The velocity of warhead fragment is key criteria to determine its mutilation efficiency.We have designed an optoelectronic system to accurately measure the average velocity of warhead fragments.The apparatus including...The velocity of warhead fragment is key criteria to determine its mutilation efficiency.We have designed an optoelectronic system to accurately measure the average velocity of warhead fragments.The apparatus including two parallel laser screens spaced apart at a known fixed distance for providing time measurement start and stop signals.The large effective screen area is formed by laser source,retro-reflector and large area photo-diode with a central hole.Whenever a moving fragment interrupts two optical screen,the corresponding photometers senses the event,due to partial obscuration of the incident energy.Experiments have been performed to measure velocity of the different kinds of projectiles and fragments within various size and velocity ranges,including 7.62 mm bullet shooting experiments,prefabricated steel-ball exploding experiments.They were proved that the system is adequate to measure the velocity of larger than 5 mm,less than 1 000 m/s in the range,when fixed trajectory,test the velocity of the projectile average relative deviation is less than 4.21%.The system can perform satisfactorily with a lot of advantages such as larger effective light screen area,quick response speed,low uncertainty,strong repetition and reliability,etc.展开更多
The characteristics of a flow in spinning devices are one of the fundamental problems innew-type spinning.In this paper the vortex flow in interior of the shell-case was studied by usingexperimental methods,which incl...The characteristics of a flow in spinning devices are one of the fundamental problems innew-type spinning.In this paper the vortex flow in interior of the shell-case was studied by usingexperimental methods,which include flow visualization and laser doppler techniques.The flow sur-vey by measurement has been compared with that photographed by flow visualization method,andshows a fairly good conformity.The results of experiments are similar to those by numericalevaluation.展开更多
Modelling and simulations are conducted on velocity slip and interfacial momentum transfer for super-sonic two-phase (gas-droplet) flow in the transient section inside and outside a Laval jet(L J). The initial velocit...Modelling and simulations are conducted on velocity slip and interfacial momentum transfer for super-sonic two-phase (gas-droplet) flow in the transient section inside and outside a Laval jet(L J). The initial velocity slipbetween gas and droplets causes an interfacial momentum transfer flux as high as (2.0-5.0) × 104 Pa. The relaxationtime corresponding to this transient process is in the range of 0.015-0.090 ms for the two-phase flow formed insidethe LJ and less than 0.5 ms outside the LJ. It demonstrates the unique performance of this system for application tofast chemical reactions using electrically active media with a lifetime in the order of 1 ms. Through the simulationsof the transient processes with initial Mach number Mg from 2.783 to 4.194 at different axial positions inside theLJ. it is found that Mg has the strongest effect on the process. The momentum flux increases as the Mach numberdecreases. Due to compression by the shock wave at the end of the L J, the flow pattern becomes two dimensionaland viscous outside the LJ. Laser Doppler velocimeter (LDV) measurements of droplet velocities outside the LJ arein reasonably good agreement with the results of the simulation.展开更多
A method of measuring the velocity of fast moving object by charge coupled device （CCD） shadow photograph system is developed. This system consists of high resolution orthogonal CCD cameras, time detecting device an...A method of measuring the velocity of fast moving object by charge coupled device （CCD） shadow photograph system is developed. This system consists of high resolution orthogonal CCD cameras, time detecting device and the pulsed laser which can generate two short laser pulses with adjustable interval more than 100 μs. Experiments are conducted to measure the velocity of the flying steel ball. The results show that the proposed velocity measurement is effective in modem ballistic measurement.展开更多
A high spatial resolution, high velocity resolution all-fiber laser Doppler vibrometry （LDV） based on heterodyne detection for vibration measurements is reported. A linewidth of 1-kHz single-mode continuous fiber la...A high spatial resolution, high velocity resolution all-fiber laser Doppler vibrometry （LDV） based on heterodyne detection for vibration measurements is reported. A linewidth of 1-kHz single-mode continuous fiber laser, polarization-preserving fiber, and a telescope with 30-ram aperture are used in this LDV. With the inphase-quadrature circuit and the digital differentiating discriminator, a high velocity resolution of 96.9 nm/s and a high displacement resolution of 2.5 pm are obtained simultaneously with a glass attached to a piezoceramic transducer. These values correspond to the measurement uncertainties of vibration velocity and displacement within 4.14% and 4.6%, respectively.展开更多
