The adequacy of language education largely depends on the favorable and unfavorable emotions that teachers and students experience throughout the education process.Simply said,emotional factors play a key role in impr...The adequacy of language education largely depends on the favorable and unfavorable emotions that teachers and students experience throughout the education process.Simply said,emotional factors play a key role in improving the quality of language teaching and learning.Furthermore,these emotional factors also promote the well-being of language teachers and learners and place them in a suitable mental condition.In view of the favorable impact of emotional factors on the mental health of language teachers and learners,many educational scholars around the world have studied these factors,their background,and their pedagogical consequences.Nonetheless,the majority of previous studies have employed traditional research methods in assessing these variables and their influences on language teachers’and learners’mental health.Because of the complex and dynamic quality of emotional factors,traditional research approaches often fail to evaluate these factors and their dynamic,non-linear connections with teachers’and learners’mental health and well-being.Accordingly,some novel research approaches are required to measure the dynamicity and complexity of emotional factors in language education settings.To address this call,the current state-of-the-art conceptual article seeks to provide new insights for investigating emotional factors and their potential impact on language teachers’and learners’mental states.This study also intends to offer a comprehensive list of emerging methods that take into account the complex and dynamic nature of emotional variables.Finally,the study outlines the potential implications of this review for educational researchers.展开更多
Sentence classification is the process of categorizing a sentence based on the context of the sentence.Sentence categorization requires more semantic highlights than other tasks,such as dependence parsing,which requir...Sentence classification is the process of categorizing a sentence based on the context of the sentence.Sentence categorization requires more semantic highlights than other tasks,such as dependence parsing,which requires more syntactic elements.Most existing strategies focus on the general semantics of a conversation without involving the context of the sentence,recognizing the progress and comparing impacts.An ensemble pre-trained language model was taken up here to classify the conversation sentences from the conversation corpus.The conversational sentences are classified into four categories:information,question,directive,and commission.These classification label sequences are for analyzing the conversation progress and predicting the pecking order of the conversation.Ensemble of Bidirectional Encoder for Representation of Transformer(BERT),Robustly Optimized BERT pretraining Approach(RoBERTa),Generative Pre-Trained Transformer(GPT),DistilBERT and Generalized Autoregressive Pretraining for Language Understanding(XLNet)models are trained on conversation corpus with hyperparameters.Hyperparameter tuning approach is carried out for better performance on sentence classification.This Ensemble of Pre-trained Language Models with a Hyperparameter Tuning(EPLM-HT)system is trained on an annotated conversation dataset.The proposed approach outperformed compared to the base BERT,GPT,DistilBERT and XLNet transformer models.The proposed ensemble model with the fine-tuned parameters achieved an F1_score of 0.88.展开更多
In recent years, the college English teaching reform has been increasingly deepened. The study of the relationship between cognitive approach and foreign language teaching is undoubtedly instructive not only to guaran...In recent years, the college English teaching reform has been increasingly deepened. The study of the relationship between cognitive approach and foreign language teaching is undoubtedly instructive not only to guarantee the quality of foreign language teaching but also to improve learners' foreign language proficiency. In this essay, the author expounds the development of cognitive approach and some relative teaching principles, on which basis the author puts forward some specific practices in foreign language teaching.展开更多
Task-based language teaching approach(TBLTA), which lays stress on "learning by doing", gained increasing popularity in English teaching in recent years. The design of phonetic teaching calls for more emphas...Task-based language teaching approach(TBLTA), which lays stress on "learning by doing", gained increasing popularity in English teaching in recent years. The design of phonetic teaching calls for more emphasis from English educators since it is one of the basic rounds of English teaching. This paper made a trial on the utilization of TBLTA in the English phonetic teaching context and designed a TBLTA model for English phonetic teaching based on discussions about model and merits of TBLTA.展开更多
During recent years,some notions about tasks have been considered as the major part of analysis in different teaching approaches and teachers are being more interested in the use of taskbased approach both in foreign ...During recent years,some notions about tasks have been considered as the major part of analysis in different teaching approaches and teachers are being more interested in the use of taskbased approach both in foreign and in second language teaching.The main goal of this article is to introduce and discuss some major principles of task-based language teaching and indicates how teachers can apply them in their curriculum.展开更多
