–S batteries has been hindered by the insulation of sulfur,significant volume expansion,shuttling of dissolved lithium polysulfides(Li PSs),and more importantly,sluggish conversion of polysulfide intermediates.To overcome these problems,a state-of-the-art strategy is to use sulfur host materials that feature chemical adsorption and electrocatalytic capabilities for Li PS species.In this review,we comprehensively illustrate the latest progress on the rational design and controllable fabrication of materials with chemical adsorbing and binding capabilities for Li PSs and electrocatalytic activities that allow them to accelerate the conversion of Li PSs for Li–S batteries.Moreover,the current essential challenges encountered when designing these materials are summarized,and possible solutions are proposed.We hope that this review could provide some strategies and theoretical guidance for developing novel chemical anchoring and electrocatalytic materials for high-performance Li–S batteries.
文摘The potential of di-(m-Formylphenol)-1,2-cyclohexandiimine as an environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitor for steel was investigated in 1 mol/L HCl using potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and chronoamperometry measurements. All electrochemical measurements suggest that this compound is an excellent corrosion inhibitor for mild steel and the inhibition efficiency increases with the increase in inhibitor concentration. The effect of temperature on the corrosion behavior of mild steel with the addition of the Schiff base was studied in the temperature range from 25 °C to 65 °C. It is found that the adsorption of this inhibitor follows the Langmuir adsorption isotherms. The value of activation energy and the thermodynamic parameters such as ΔHads, ΔSads, Kads and ΔGads were calculated by the corrosion currents at different temperatures using the adsorption isotherm. The morphology of mild steel surface in the absence and presence of inhibitor was examined by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) images.
文摘An environmentally friendly organic biosorbent was fabricated using hay by succinylation. Metallic cation adsorption tests were performed using synthetic nickel(Ⅱ) and cadmium(Ⅱ) solutions to simulate heavy-metal recovery from aqueous solution. The adsorption efficiency was greater than 98% for both cadmium and nickel ions when the biosorbent concentration was 5.0 g/L and the initial metal concentrations were 50 mg/L. The surface of the biosorbent was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to investigate the changes in the surface functional groups. The functional groups changed according to the surface treatment, resulting in an effective biosorbent. The kinetics of the metals adsorption revealed that the reactions are pseudo-second order, and the adsorption isotherm well followed the Langmuir model. The maximum adsorption capacities predicted by the Langmuir model were 75.19 mg/g and 57.77 mg/g for cadmium and nickel, respectively. The fabricated biosorbent was regenerated using Na Cl multiple times, with 2.1% for Cd and 4.0% for Ni in adsorption capacity after three regeneration cycles. The proposed biosorbent can be a good alternative to resin or other chemical adsorbents for heavy-metal recovery in metallurgical processing or municipal water treatment.
基金the China Scholarship Council and the Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51174212)
文摘77 K nitrogen adsorption was the most widely used technique for determining surface area and pore size distribution of coal. Brunauer–Emmett–Teller(BET) and Barrett–Joyner–Halenda(BJH) model are commonly used analytic methods for adsorption/desorption isotherm. A Chinese anthracite coal is tested in this study using an improved experimental method and adsorption isotherm analyzed by three adsorption mechanisms at different relative pressure stages. The result shows that the micropore filling adsorption predominates at the relative pressure stage from 6.8E 7 to 9E 3. Theoretically, BET and BJH model are not appropriate for analyzing coal samples which contain micropores. Two new analytic procedures for coal surface area and pore size distribution calculation are developed in this work. The results show that BET model underestimates surface area, and micropores smaller than 1.751 nm account for 35.5% of the total pore volume and 74.2% of the total surface area. The investigation of surface area and pore size distribution by incorporating the influence of micropore is significant for understanding adsorption mechanism of methane and carbon dioxide in coal.
