Evolutionary Significance of Pylentonemid Radiolarians and Their Late Devonian Species from Southwestern Tianshan,China

A group of radiolarian fossils with a complete morphological gradient of increasing polarization are reported from upper Devonian successions in southwestern Tianshan, China. Specifically, the important transitional mophotypes, Pylentonema transitorum sp. nov., Archocyrtium medium sp. nov. and Quadrapesus transitivus sp. nov, were found. Based on the fact that the new transitional radiolarian fossils resemble more closely to pylentonemids （cyrtoid nassellarians） than to entactinids （spumellarians） in morphology, they are assigned to pylentonemids. Pylentonemids share characters of both the Nassellaria （e.g., horned cephalis, basal opening with pylome） and Spumellaria （e.g., system of trabecular spicules）, and they are thus of evolutionary significance. The evolutionary trend from spumellarians to nassellarians is characterized by （1） internal spicule： from simple trabecular spicules to complicate components （A;Ir,II;D;V;Lr,Li;MB）; （2） polarization of the radiolarian tests due to rearrangment of spine, from radial to an axial symmetry; （3） the gradual formation of a basal opening （aperture, pylome, or podome）; and the transition from a pseudopylome, a primative pylome with a narrow margin on the outer shell, to a true pylome rimmed with a narrow, elevated impermite wall.

Archaeopteris halliana from the Late Devonian(Famennian)of Anhui Province,China

New materials from the Upper Devonian （Famennian） Wutong Formation of Chizhou District, Anhui Province, South China, allow description of fertile and sterile characters of Archaeopteris halliana. This plant has penultimate axes attached by sterile leaves and paired ultimate branches in the same ontogenetic spiral. Sterile leaves are narrowly cuneate in shape and bear distal margins dissected deeply. These leaves are spirally arranged on sterile ultimate axes. Non-laminated sporophylls occur spirally on the ultimate axes and bifurcate once or twice. Elongate sporangia with longitudinal dehiscence are borne adaxially below or above the dividing points of the sporophylls. Despite the leaf shape resembling that of Archaeopteris macilenta, our plant is assigned to A. halliana because of its non-laminated sporophylls. Fertile characters should be given priority or enough consideration in identifying species of Archaeopteris.

Hamatophyton from the Late Devonian of Anhui Province,South China and Evolution of Sphenophyllales

Well-preserved specimens of Hamatophyton verticillatum collected from the Upper Devonian （Famennian） Wutong Formation of Chaohu district, Anhui Province, South China, display more complete fertile axes in three orders and multiple divisions. Comparisons indicate that Hamatophyton possibly does not have palmate planate sterile leaves but hook-like linear ones with rare divisions. We propose seven definitive characters of Sphenophyllales： （1） completely whorled lateral organs; （2） sterile leaves; （3） strobili; （4） ＂sporangiophores＂ or stalks with reflexed tips bearing sporangia; （5） three- or four-ribbed primary xylem; （6） exarch maturation of primary xylem; and （7） secondary xylem. The Sphenophyllales probably originated from the Iridopteridales based on similarities in whorled lateral organs, ribbed primary xylem and peripheral protoxylem strands. In transition from Iridopteridales to Sphenophyllales, morphological changes involve partially whorled to completely whorled lateral organs, sterile ultimate appendages to leaves, and fertile ultimate appendages to ＂sporangiophores＂/stalks with bracts; anatomical modifications include configuration and maturation of primary xylem, and presence of secondary xylem.

New Zircon U-Pb Age of Late Devonian Tuff in Guangxi, South China and the Significance for the Paleo-Tethys Branch Ocean

Objective The eastern extending range of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean in southwest China has always been focused and controversial. At the beginning of this century some scholars proposed that the Paleo-Tethys Branch Ocean may extend to the Babu-Pingxiang and Cengxi areas along the stouthwestern margin of the South China Block （Cai and Zhang, 2009）. However, the pivotal proof of Late Paleozoic ophoilite and magmatic rocks was absent or sporadical in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, resulting in insufficient evidence to support this viewpoint. For the first time this work reported the Late Devonian tuff in the Qinzhou area in the south of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and conducted zircon U-Pb dating on it in order to constrain the extension of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean in the South China Block.