I.IntroductionThe study of the.lexical approach focuses on the understanding ofa lexical-grammatical unit,which was called lexical phrase by Nattinger and Decarrieo and was called chunks by Michel Lewis.It is a multi-...I.IntroductionThe study of the.lexical approach focuses on the understanding ofa lexical-grammatical unit,which was called lexical phrase by Nattinger and Decarrieo and was called chunks by Michel Lewis.It is a multi-word unit of varying lengths,which has a fixed orrelatively fixed structure and expresses a certain meaning.It is prefabri-cated and frequently used.As a language teacher I think chunks arevery useful in language teaching and the lexical approach is a way of improving my teaching.They make sense in the classroom as they展开更多
Some educators and teachers stated that the reason of the major failures in foreign language teaching was that teachers could not help their students to discover the personal meaning of the information they provided. ...Some educators and teachers stated that the reason of the major failures in foreign language teaching was that teachers could not help their students to discover the personal meaning of the information they provided. To deal with the problem that students were regarded as containers and classroom learning was dull, humanistic approaches were put forward.展开更多
L1 and L2 acquisition, in some respects, are similar. Language development in children goes hand in hand with physical and cognitive development. Children learn their first language by imitation, but not always and no...L1 and L2 acquisition, in some respects, are similar. Language development in children goes hand in hand with physical and cognitive development. Children learn their first language by imitation, but not always and not only by imitation. There seems to be some "innate capacities" that make children start to speak at the same time they do and in the way they do it. Adults learning a second language usually are controlled more by their motivation. But language input is important for both L1 and L2 acquisition. Though there are differences between CL1 and between CL2 and AL2, the way in which these learners acquire some of the grammatical morphemes is similar. This, together with some other evidence, shows that it is not only children who can acquire language. Adults can also acquire a language. But when adults acquire a language, they should also learn it. Some of the ways in which children acquire their language can be used as a model for L2 acquisition, even for Chinese students whose language is unrelated to English and whose culture is different. Learning the culture of the English-speaking countries will benefit the learning of the language. Like children, listening should also be well in advance of speaking in L2 acquisition. To train listening comprehension skills, Asher’s TPR approach proves more effective. TPR approach is at the moment limited to the beginning stage only. In order for students to gain all the five skills in a second language learning, namely, listening, speaking, reading, writing, and interpreting/translating, other methods should be used at the same time, or at later stages.展开更多
Grammar is an important part of language learning. In order for students to have a functional knowledge of a language (in other words, that they can spontaneously produce language) they must have at least some knowled...Grammar is an important part of language learning. In order for students to have a functional knowledge of a language (in other words, that they can spontaneously produce language) they must have at least some knowledge about the grammatical constructs of the language in question. How grammar can be taught? Considering various second language teaching methods, teaching grammar through Communicative Language Teaching Approach is the most talked. Emphasis in this article is put on the application of Communicative Language Teaching Approach in grammar teaching in college English classes.展开更多
Intercultural Foreign Language Teaching Approach is an effective way of foreign language teaching and suggested to be adopted to promote foreign language teaching in China.This article mainly focuses on introducing In...Intercultural Foreign Language Teaching Approach is an effective way of foreign language teaching and suggested to be adopted to promote foreign language teaching in China.This article mainly focuses on introducing Intercultural Foreign Language Teaching Approach including its signif icance and contents.展开更多
1.The Theory Underlying the Structural Approach to Language AcquisitionGrammar-translation approach had dominated the realm of language teach-ing and learning for centuries.However,in the 30s and 40s of this centuryAm...1.The Theory Underlying the Structural Approach to Language AcquisitionGrammar-translation approach had dominated the realm of language teach-ing and learning for centuries.However,in the 30s and 40s of this centuryAmerican linguists,using the foundings of behavioristic psychology as展开更多
