AN APPROACH TO C SOFTWARE REUSE BASED ON DATABASE TECHNIQUES

This paper presents a tool for managing, reusing and analysing C software code based on database techniques. The abstract information of entire software code is stored in a program database that is the conceptual scheme of the entire software, whereas the reuse component is a subscheme. Relational algebra can be conveniently used to manage, analyse and reuse C code. In the tool, we can manage, analyse and reuse any components in the program database and rapidly extract source code of any components or construct the program code of a new system. The rule system is introduced in reusing source code.

Software Reuse: Developers’ Experiences and Perceptions

Reusing programs and other artifacts has been shown to be an effective strategy for significant reduction of development costs. This article reports on a survey of 128 developers to explore their experiences and perceptions about using other people’s code: to what extent does the “not invented here” attitude exist? The survey was structured around a novel and simple “4A” model, which is introduced in this article: for an organization to obtain any benefits from reusing code, four conditions must obtain: availability, awareness, accessibility, and acceptability. The greatest impediments to reuse were shown to be awareness of reusable code and developers’ perceptions of its acceptability for use on their new projects. For 72% of developers, the complexity of the old code was cited as a reason that the code was not reused. The survey also included developers’ suggestions for ways to take greater advantage of existing code and related artifacts.

Process View of Reflection Mechanism for Reuse Software Architecture

Reflection mechanism for reuse software architecture （RMRSA） divides a software architecture into base-level architecture and meta-level architecture logically. Base-level architecture is the ordinary architecture; meta-level represents and manipulates the reusable meta-information of base-level architecture explicitly. Through reflection, the modification of meta-level architecture will result in the modification of the architecture in base-level. Then we can gain a new base-level architecture design. In this paper, we use π-calculus to define the constituents and their interaction processes of RMRSA, by these definition, we specify the business function in base-level at runtime, and illustrate the reflection mechanism between the base-level architecture and meta-level architecture.

Software Reuse in Cardiology Related Medical Database Using K-Means Clustering Technique

Software technology based on reuse is identified as a process of designing software for the reuse purpose. The software reuse is a process in which the existing software is used to build new software. A metric is a quantitative indicator of an attribute of an item/thing. Reusability is the likelihood for a segment of source code that can be used again to add new functionalities with slight or no modification. A lot of research has been projected using reusability in reducing code, domain, requirements, design etc., but very little work is reported using software reuse in medical domain. An attempt is made to bridge the gap in this direction, using the concepts of clustering and classifying the data based on the distance measures. In this paper cardiologic database is considered for study. The developed model will be useful for Doctors or Para-medics to find out the patient’s level in the cardiologic disease, deduce the medicines required in seconds and propose them to the patient. In order to measure the reusability K-means clustering algorithm is used.

Social Computing in Open Source Community:A Study of Software Reuse

Software projects are not developed in isolation but often build upon other open source resources. These projects form a kind of reference ecosystem regarded as a software world. Most of social computing works focus on social networks such as Facebook and weibo to mine information. However, few previous works analyze Open Source Community which could help developers conduct collaborative development. In this paper, we model the Java reference ecosystem as a network based on the reuse relationships of GitHub-hosted Java projects and analyze the characteristics and the patterns of this reference ecosystem by using community detection and pattern discovery algorithms. Our study indicates that (1) Developers prefer to reuse software limited in only a small part of projects with cross cutting functionality or advanced applications. (2) Developers usually select software reused with similar function widely depending on different requirements, resulting to different patterns. Based on these collective intelligence, our study opens up several possible future directions of reuse recommendation,which are considered as guidance of collaborative development.

The System for Managing Reusable Object-Oriented Software Components

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RESEARCH ON REUSE-BASED WEB SERVICES COMPOSITION

Objective To solve the three principal problems for reusing the software components, i.e., existence, discovery and availability principles, web services provided a new solution for reusing and assembling web software or components under distributed environment with a series of XML-based protocols. Methods A 4+1 meta-model between atomic services, such as Sequence, Parallelism, Alternation, Substitute and Iteration, and a kind of service composition description language in composition process are investigated. Furthermore, an architecture-based service composition model with Ontology Engine is proposed, which is based on the software architecture life-cycle model and provides a mechanism for services composition with dynamic management and deployment. Results The results of the prototype system development show that the service-composed application not only reused the web service components, but also reused the data resources located in distributed databases. Conclusion The method of reused-based web services composition observably decreases the period and cost of development and greatly improves the programming efficiency.