Magnetic Fabric of Late Devonian Metasedimentary Rocks from Longyan,Southwestern Fujian,China

This study presents the results of magnetic fabric on Late Devonian metasedimentary rocks from Longyan , Southwestern Fujian , China .Measurements of low - field anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS)were made on 59 specimens (sites 48-53 ) using a Sapphire SI-2 induction coil instrument. Our data show that the magnetic fabric at sites 48- 51 and 53 is mainly carried by paramagnetic minerals (muscovite.chlorite and biotite), while at site 52 both paramagnetic minerals and hematite contribute to the total AMS . Separation of the two components of anisotropy indicates that they are approximately coaxial . The magnetic foliation is either parallel to an Indosinian (Late Triassic ) metamorphic schistosity (sites 48-52 ) or to a Yanshanian (Late Mesozoic ) microscopic mylonitic foliation (site 53). The magnetic lineation corresponds either to me regional structural trend (sites 48 - 52 ) or to the line of intersection between the schistosiry and the mylonitic surface (site 53 ).Our results suggest that Indosinian metamorphism and deformation took place simultaneously under the control of a compressional stress field which is mostly responsible for the generation of the observed magnetic fabric .However ,post-Indosinian deformation of the Yanshanian orogeny may exist at some locations and interfere with the Indosinian fabric .

Geochronology and Geochemistry of Late Devonian I- and A-Type Granites from the Xing’an Block,NE China:Implications for Slab Break-off during Subduction of the Hegenshan-Heihe Ocean

We present detailed geochronological,geochemical,and zircon Hf isotopic data for Late Paleozoic granitic rocks from Handagai and Zhonghe plutons in the Xing’an Block,NE China,aiming to provide constraints on their origin and tectonic implications.New zircon U-Pb ages indicate they were formed in the Late Devonian(ca.379 Ma) immediately after a striking 50 Ma magmatic lull(ca.430-380 Ma) in the Xing ’ an Block.Petrological and geochemical features suggest that the Handagai monzogranites and Zhonghe alkali-feldspar granites are I- and A-type granites,respectively,although both of them have high-K calc-alkaline features and positive zircon ε_(Hf)(t) values(+3.47 to +10.77).We infer that the Handagai monzogranites were produced by partial melting of juvenile basaltic crustal materials under a pressure of <8-10 kbar,whereas the Zhonghe alkali-feldspar granites were generated by partial melting of juvenile felsic crustal materials at shallower depths(P ≤ 4 kbar).Our results,together with published regional data,indicate their generation involves a subduction-related extensional setting.Slab break-off of the Hegenshan-Heihe oceanic plate may account for the subduction-related extensional setting,as well as the transformation of arc magmatism from the Early-Middle Devonian lull to the Late Devonian-Early Carboniferous flare-up in the Xing’an Block.

Relationships between bacterial-algal proliferating and mass extinction in the Late Devonian Frasnian-Famennian transition:Enlightening from carbon isotopes and molecular fossils

Studies show positive shifts of inorganic and organic carbon isotope values (δ 13Ccarb and δ 13Ckerogen) from +0.43 (‰ V-PDB) to +3.54 (‰ V-PDB) and from ?29.38 (‰ V-PDB) to ?24.14 (‰ V-PDB), respectively, B* (Ba* = Ba/ (Al2O3 X 15%)) values from 0.015 to 0.144, TOC values from 0.02% to 0.21%, V/Cr values from 0.3 to 2.0, Sr/Ba values from 3.20 to 49.50 in the Late Devonian Frasnian Upper rhenana zone to the top linguiformis zone of the Yangdi sec-tion deposited in carbonate slope facies of Guilin, Guangxi, South China, which indicates that biomass, productivity, organic carbon burial and salinity increase and that oxygenation near the boundary between sediments and waters decreases from the Late Devonian Frasnian Upper rhenana zone to the top linguiformis zone. Abundance of molecular fossils increases and normal alkanes, isoprenoid hydrocarbon, terpanes and steranes are dominated from the Late Devonian Frasnian to the bottom of Famennian, which shows that the predecessors of molecular fossils of the Frasnian-Famennian (F-F) transition are dominated by marine phytoplankton, zooplankton and benthic bacteria with no photosynthesis. Therefore, it is considered that the F-F transitional mass extinction with a multistage, selection and global synchronizing was caused by bacte-rial-algal proliferating, continuing deterioration of the shallow marine ecoenvironment of the mid-dle-lower latitudes. A simple cause and effect chain can be expressed as: appearance of seed plants and multi-storied forests → enhanced chemical and biochemical weathering and pe-dogenesis → wide development of soils → increasing riverine nutrient fluxes in epicontinental sea → from superoligotrophic to eutrophic in epicontinental sea → proliferating of marine phyto-plankton and zooplankton → frequent red tide and anoxia → mass extinction of shallow marine organisms in the middle-lower latitudes. It is worth notice that the factor drawdown of atmos-pheric Pco2, climatic cooling and sea level falling caused by eutrophication, anoxia and organic carbon burial increasing may be important for the mass extinction.

