Treatment of large defect of abdominal wall after tumors resection by transposition of tissue flaps with pedicle

Objective To report evaluat of division region of abdominal wall large defect after tumors resection and repair methods by tissue flaps with pedicle. Methods Form October 1992 to September 2001, 8 cases large abdominal wall defect after malignant tumors resection(10 × 10 cm-32 cm×32 cm) were reviewed. The defectcontributed:Ⅰ region, 2 cases; twin-Ⅱ region, 2; Ⅲ region, 2; Ⅰ and Ⅱ region of one side, 1 and total abdominal wall,one case, The tissue flaps of transposition included: gracilis myocutaneous flaps, 4; retus abdominal myocutaneous flaps, 2; external abdominal obligue musculo-fascia flaps, 2; latissimus dorsi muscle, tensor fasciae latae muscle and retus femoris muscle flaps each, 1. One patient used MycroMesh also. Results In the course of peroperation, the incisions of 8 cases healed in first time; total tissue flaps survived and all pateints started exercise left the bed in 3 weeks. All 8 patients were followed up average of 2 years and 5 months: the success rate of reconstruction

EXPRESSION OF SV40 Tag AND FORMATION Tag-p53 AND Tag-Rb COMPLEXES IN CHINESE BRAIN TUMORS

Objective: To investigate the expression of SV40 Tag and formation of Tag-p53 and Tag-Rb complexes in Chinese brain tumors. Methods: SV40 large tumor antigen (Tag) were investigated by immunoprecipitation, silver staining and Western blot in 65 cases of Chinese brain tumors and 8 cases of normal brain tissues. Tag-p53 and Tag-Rb complexes were screened by the same way in 20 and 15 Tag positive tumor tissues respectively. Results: Tag was found in all of 8 ependymomas and 2 choroid plexus papillomas, 90% (9/10) of pituitary adenomas, 73% (11/15) of astrocytomas, 70% (7/10) of meningiomas, 50% (4/8) of glioblastoma multiform, 33% (2/6) of medulloblastomas, 5 oligodendrogliomas, 1 pineocytoma and 8 normal brain tissues were negative for Tag. Tag-p53 complex was detected in all of 20 Tag positive tumors as well as Tag-Rb complex in all of 15 Tag positive tumors. Conclusion: SV40 Tag is not only expressed in human brain tumors, but also it can form specific complexes with tumor suppressors p53 and Rb. SV40 is correlated to human brain tumorigenesis. The inactivation of p53 and Rb due to the formation of Tag-p53 and Tag-Rb complexes is possibly an important mechanism in the etiopathogenesis of human brain tumors.

LATS1 Promotes B-ALL Tumorigenesis by Regulating YAP1 Phosphorylation and Subcellular Localization

Objective YAP1 plays a dual role as an oncogene and tumor suppressor gene in several tumors;differentiating between these roles may depend on the YAP1 phosphorylation pattern.The specific function of YAP1 in B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia(B-ALL),however,is currently unclear.Thus,in the present study,the role of YAP1 in B-ALL was investigated using relevant cell lines and patient datasets.Methods The effects of shRNA-mediated knockdown on YAP1 and LATS1 levels in the NALM6 and MOLT-4 cell lines were examined using Western blotting,quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction,flow cytometry,immunostaining,and nude mouse subcutaneous tumorigenesis experiments.Gene expression levels of Hippo pathway-related molecules before and after verteporfin(VP)treatment were compared using RNA-Seq to identify significant Hippo pathway-related genes in NALM6 cells.Results Patients with ALL showing high YAP1 expression and low YAP1-Ser127 phosphorylation levels had worse prognoses than those with low YAP1 protein expression and high YAP1-Ser127 phosphorylation levels.YAP1-Ser127 phosphorylation levels were lower in NALM6 cells than in MOLT-4 and control cells;YAP1 was distributed in the nuclei in NALM6 cells.Knockdown of YAP1 inhibited MOLT-4 and NALM6 cell proliferation and arrested the NALM6 cell cycle in the G0/G1 phase.Before and after VP treatment,the expression of the upstream gene LATS1 was upregulated;its overexpression promoted YAP1-Ser127 phosphorylation.Further,YAP1 was distributed in the plasma.Conclusion LATS1 may downregulate YAP1-Ser127 phosphorylation and maintain B-ALL cell function;thus,VP,which targets this axis,may serve as a new therapeutic method for improving the outcomes for B-ALL patients.

Simian virus 40 large tumor antigen forms specific complexes with p53 and pRb in human brain tumors

目的 探讨SV4 0早期区域基因编码产物大T抗原 (Tag)的表达及其与抑癌蛋白p53、pRb的相互作用在人脑肿瘤发生、发展中的意义。方法 采用免疫共沉淀结合银染色及Western印迹法检测 6 5例人脑肿瘤及 8例正常人脑组织中Tag的表达 ,并对 18例和 15例Tag阳性瘤组织分别检测Tag p53和Tag pRb复合物的形成。结果 Tag在 8例室管膜瘤及 2例脉络丛乳头状瘤中全部表达 ,垂体腺瘤Tag阳性率为 90 % (9/ 10 ) ,星形细胞瘤为 73% (11/ 15) ,脑膜瘤为 70 % (7/ 10 ) ,多形性胶质母细胞瘤为 50 % (4 / 8) ,髓母细胞瘤为 33% (2 / 6 ) ;5例少枝胶质细胞瘤、1例松果体细胞瘤及 8例正常人脑组织无Tag表达 ;检测 18例和 15例Tag阳性瘤组织 ,均发现Tag可与p53、pRb形成特异性复合物。结论 在人脑肿瘤组织中Tag不仅可以表达 ,而且还可与p53、pRb形成特异性复合物。Tag p53及Tag pRb特异性复合物的形成导致p53和pRb失活 ,这可能是SV4 0导致人脑肿瘤发生的一个重要机理。

Hippo-YAP/TAZ signaling in breast cancer:Reciprocal regulation of microRNAs and implications in precision medicine

Breast cancer is a molecularly heterogeneous disease and the most common female malignancy.In recent years,therapy approaches have evolved to accommodate molecular diversity,with a focus on more biologically based therapies to minimize negative consequences.To regulate cell fate in human breast cells,the Hippo signaling pathway has been associated with the alpha subtype of estrogen receptors.This pathway regulates tissue size,regeneration,and healing,as well as the survival of tissue-specific stem cells,proliferation,and apoptosis in a variety of organs,allowing for cell differentiation.Hippo signaling is mediated by the kinases MST1,MST2,LATS1,and LATS2,as well as the adaptor proteins SAV1 and MOB.These kinases phosphorylate the downstream effectors of the Hippo pathway,yes-associated protein(YAP),and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif(TAZ),suppressing the expression of their downstream target genes.The Hippo signaling pathway kinase cascade plays a significant role in all cancers.Understanding the principles of this kinase cascade would prevent the occurrence of breast cancer.In recent years,small noncoding RNAs,or microRNAs,have been implicated in the development of several malignancies,including breast cancer.The interconnections between miRNAs and Hippo signaling pathway core proteins in the breast,on the other hand,remain poorly understood.In this review,we focused on highlighting the Hippo signaling system,its key parts,its importance in breast cancer,and its regulation by miRNAs and other related pathways.