Recommender System for Configuration Management Process of Entrepreneurial Software Designing Firms

The rapid growth in software demand incentivizes software development organizations to develop exclusive software for their customers worldwide.This problem is addressed by the software development industry by software product line(SPL)practices that employ feature models.However,optimal feature selection based on user requirements is a challenging task.Thus,there is a requirement to resolve the challenges of software development,to increase satisfaction and maintain high product quality,for massive customer needs within limited resources.In this work,we propose a recommender system for the development team and clients to increase productivity and quality by utilizing historical information and prior experiences of similar developers and clients.The proposed system recommends features with their estimated cost concerning new software requirements,from all over the globe according to similar developers’and clients’needs and preferences.The system guides and facilitates the development team by suggesting a list of features,code snippets,libraries,cheat sheets of programming languages,and coding references from a cloud-based knowledge management repository.Similarly,a list of features is suggested to the client according to their needs and preferences.The experimental results revealed that the proposed recommender system is feasible and effective,providing better recommendations to developers and clients.It provides proper and reasonably well-estimated costs to perform development tasks effectively as well as increase the client’s satisfaction level.The results indicate that there is an increase in productivity,performance,and quality of products and a reduction in effort,complexity,and system failure.Therefore,our proposed system facilitates developers and clients during development by providing better recommendations in terms of solutions and anticipated costs.Thus,the increase in productivity and satisfaction level maximizes the benefits and usability of SPL in the modern era of technology.

Guidelines Based Software Engineering for Developing Software Components

Software guidelines have been with us in many forms within Software Engineering community such as knowledge, experiences, domain expertise, laws, software design principles, rules, design heuristics, hypothesis, experimental results, programming rules, best practices, observations, skills, algorithms have played major role in software development. This paper presents a new discipline known as Guidelines Based Software Engineering where the aim is to learn from well-known best practices and documenting newly developed and successful best practices as a knowledge based (could be part of the overall KM strategies) when developing software systems across the life cycle. Thereby it allows reuse of knowledge and experiences.

Reuse-based software production technology

Software reuse is viewed as a key technology to improve software product quality and productivity. This paper discusses a series of technologies related with software reuse and software component technology: component model, which describes component’s essential characteristics; component acquisition technology, of which domain engineering is the main approach; component management technology, of which component library is the kernel; application integration and composition technology, of which application engineering is the main approach; software evolution technology, of which software reengineering is the main approach, etc. This paper introduces the software development environment: JadeBird Software Production Line System, which effectively integrates the above-mentioned technologies.

An approach to software development based on heterogeneous component reuse and its supporting system

Software reuse is considered as a practical approach to solving the software crisis. The BD-HCRUS, a software development supporting system based on heterogeneous component reuse, is introduced. The system has a reusable component library as its kernel in charge of the organization, storage and retrieval of the heterogeneous components, an object-oriented integrated language for the specification and composition of the heterogeneous components, and program comprehension tools for reverse-engineering and extracting reusable components from source code, then re-engineering the components. Therefore, a whole support is lent systematically to the acquisition, specification, organization, storage, retrieval and composition of reusable components.