In foreign language teaching, there appear a lot of approaches. This essay lays special stress on humanistic approach and analyses the influence of some important affective factors on language learning, for the purpos...In foreign language teaching, there appear a lot of approaches. This essay lays special stress on humanistic approach and analyses the influence of some important affective factors on language learning, for the purpose of inviting teachers' attention to students' emotions in fulfilling their teaching task.展开更多
Classroom Anxiety is very common and to some extent it influences students' achievements in foreign language learning. So, how to solve this problem in order to help students have a good performance in foreign langua...Classroom Anxiety is very common and to some extent it influences students' achievements in foreign language learning. So, how to solve this problem in order to help students have a good performance in foreign language learning is a very urgent issue. According to the writer's study, communicative approach is an effective method to deal with it.展开更多
1. Introduction In educational theory, as with most things, there exist fashions and trends. Within the field of foreign language teaching the communicative approach is with good reason very fasharable in the west. Th...1. Introduction In educational theory, as with most things, there exist fashions and trends. Within the field of foreign language teaching the communicative approach is with good reason very fasharable in the west. The name certainly makes it difficult to argue with, who would want to use the ’non-communicative’ approach to teaching a foreign language? The need to communicate in a language is what makes language teaching different from teaching many other subjects. If you study geography, you learn about places, but if you only learn about a language it is not enough.展开更多
In English language teaching, both the traditional and communicative approaches have their own advantages and shortcomings. So what we need to do is taking the advantages of communicative approaches without upsetting ...In English language teaching, both the traditional and communicative approaches have their own advantages and shortcomings. So what we need to do is taking the advantages of communicative approaches without upsetting the patterns of traditional practices—combining traditional and communicative approaches.展开更多
Language is learned to communicate, but how to use it appropriately is far more important. Since language and culture have an inextricable link in between, to improve the students' Intercultural communicative comp...Language is learned to communicate, but how to use it appropriately is far more important. Since language and culture have an inextricable link in between, to improve the students' Intercultural communicative competence(ICC), issues on integrating an intercultural approach into ELT classroom has been long debated and studied in foreign language teaching field. This paper will start with the definition of ICC, analyze the correlation between language and culture then offer valuable suggestions on how to integrate Ic LL approach into ELT in China.展开更多
Be driven by new knowledge about the learner and the English language, foreign language teaching has developed into many different schools based on different theories. All of them have their own advantages and disadva...Be driven by new knowledge about the learner and the English language, foreign language teaching has developed into many different schools based on different theories. All of them have their own advantages and disadvantages. Focusing on two of the most commonly used ones--the Grammar Translation Approach and Communicative Language Teaching, this paper gives comments about these two different approaches and give advices that combine them together to promote language teaching.展开更多
Due to the increasing role and importance of foreign languages in the context of globalization, it is becoming more important to teach foreign languages for professional communication in different types of educational...Due to the increasing role and importance of foreign languages in the context of globalization, it is becoming more important to teach foreign languages for professional communication in different types of educational institutions including nonlinguistic colleges. In this regard, both the approaches to teaching foreign languages should be reconsidered, and also training programs that meet the requirements of future specialists should be created. One of the possible ways out is to use the competence-based approach, i.e., forming a set of special competences in future professionals to solve practical problems. For training a competitive IT-specialist, in teaching foreign languages it is necessary to form a number of language subcompetences in students that are on the basis of their professional competence. The proposed model can be used for teaching any foreign language, where the language component is invariable, and is filled with professional content.展开更多
English is widely taught and used in China. Yet, Traditional Language Teaching (TLT) methods are still used in most classrooms, which hinder the successful language learning. In the paper, communicative approach is ...English is widely taught and used in China. Yet, Traditional Language Teaching (TLT) methods are still used in most classrooms, which hinder the successful language learning. In the paper, communicative approach is introduced. And the authors sincerely hope that effective language learning can be promoted in the language classroom.展开更多
基金supported by Nanjing Normal University’s New Liberal Arts Research and Reform Project in 2021.