基金supported by the Science and Technology on Electronic Test & Measurement Laboratory,China(No.9140C1204041009)Science and Technology on Electronic Test & Measurement Laboratory Fund for Young Scholars,China
文摘The velocity of warhead fragment is key criteria to determine its mutilation efficiency.We have designed an optoelectronic system to accurately measure the average velocity of warhead fragments.The apparatus including two parallel laser screens spaced apart at a known fixed distance for providing time measurement start and stop signals.The large effective screen area is formed by laser source,retro-reflector and large area photo-diode with a central hole.Whenever a moving fragment interrupts two optical screen,the corresponding photometers senses the event,due to partial obscuration of the incident energy.Experiments have been performed to measure velocity of the different kinds of projectiles and fragments within various size and velocity ranges,including 7.62 mm bullet shooting experiments,prefabricated steel-ball exploding experiments.They were proved that the system is adequate to measure the velocity of larger than 5 mm,less than 1 000 m/s in the range,when fixed trajectory,test the velocity of the projectile average relative deviation is less than 4.21%.The system can perform satisfactorily with a lot of advantages such as larger effective light screen area,quick response speed,low uncertainty,strong repetition and reliability,etc.
文摘The characteristics of a flow in spinning devices are one of the fundamental problems innew-type spinning.In this paper the vortex flow in interior of the shell-case was studied by usingexperimental methods,which include flow visualization and laser doppler techniques.The flow sur-vey by measurement has been compared with that photographed by flow visualization method,andshows a fairly good conformity.The results of experiments are similar to those by numericalevaluation.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 29876022) and Grant of State Key Laboratory of High Speed Hydrodynamics (No. 2007).
文摘Modelling and simulations are conducted on velocity slip and interfacial momentum transfer for super-sonic two-phase (gas-droplet) flow in the transient section inside and outside a Laval jet(L J). The initial velocity slipbetween gas and droplets causes an interfacial momentum transfer flux as high as (2.0-5.0) × 104 Pa. The relaxationtime corresponding to this transient process is in the range of 0.015-0.090 ms for the two-phase flow formed insidethe LJ and less than 0.5 ms outside the LJ. It demonstrates the unique performance of this system for application tofast chemical reactions using electrically active media with a lifetime in the order of 1 ms. Through the simulationsof the transient processes with initial Mach number Mg from 2.783 to 4.194 at different axial positions inside theLJ. it is found that Mg has the strongest effect on the process. The momentum flux increases as the Mach numberdecreases. Due to compression by the shock wave at the end of the L J, the flow pattern becomes two dimensionaland viscous outside the LJ. Laser Doppler velocimeter (LDV) measurements of droplet velocities outside the LJ arein reasonably good agreement with the results of the simulation.
基金supported by the Project of National Key Laboratory (51453050105ZS33)
文摘A method of measuring the velocity of fast moving object by charge coupled device （CCD） shadow photograph system is developed. This system consists of high resolution orthogonal CCD cameras, time detecting device and the pulsed laser which can generate two short laser pulses with adjustable interval more than 100 μs. Experiments are conducted to measure the velocity of the flying steel ball. The results show that the proposed velocity measurement is effective in modem ballistic measurement.
基金supported in part by the Doctoral Candidate Innovation Research Support Program of the Science & Technology Review of China(No.kjdb200902-4)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central University of China(No.11D10405)
文摘A high spatial resolution, high velocity resolution all-fiber laser Doppler vibrometry （LDV） based on heterodyne detection for vibration measurements is reported. A linewidth of 1-kHz single-mode continuous fiber laser, polarization-preserving fiber, and a telescope with 30-ram aperture are used in this LDV. With the inphase-quadrature circuit and the digital differentiating discriminator, a high velocity resolution of 96.9 nm/s and a high displacement resolution of 2.5 pm are obtained simultaneously with a glass attached to a piezoceramic transducer. These values correspond to the measurement uncertainties of vibration velocity and displacement within 4.14% and 4.6%, respectively.