Biotic recovery from the Late Devonian F-F mass extinction event in China

The Frasnian-Famennian (F-F) mass extinction is one of the five great extinctions of marine life during the Phanerozoic. The F-F event killed most of the Devonian reefs, the characteristic Devonian corals, stromatoporoids, bryozoans, nearly all tentaculites, a few superfamilies of brachiopods, such as Atrypacea and Pentameracea and some important elements of goniatites, such as Manticoceras.``The end-Frasnian was a phase of mass extinction. A large number of shelly benthos were killed by the F-F event. Early and middle Famennian was the survival interval. The marine faunas were very rare at that time. The late Famennian was the recovery interval. There appeared to have many new taxa in the Strunian stage. It lacked a radiation interval in Late Devonian Famennian because another event (the D-C mass extinction) happened at the Devonian-Carboniferous boundary.``Several causes for the F-F mass extinction have been proposed by some geologists, which have been grouped into two broad types, terrestrial and extraterrestrial. The former is related to sea level changes, climate changes and anoxic water event. The latter is linked with some forms of meteorite impact.``A large-scale eustatic change of sea level and black shales representing an anoxic environment has been invoked to explain one of the causes for the F-F mass extinction.

Middle and Late Devonian microbial carbonates,reefs and mounds in Guilin,South China and their sequence stratigraphic,paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic significance

Microbial precipitation of calcium carbonate has played a major role in formation of carbonate platforms since the Archean. Also, microbial carbonates and biologically induced ce-ment are important contributors to reef framework volume and rigidity in carbonate platform systems during times of significant environmental change including transgressive events in plat-form environments and the recovery interval following the major biotic crisis. The stratigraphic distribution of different types of microbial carbonates appears to vary within the sequence strati-graphic framework. Reefs and mounds within the Late Devonian carbonate platforms in Guilin, South China are formed primarily by calcimicrobes and biologically induced cement, representing the microbe-dominated and characteristic carbonate buildups within a reefal ecosystem that nearly all reef-building metazoans were absent after the Frasnian/Famennian biotic crisis. Mi-crobial community and microbialite seem to be linked with specific palaeoenvironment and pa-laeoclimate, suggesting that they could be used as indicators of environmental change and biotic events.

Coupling relationships between brachiopods and Girvanella during the Late Devonian F-F transition in Guilin, South China

The abundance curves derived from area proportions of brachiopods and Girvanella in the thin sections from the Yangdi section, South China, exhibits complex relationships during the Late Devonian Frasnian-Famennian transition. The living activity of brachiopods such as grazing and borrowing did great damage to the growth of Girvanella. However, there was more to just a mere a survival competing relationship between them, Girvanella actually improved marine environments by oxygenating the dysoxic ambient sea-water through photosynthesis in the lower Kellwasser Horizon. Profited from this improvement brachiopods' abundance increased subsequently and suppressed Girvanella again. Nonetheless, without Girvanella's photosynthesis, brachiopods were wiped out by the farther anoxic environments in the upper Kellwasser Horizon. The complex relationships between Girvanella and brachiopods may be a key to unlocking the relationships between geomicrobes and metazoans in the geological overturn periods.

内蒙古敖汉旗朝吐沟组的地质时代

对采自大兴安岭南部朝吐沟组建组剖面的酸性火山岩(流纹岩)样品开展锆石U-Pb LA-ICP-MS年代学分析,测试结果显示:样品具有岩浆成因的特征,加权平均年龄为374±10 Ma,指示该酸性火山岩形成于晚泥盆世,发育该套火山岩的朝吐沟组为晚泥盆世地层.研究认为沿华北板块北缘展布的朝吐沟组火山-沉积建造形成于晚泥盆世一个次稳定—非稳定的被动陆缘盆地沉积环境,这对更准确地认识大兴安岭乃至整个东北地区泥盆纪—石炭纪构造演化以及古地理格局具有重要意义.