基金Project(UKM-GUP-BTT-07-25-170) supported by Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
文摘The inhibition ability of 4-amino-5-phenyl-4H-1, 2, 4-trizole-3-thiol （APTT）, ethylenediaminetetra-acetic acid （EDTA） and thiourea （TU） for mild steel corrosion in 1.0 moFL HC1 solution at 30 ℃ was investigated. Tafel polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy （EIS） were used to investigate the influence of these organic compounds as corrosion inhibitors of mild steel in 1.0 mol/L HC1 solution at 30 ℃. The inhibition mechanism was discussed in terms of Langrnuir isotherm model. Results obtained from Tafel polarization and impedance measurements are in a good agreement. The inhibition efficiency increases with the increase of the inhibitor concentration. The adsorption of the inhibitors on the mild steel surface follows Langmuir adsorption isotherm and the free energy of adsorption AGads indicates that the adsorption of APTT, EDTA, and TU molecules is a spontaneous process and a typical chemisorption.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (Nos. 22221001, 22201115, 21931001, and 21922105)the Special Fund Project of Guiding Scientific and Technological Innovation Development of Gansu Province (2019ZX–04)+3 种基金the 111 Project (B20027)by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (lzujbky-2023-eyt03)support Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Providence (22JR5RA540)Gansu Province Youth Science and Technology Talent Promotion Project (GXH202220530-02)。
文摘Ef fective and robust catalyst is the core of water splitting to produce hydrogen.Here, we report an anionic etching method to tailor the sulfur vacancy(VS) of NiS_(2) to further enhance the electrocatalytic performance for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER). With the VS concentration change from 2.4% to 8.5%, the H* adsorption strength on S sites changed and NiS_(2)-VS 5.9% shows the most optimized H* adsorption for HER with an ultralow onset potential(68 m V) and has long-term stability for 100 h in 1 M KOH media. In situ attenuated-total-reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(ATR-FTIRS) measurements are usually used to monitor the adsorption of intermediates. The S-H* peak of the Ni S_(2)-VS 5.9% appears at a very low voltage, which is favorable for the HER in alkaline media. Density functional theory calculations also demonstrate the Ni S_(2)-VS 5.9% has the optimal |ΔG^(H*)| of 0.17 e V. This work offers a simple and promising pathway to enhance catalytic activity via precise vacancies strategy.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant Nos. 40202007, 40573064）the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province （Grant No. 04020017） the Student Research Program （SRP） of South China University of Technology for financial support.
文摘Removal of Cu^2＋, Cr^3＋ and Cd^2＋ from aqueous solutions by adsorption on montmorillonite modified by sodium dodecylsulfate （SDS） and hydroxy-alumino-silicate （HAS） was investigated. Experiments were carried out as a function of solution pH, solute concentration, and time. The Langmuir model was adopted to describe the single-solute adsorption isotherm, in which the Langmuir parameters were directly taken from those obtained in single-solute systems. The kinetics of metal ions adsorption was examined and the pseudo-first-order rate constant was finally evaluated.
基金This work was funded by the Educational Bureau of Jiangsu Province, China (Grant Code 04KJB150153 and 05KJD610250).
文摘A hypercrosslinked polymeric adsorbent （ZH-03） for adsorbing and removing chlorophenolic compounds from their aqueous solutions was studied, including the static adsorption. The equilibrium adsorption data were fit to Freundlich adsorption isothermic models to evaluate the model parameters. Thermodynamic studies on the adsorption of chlorophenolic compounds on ZH-03 indicated that there were chemisorption transitions for 2,4,6-trichlorophenol and physical adsorption processes for 2-chlorophenol and 2,6-chlorophenol, and ZH-03 showed the homogeneous nature of the adsorbent surface. Column adsorption for chlorophenols wastewater shows the advantages of the ZH-03 adsorbent for adsorbing the following chlorophenolic compounds as 2-chlorophenol, 2,6-dichlorophenol and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol. Sodium hydroxide was used for desorpting chlorophenols from ZH-03 and showed excellent performance.