文摘The adequacy of language education largely depends on the favorable and unfavorable emotions that teachers and students experience throughout the education process.Simply said,emotional factors play a key role in improving the quality of language teaching and learning.Furthermore,these emotional factors also promote the well-being of language teachers and learners and place them in a suitable mental condition.In view of the favorable impact of emotional factors on the mental health of language teachers and learners,many educational scholars around the world have studied these factors,their background,and their pedagogical consequences.Nonetheless,the majority of previous studies have employed traditional research methods in assessing these variables and their influences on language teachers’and learners’mental health.Because of the complex and dynamic quality of emotional factors,traditional research approaches often fail to evaluate these factors and their dynamic,non-linear connections with teachers’and learners’mental health and well-being.Accordingly,some novel research approaches are required to measure the dynamicity and complexity of emotional factors in language education settings.To address this call,the current state-of-the-art conceptual article seeks to provide new insights for investigating emotional factors and their potential impact on language teachers’and learners’mental states.This study also intends to offer a comprehensive list of emerging methods that take into account the complex and dynamic nature of emotional variables.Finally,the study outlines the potential implications of this review for educational researchers.
文摘Sentence classification is the process of categorizing a sentence based on the context of the sentence.Sentence categorization requires more semantic highlights than other tasks,such as dependence parsing,which requires more syntactic elements.Most existing strategies focus on the general semantics of a conversation without involving the context of the sentence,recognizing the progress and comparing impacts.An ensemble pre-trained language model was taken up here to classify the conversation sentences from the conversation corpus.The conversational sentences are classified into four categories:information,question,directive,and commission.These classification label sequences are for analyzing the conversation progress and predicting the pecking order of the conversation.Ensemble of Bidirectional Encoder for Representation of Transformer(BERT),Robustly Optimized BERT pretraining Approach(RoBERTa),Generative Pre-Trained Transformer(GPT),DistilBERT and Generalized Autoregressive Pretraining for Language Understanding(XLNet)models are trained on conversation corpus with hyperparameters.Hyperparameter tuning approach is carried out for better performance on sentence classification.This Ensemble of Pre-trained Language Models with a Hyperparameter Tuning(EPLM-HT)system is trained on an annotated conversation dataset.The proposed approach outperformed compared to the base BERT,GPT,DistilBERT and XLNet transformer models.The proposed ensemble model with the fine-tuned parameters achieved an F1_score of 0.88.
文摘In recent years, the college English teaching reform has been increasingly deepened. The study of the relationship between cognitive approach and foreign language teaching is undoubtedly instructive not only to guarantee the quality of foreign language teaching but also to improve learners' foreign language proficiency. In this essay, the author expounds the development of cognitive approach and some relative teaching principles, on which basis the author puts forward some specific practices in foreign language teaching.
文摘Task-based language teaching approach(TBLTA), which lays stress on "learning by doing", gained increasing popularity in English teaching in recent years. The design of phonetic teaching calls for more emphasis from English educators since it is one of the basic rounds of English teaching. This paper made a trial on the utilization of TBLTA in the English phonetic teaching context and designed a TBLTA model for English phonetic teaching based on discussions about model and merits of TBLTA.
文摘During recent years,some notions about tasks have been considered as the major part of analysis in different teaching approaches and teachers are being more interested in the use of taskbased approach both in foreign and in second language teaching.The main goal of this article is to introduce and discuss some major principles of task-based language teaching and indicates how teachers can apply them in their curriculum.
文摘I.IntroductionThe study of the.lexical approach focuses on the understanding ofa lexical-grammatical unit,which was called lexical phrase by Nattinger and Decarrieo and was called chunks by Michel Lewis.It is a multi-word unit of varying lengths,which has a fixed orrelatively fixed structure and expresses a certain meaning.It is prefabri-cated and frequently used.As a language teacher I think chunks arevery useful in language teaching and the lexical approach is a way of improving my teaching.They make sense in the classroom as they
文摘Some educators and teachers stated that the reason of the major failures in foreign language teaching was that teachers could not help their students to discover the personal meaning of the information they provided. To deal with the problem that students were regarded as containers and classroom learning was dull, humanistic approaches were put forward.