江西乌石山矿床地质特征、矿体规律研究及其对矿山开采的指示意义

由于乌石山矿区前期关于沉积环境、矿层矿石厚度品位分布特征和变化规律等针对性研究较少,矿体局部(或细部)生产地质资料缺乏,制约了深部矿区的生产开拓。同时井下矿产资源消耗较快,面临着地质矿产资源难以接续的问题,严重影响了矿山企业的可持续发展。通过矿区矿体控制机理、矿床地质特征的详细研究,逐步揭示晚泥盆世矿区各构造矿层和矿石的空间分布、变化规律的关系,总结相关规律,提高认识,以更好指导矿山井下生产实践。经研究表明:①矿体受褶皱和断裂构造影响,两翼产状变化大,具有不对称的特点;②经过工程勘查钻探验证、比对,进一步明确了矿区地质构造赋存形态、特征,增进了构造的再认识;③矿层厚度呈现出轴部厚两翼薄,南部厚北部薄的特点,矿石品位亦然,相互呈正相关关系;④对深部矿区生产开拓和有规划、系统化生产找矿采矿工作具有一定的指示意义。

黑龙江多宝山地区晚泥盆世A型花岗斑岩年代学、地球化学特征及其地质意义

黑龙江多宝山地区位于兴蒙造山带东段,为兴安地块与松嫩地块的拼合部位,是研究嫩江—黑河洋(古亚洲洋分支)构造演化的关键地段。对嫩江市多宝山地区西侧出露的花岗斑岩开展岩石学、年代学和元素地球化学等方面的研究,以期限定其形成时代,探讨岩石成因及构造背景,为嫩江—黑河洋构造岩浆演化提供依据。花岗斑岩呈肉红色,具多斑状结构,块状构造,斑晶由钾长石、石英和少量的斜长石组成,基质主要由微晶结构的长英质矿物和少量黑云母组成。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb加权平均年龄为(365.1±2.6)Ma,形成于晚泥盆世晚期。岩石地球化学具有高质量分数的SiO_(2)、K_(2)O,低质量分数的CaO、MgO和Al_(2)O_(3),高TFeO/MgO和Rb/Sr值,富集Rb、Th、Zr和Hf元素,贫Sr、Ba、Eu、Ti和P元素,REE配分曲线呈燕式分布,负铕异常明显,表现出A型花岗岩的特征。以高的Zr/Hf值,Na_(2)O、TFeO质量分数和相对低的P_(2)O_(5)、Rb质量分数区别于高分异I型、S型花岗岩。特征微量元素比值与大陆地壳相应值相近,且岩石具有较低的MgO、Cr质量分数和Mg#值,指示其源区主要来自地壳。综合分析表明,该期花岗斑岩为非典型A1亚类花岗岩,兼具火山弧和板内花岗岩的元素地球化学特征,形成于嫩江—黑河洋北向俯冲挤压体系下派生的局部拉张环境。

东天山造山带黑尖山地区花岗闪长岩岩石成因及构造意义:来自岩石学、锆石U-Pb年代学、地球化学证据

黑尖山花岗闪长岩位于东天山造山带晚古生代弧盆系之小热泉子—大南湖古生代残留弧内,通过分析其野外地质特征、岩相学、岩石地球化学以及锆石U-Pb年代学特征,探讨了其岩石成因、构造背景,为东天山地区古洋盆闭合、碰撞造山时限等洋-陆构造格局及其演化研究提供新的基础信息。电感耦合等离子体质谱(inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry,LA-ICP-MS)锆石U-Pb同位素定年结果显示黑尖山花岗闪长岩形成年龄为(373.0±3.0)Ma。岩石地球化学研究表明,花岗闪长岩具有高硅、准铝质、中-高钾钙碱性系列的I型花岗岩特征;稀土元素总量变化范围为112.82×10^(-6)~129.91×10^(-6),且轻/重稀土的比值变化范围为8.73~11.26(平均值为9.64),指示轻稀土相对重稀土富集,弱Eu负异常(δEu=0.77~0.85);样品富集大离子亲石元素(LILE,如Rb、Ba、K、U),亏损高场强元素(HFSE,如Ta、Nb和Ti)及P、Ta、Nb负异常明显;显示岛弧岩浆岩的特征,形成于板块俯冲的构造环境。综合区域地质特征、岩石地球化学和岩浆源区特征,黑尖山花岗闪长岩是东天山小热泉子—大南湖岛弧内晚古生代大规模中酸性岩浆侵入作用的同期产物,表明东天山黑尖山地区晚泥盆世花岗闪长岩是古大洋(古北天山洋)板片向北俯冲的岛弧背景产物;进一步说明东天山黑尖山地区泥盆纪晚期古大洋仍未闭合。