基金supported by the Educational Bureau of Jiangsu Province,China(No.08KJD150020)Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bio-resources and Environmental Protection(No.JLCBE09011)the Professorial and Doctor Funds of Yancheng Teachers College(No.09YSYJB0202)
文摘Two hypercrosslinked polymeric adsorbents （ZH-01 and Amberlite XAD-4 resin） were employed to remove three kinds of phenolic compounds including phenol, 4-nitrophenol and 2,4-dinitrophenol from aqueous solutions. The study was focused on the static equilibrium adsorption behavior, the column dynamic adsorption and desorption profiles. The Freundlich model gave a perfect fitting to the isotherm data. The adsorbing capacities for these three compounds on ZH-01 were higher than those on Amberlite XAD-4 within the temperature range 288-318 K, which was attributed to the large micropore area and 2-carboxybenzoyl functional groups on the network of ZH-01 resin. The adsorption for phenol and 4- nitrophenol on ZH-01 was a physical adsorption process, while for 2,4-dinitrophenol it was a coexistence process of physical adsorption and chemisorption＇s transitions. The column test showed the advantages of ZH-01 in the dynamic adsorption processes of phenolic compounds. Being used as the desorption reagent, sodium hydroxide solution showed an excellent performance.
基金Project (51774342) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject (2016RS2016) supproted by the Hunan Provincial Science and Technology Leader (Innovation Team of Interface Chemistry of Efficient and Clean Utilization of Complex Mineral Resources),China
文摘The adsorption and leaching of chalcopyrite by two extreme thermophilic archaea(A.brierleyi and S.metallicus)and their mixture were studied.The results revealed that the chalcopyrite leaching rate of S.metallicus was slightly higher than that of A.brierleyi;the mixed system showed the highest rate.Community structure analysis during the leaching process showed that S.metallicus was maintained in a predominant state.However,the proportion of A.brierleyi in the community increased during leaching.Copper concentrations,which increased faster in the mixed system than in the single-organism systems during later stages,was related to the change of A.brierleyi in the community.Langmuir parameter analysis revealed no competitive adsorption between these two thermophilic archaea.Furthermore,qPCR(quantitative polymerase chain reaction)confirmed that adsorption was promoted between A.brierleyi and S.metallicus during mixed leaching.These findings can improve our understanding of the adsorption behaviors of mixed extreme microbial populations on mineral surfaces.
文摘The removal of chromium（Vl） from an aqueous solution using persimmon gel was examined. The amount of chromium（VI） removed was strongly affected by the pH of the solution, with all ehromium（VI） being removed at pH 2 or lower. However, in a solution containing, 15 mg dry weight of immobilized persimmon gel, the amount of removed chromium（VI） decreased as the pH increased. A part of chromium（VI） was reduced another oxidation stage, mainly chromium（III）, by immobilized persimmon gel. The amount of reduced chromium（III） in the solution was increased with decreasing the pH of the solution. As a result, the amount of total chromium removed was maximal at pH 2. The amount of chromium removed were affected by the chromium concentration and the amount of gel. The maximal amount of chromium removed by the column system was also discussed.
文摘Mesoporous superacids S2O82–-Fe2O3/SBA-15(SFS)with active nanoparticles are prepared by ultrasonic adsorption method.This method is adopted to ensure a homo-dispersed nanoparticle active phase,large specific surface area and many acidic sites.Compared with bulk S2O82–-Fe2O3,Br?nsted acid catalysts and other reported catalysts,SFS with an Fe2O3 loading of 30%(SFS-30)exhibits an outstanding activity in the probe reaction of alcoholysis of styrene oxide by methanol with 100%yield.Moreover,SFS-30 also shows a more excellent catalytic performance than bulk S2O82–-Fe2O3 towards the alcoholysis of other ROHs(R=C2H5-C4H9).Lewis and Bronsted acid sites on the SFS-30 surfaces are confirmed by pyridine adsorbed infrared spectra.The highly efficient catalytic activity of SFS-30 may be attributed to the synergistic effect from the nano-effect of S2O82–-Fe2O3 nanoparticles and the mesostructure of SBA-15.Finally,SFS-30 shows a good catalytic reusability,providing an 84.1%yield after seven catalytic cycles.