Communication Software Reuse and Its Supporting Environment

Summary of Software Reuse What we mean 'software reuse' is that we use those software components that were developed before in the new environment. Increasing the productivity and reliability of software is an important task in the development of software. One of the most promising techniques for achieving a significant level of improvement is reuse. The reuse process occurs in every phase of software life cycle: analysis, design, coding, testing, and maintenance. The technologies applied to the reusability can be divided into two major groups depending on the nature of the components being reused. These two major groups are composition approach and generation approach. Both of the approaches have their advantages and drawbacks and there is no agreement upon a unique approach to reusability. We choose composition approach. In this paper, we focus on the research of switching software reuse. There has been no report on the research of communication software reuse in China. The research was carried out in Japan and U.S.A. in the middle of 1980′s. Some references report that there are many advantages in using object oriented language C++ in the development of 5ESS switching system. The software reusability is high and the productivity is also greatly improved. It seems that every switching system has its own software supporting tools or environment. The aim is the same and the reusing technologies are somewhat different. Three main reuse methods are listed below: (1) Paradigm method; (2) Knowledge Base method; (3) Object oriented method. 2 Main Researches (1) Research on the integrated environment for SDL (IES). (2) Convert Abstract Data Types(ADT) in SDL specification to CHILL implementation; By using IF_THEN_ELSE rewriting rules, we prove the correctness of conversion. (3) Introduce the concept of reuse into SDL, and design and implement a SDL ADT/CHILL reusable component library. We focus on the Dissertation completed Jul. 1993research of the definition of reusable objects, the composition of library, the relations among objects in library, and formal definition of reuse relation. A new algorithm for query is also put forward. (4) Switching software reuse Through analyzing EWSD switching software, we get an important conclusion that the object oriented method is the most appropriate method for reuse. Finally, we get a new query algorithm by formally defining reusable switching software object SPCO. The object oriented method needs specification language SDL and implementation language CHILL which are object oriented. (5) We design and implement an object oriented library and its supporting tools. All reusable components of switching software are considered to be reusable objects. Supporting tools have four main functions: view functions; searching functions; objects extraction; and objects manage ment. (6) Put forward many strategies for reusing implementation. This includes the classification of reusable objects, reusable objects extraction, reusable object semantic representation, object oriented method implementation, and reuse process. By using these strategies and supporting tools, we can integrate reuse process into switching software development process. All the researches enhance IES, and make it support software reuse not only for specification , but also for implementation. Zhou Chen Received his PhD degree in Jul. 1993, in Information Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications.

An Approach to Design Reusable Workflow Engine

Developers still need design workflow system according to users＇ specific needs, though workflow management coalition standardized the five kinds of abstract interfaces in workflow reference model. Specific business process characteristics are still supported by specific workflow system. A set of common functionalities of workflow engine are abstracted from business component, so the reusability of business component is extended into workflow engine and composition method is proposed. Needs of different business requirements and characteristics are met by reusing the workflow engine.

基于CiteSpace软件的国内外矿业遗产的研究进展与展望

本文运用知识图谱理论,借助CiteSpace软件对国内外近十年以“矿业遗产(mining heritage)”为关键词所检索到的相关研究文献进行数据和信息的可视化分析,绘制研究关键词共现图谱、关键词突现图谱,进一步通过文献总结把握研究热点、预测演化趋势,从而推进矿业遗产研究的理论进步与实践优化。通过分析可知,矿业遗产的研究聚焦在其生态修复、价值评价、地下空间综合利用和旅游开发模式等方面。本文认为矿业遗产未来应从以下几个方面展开深入研究:加强矿业遗产生态环境测评、预警、监管的机制设计和实施管理研究;加强矿业遗产价值评估的标准化研究,推动建立“国家矿业遗产名录”;研究矿业遗产旅游开发与既有文化旅游事业的融合机制和融合模式;体系化地研究矿业遗产的旅游开发策略;加强与矿业遗产有关的跨区域、跨产业类型的遗产认知,如煤炭+运输工业遗产廊道等。

用于VSLAM系统的CNN在FPGA平台上的加速

为实现视觉同步定位与建图系统中卷积神经网络在FPGA上的加速,基于SuperPoint模型设计一种低功耗高效CNN加速器及相应的SoC系统。采用循环分块、数据复用、计算单元展开和双缓冲策略充分利用加速器的片上资源;为提高突发传输效率,预先对权重参数重排;提出Pack模块和Unpack模块,设计多通道数据传输,用于提高传输带宽。在Ultra96-V2 FPGA平台上部署整个SoC系统,在仅3 W左右的功耗下实现25.63 GOPS的吞吐量,其BRAM效率、DSP效率、性能密度和功耗效率相比之前的文献有明显优势。