北非摩洛哥小阿特拉斯东段晚泥盆世法门期叠层石的发现

北非摩洛哥小阿特拉斯东段Fecht地区的晚泥盆世地层划分为ds3和dh两个单元。ds3单元是一套厚约1.3m的灰色夹紫红色厚-薄层瘤状生屑灰岩,发育叠层石,产丰富的海百合茎和头足类,局部伴生腕足和三叶虫。dh单元下部为灰色薄层泥质粉砂岩与粉砂质页岩互层,夹泥灰岩透镜体;上部为灰绿色中层细砂岩,发育波痕构造,产遗迹化石和双壳类。牙形石生物地层表明这两个单元都处于法门期早Palmatolepis marginifera带。本文首次报道了摩洛哥晚泥盆世法门期的叠层石,说明弗拉期-法门期生物灭绝事件发生后,微生物首先出现繁盛,随后才开始骨骼生物的复苏。

川西北地区中泥盆统腐泥型烃源岩晚期生气特征实验研究

中国南方古生界烃源岩的原始干酪根类型以腐泥型-偏腐泥型(Ⅰ-Ⅱ型)为主,目前主体处于过成熟阶段(镜质体反射率R_(o)>2.0%),准确评价Ⅰ-Ⅱ型干酪根在生-排油之后的生气潜力(或晚期生气)及生气特征对中国南方古生界深层-超深层天然气勘探至关重要。鉴于此,以川西北地区中泥盆统观雾山组样品(R_(o)≈1.1%)为例,通过黄金管生烃模拟实验,结合已有文献资料,探讨了Ⅰ-Ⅱ型干酪根在高-过成熟阶段的生气潜力及气体地球化学特征。结果表明,研究样品残留油含量(按单位有机碳质量计算,以下同)为140 mg/g,现今生气潜力为220 mL/g,显示仍具有较好的生气潜力。其中,干酪根裂解气的贡献至少为140 mL/g,残留油裂解气最多为80 mL/g,表明腐泥型烃源岩在排油效率较高时,其晚期生气以干酪根裂解气为主。同时,排油之后的腐泥型烃源岩晚期生成的天然气干燥系数较高,随着甲烷产率的增加甲烷碳同位素快速变重,在成熟度达到R_(o)≈3.5%时,其甲烷碳同位素值与母质干酪根碳同位素值接近(碳同位素分馏程度约为0.5‰)。上述结果可为中国南方古生界深层-超深层天然气的资源潜力评价和天然气来源识别等研究提供有益的科学依据。

Petrogenesis and Tectonic Implications of the Late Silurian–Early Devonian Bimodal Intrusive Rocks in the Central Beishan Orogenic Belt,NW China:Constraints by Petrology,Geochemistry and Hf Isotope

A large number of Late Silurian–Early Devonian intrusive rocks are distributed in the central Beishan orogenic belt(BOB).Tectonic setting of these intrusive rocks is of great significance to the study of the subduction and accretion of the Paleo-Asian Ocean.Previous studies show that most of the intrusive rocks in this region are S-type or A-type granitoids.In this study,we firstly reported the Late Silurian–Early Devoniandia bases,granodiorites on the southside of the Baiyunshan ophiolitic mélanges belt,as a part of Hongliuhe-Xichangjing ophiolitic mélanges belt(HXOMB).Zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating yields emplacement ages between 418 and 397 Ma,REE distribution patterns exhibit enriched LREE and flat HREE in the diabases,the discriminant diagrams show that the diabases have geochemical characteristics of intraplate basalt.The granodiorites in this paper present more like S-and A-type granitoids reported,showing the geochemical characteristics of syn/post-collision granites.Actually,the bimodal magmatic rocks are developed during Late Silurian–Early Devonian on both sides of the HXOMB,which are related to the tectonic background of the post orogeny extension.The diabases are tholeiitic with relative strong depletedεHf(t)(+8.1 to+13.0),which are mainly from relative depleted mantle.The granodiorites are calc-alkaline with relative slightly depletedεHf(t)(+0.7 to+5.6)and the lower Mg#and MgO contents(34.6–36.9,0.50 wt.%–1.19 wt.%respectively),reflecting the source characteristics of meta-basalt.Therefore,the remelting of juvenile crust may be the main way of continental crust accretion during Late Silurian–Early Devonian in the central BOB.