文摘L1 and L2 acquisition, in some respects, are similar. Language development in children goes hand in hand with physical and cognitive development. Children learn their first language by imitation, but not always and not only by imitation. There seems to be some "innate capacities" that make children start to speak at the same time they do and in the way they do it. Adults learning a second language usually are controlled more by their motivation. But language input is important for both L1 and L2 acquisition. Though there are differences between CL1 and between CL2 and AL2, the way in which these learners acquire some of the grammatical morphemes is similar. This, together with some other evidence, shows that it is not only children who can acquire language. Adults can also acquire a language. But when adults acquire a language, they should also learn it. Some of the ways in which children acquire their language can be used as a model for L2 acquisition, even for Chinese students whose language is unrelated to English and whose culture is different. Learning the culture of the English-speaking countries will benefit the learning of the language. Like children, listening should also be well in advance of speaking in L2 acquisition. To train listening comprehension skills, Asher’s TPR approach proves more effective. TPR approach is at the moment limited to the beginning stage only. In order for students to gain all the five skills in a second language learning, namely, listening, speaking, reading, writing, and interpreting/translating, other methods should be used at the same time, or at later stages.
文摘Grammar is an important part of language learning. In order for students to have a functional knowledge of a language (in other words, that they can spontaneously produce language) they must have at least some knowledge about the grammatical constructs of the language in question. How grammar can be taught? Considering various second language teaching methods, teaching grammar through Communicative Language Teaching Approach is the most talked. Emphasis in this article is put on the application of Communicative Language Teaching Approach in grammar teaching in college English classes.
文摘Intercultural Foreign Language Teaching Approach is an effective way of foreign language teaching and suggested to be adopted to promote foreign language teaching in China.This article mainly focuses on introducing Intercultural Foreign Language Teaching Approach including its signif icance and contents.
文摘1.The Theory Underlying the Structural Approach to Language AcquisitionGrammar-translation approach had dominated the realm of language teach-ing and learning for centuries.However,in the 30s and 40s of this centuryAmerican linguists,using the foundings of behavioristic psychology as
文摘In foreign language teaching, there appear a lot of approaches. This essay lays special stress on humanistic approach and analyses the influence of some important affective factors on language learning, for the purpose of inviting teachers' attention to students' emotions in fulfilling their teaching task.
文摘Classroom Anxiety is very common and to some extent it influences students' achievements in foreign language learning. So, how to solve this problem in order to help students have a good performance in foreign language learning is a very urgent issue. According to the writer's study, communicative approach is an effective method to deal with it.
文摘1. Introduction In educational theory, as with most things, there exist fashions and trends. Within the field of foreign language teaching the communicative approach is with good reason very fasharable in the west. The name certainly makes it difficult to argue with, who would want to use the ’non-communicative’ approach to teaching a foreign language? The need to communicate in a language is what makes language teaching different from teaching many other subjects. If you study geography, you learn about places, but if you only learn about a language it is not enough.
文摘In English language teaching, both the traditional and communicative approaches have their own advantages and shortcomings. So what we need to do is taking the advantages of communicative approaches without upsetting the patterns of traditional practices—combining traditional and communicative approaches.
文摘Language is learned to communicate, but how to use it appropriately is far more important. Since language and culture have an inextricable link in between, to improve the students' Intercultural communicative competence(ICC), issues on integrating an intercultural approach into ELT classroom has been long debated and studied in foreign language teaching field. This paper will start with the definition of ICC, analyze the correlation between language and culture then offer valuable suggestions on how to integrate Ic LL approach into ELT in China.
文摘Be driven by new knowledge about the learner and the English language, foreign language teaching has developed into many different schools based on different theories. All of them have their own advantages and disadvantages. Focusing on two of the most commonly used ones--the Grammar Translation Approach and Communicative Language Teaching, this paper gives comments about these two different approaches and give advices that combine them together to promote language teaching.
文摘Due to the increasing role and importance of foreign languages in the context of globalization, it is becoming more important to teach foreign languages for professional communication in different types of educational institutions including nonlinguistic colleges. In this regard, both the approaches to teaching foreign languages should be reconsidered, and also training programs that meet the requirements of future specialists should be created. One of the possible ways out is to use the competence-based approach, i.e., forming a set of special competences in future professionals to solve practical problems. For training a competitive IT-specialist, in teaching foreign languages it is necessary to form a number of language subcompetences in students that are on the basis of their professional competence. The proposed model can be used for teaching any foreign language, where the language component is invariable, and is filled with professional content.
文摘English is widely taught and used in China. Yet, Traditional Language Teaching (TLT) methods are still used in most classrooms, which hinder the successful language learning. In the paper, communicative approach is introduced. And the authors sincerely hope that effective language learning can be promoted in the language classroom.