“三生”空间视角下国内采矿迹地再利用研究进展、热点及趋势

采矿迹地再利用是推进资源型地区高质量发展的重要组成部分,也是实现新时期生态文明建设的必然要求。本文运用CiteSpace文献计量方法,以“采矿迹地再利用”知识谱系框架为主题,筛选中国知网(CNKI)数据库近30年的442篇相关研究文献,从研究时间、作者及发文机构、热点内容与前沿趋势对已有研究进行梳理,并立足“三生”空间视角进行归纳和总结。研究结果表明:①国内采矿迹地再利用关注度较强,各研究方向之间联系日渐紧密,研究机构之间网络体系趋向成熟,发展已进入平稳期。②“三生”空间视角下,围绕生产空间的土地复垦、生态园区建设、接续替代产业发展;生活空间维度的低效用地开发、产业“退二进三”;生态空间维度的生态修复、湿地公园建设等当前研究的主流开始呈现跨学科的纵深发展。③后续采矿迹地再利用的研究已逐步转向资源价值的再认识、资源型地区城乡融合发展与“三生”融合下的区域生态安全格局构建。该研究可为采矿迹地再利用与社会、经济、生态协调发展提供借鉴。

基于软硬件结合的控制流完整性保护技术

针对影子栈难以兼顾安全性和性能,软件实现的前向CFI(control-flow integrity)技术性能开销过大、难以进行实际部署,提出基于软硬件结合的CFI(control-flow integrity based on the combination of software and hardware,SHCFI)技术。通过二进制重写器对程序反编译,生成中间语言,并判断转移指令类型。对于后向控制流的保护,提出基于返回地址加密的平行影子栈方案,使用随机数对栈上的返回地址进行异或加密,将加密结果备份到原始栈固定偏移处的影子栈中,在函数返回时对影子栈中的地址异或解密,将解密结果作为实际的返回地址。对于前向控制流的保护,使用硬件ENDBRANCH状态机指令标记间接转移指令的目标地址,在运行时对目标地址进行合法性检查,以降低性能开销。实验结果表明,SHCFI加固后的程序能够有效地防御代码重用攻击,且具有良好的运行开销。

面向二进制代码的细粒度软件多样化方法

现有软件多样化方法大多需要源代码,基于编译器生成变体二进制,而对二进制代码直接进行转换时由于缺乏调试信息导致难以正确逆向,且易造成高额的性能开销。为此,提出一种面向二进制代码的细粒度软件多样化方法。通过静态二进制重写技术以函数块为单位进行重排序,随机化函数在代码段中的原始位置,同时使程序的内存片段gadgets位置发生改变,使得攻击者对程序的先验知识失效,以防御大规模代码重用攻击。为了进一步提高攻击者破解难度,对基本块内的指令进行依赖性分析,实现基本块内指令随机化,同时使得随机化后基本块的原始语义不变。性能测试结果表明,函数重排序对gadgets存活率的影响大于基本块内指令重排序,两者同时使用时程序的gadgets平均存活率为5.71%;模糊哈希算法Tlsh比较结果显示,该方法能够有效躲避同源性检测;使用工具Bindiff进行测试的结果表明,多样化后基本块内指令重排序的异构度大于函数重排序,且在基准测试集SPEC CPU2006上函数重排序和指令重排序同时使用时平均运行开销仅为3.1%,具有良好的实用性。

面向过程程序设计的代码复用与模块设计——以C语言为例

该文深入探讨面向过程程序设计(Procedure Oriented Programming,POP)中的代码复用与模块设计,特别聚焦于C语言的应用。首先,该文阐述代码复用在提升软件开发效率方面的重要性。接着,分析面向过程程序设计中实现代码复用的具体方法和技术。此外,详细讨论模块设计在促进代码复用中的关键作用,以及代码复用过程中可能遇到的问题和挑战,并提出相应的解决策略。最后,结合C语言的实际案例,进一步展示面向过程程序设计中代码复用与模块设计的应用价值。

基于DO-178的机载软件重用方法研究

以DO-178B/C软件重用标准为基础,将先前开发软件分为已通过和未通过适航合格审定的PDS,构建了PDS软件的评估准则和评估方法,将PDS的评估结果与标准进行对照,能够快速定位PDS的重用要求和应采取的过程活动。实践表明,通过重用已通过适航合格审定的PDS软件的部分数据,可以有效提升软件开发效率。针对未通过适航合格审定的PDS软件重用,本文也提供了一种差距分析方法,对照分析PDS软件与目标要求的差距,用以评估所需的额外工作量。