藏北双湖地区才多茶卡一带构造混杂岩中发现晚泥盆世和晚二叠世放射虫硅质岩

报道了在西藏北部双湖才多茶卡地区新发现的晚泥盆世和晚二叠世放射虫硅质岩,实测剖面的第9层硅质岩以产Neoalbaillella动物群为特征,其中N.ormithoformis,N.optima是晚二叠世长兴阶的2个带化石;第14层硅质岩以产Entactinids动物群为特征,其中Stigmosphaerostylusoumonhaoensis,Triloneheechinata,Archocyrtiumriedeli等主要见于晚泥盆世法门阶。上述2个动物群在西藏尚属首次发现。才多茶卡地区晚古生代放射虫硅质岩的发现为重新认识双湖构造混杂岩带的形成时代、构造环境、“构造带是否东延”等重大地质问题,提供了新的重要资料。

敦煌三危山地区晚泥盆世斜长花岗岩的发现及其地质意义

本文报道在敦煌三危山地区发现的斜长花岗岩。斜长花岗岩呈细小脉状、网脉状产出,主要由斜长石(60%~65%)和石英(28%~32%)组成,电子探针分析数据显示斜长石属于钠长石-更长石(Ab=85~99),主要为更长石。岩石样品具高硅(Si O2=71.00%~72.92%)、极度富钠、贫钾(Na2O/K2O=8.54~11.37)的特征;Mg#较高,介于47~64;稀土元素含量极低,球粒陨石标准化配分曲线呈近乎平坦型分布,轻、重稀土元素均亏损,Eu、Sr正异常。锆石Hf同位素组成显示εHf(t)为正值,主体介于+3.1^+6.4之间,表明该斜长花岗岩为M型花岗岩。野外地质特征、岩相学特征、地球化学组成和锆石Hf同位素分析均表明该区斜长花岗岩是由起源于亏损地幔源区的洋脊拉斑玄武质熔体中的斜长石堆晶形成的大洋斜长花岗岩,属于蛇绿岩的端元组分,该岩石形成以后经历了后期流体交代作用的改造。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果显示样品21SWS和SWS05的206Pb/238U加权平均年龄分别为363±2Ma和365±3Ma,表明该斜长花岗岩形成于晚泥盆世。综合区域地质特征及已有研究成果,提出敦煌地区经历了晚古生代洋盆扩张-俯冲过程,360~370Ma的洋盆扩张可能代表了古亚洲洋南缘弧后盆地的扩张;伴随着新元古代开始古亚洲洋的扩张-闭合过程,敦煌地块很可能卷入到了一系列与古亚洲洋闭合相关的造山活动,最终构成了中亚造山带的一部分。

塔里木盆地晚泥盆世—早石炭世东河砂岩沉积相

东河砂岩是塔里木盆地主要的勘探目的层和产油层之一。经过多年艰苦勘探和多学科综合研究 ,现已认识到东河砂岩为晚泥盆世晚期至早石炭世早期海平面上升背景下沉积的一套海侵底砂 (砾 )岩 ,在盆地范围内是一个明显的穿时沉积体。东河砂岩以滨浅海相陆源碎屑沉积占优势 ,局部发育海陆过渡相陆源碎屑沉积。根据盆地内 10 0多口井资料的岩石学特征、沉积特征以及其它指相标志的综合分析 ,在东河砂岩中识别出滨岸、河口湾、辫状河三角洲以及冲积扇等不同的沉积相类型 ,其中高能碎屑滨岸相最重要 ,分布最广。东河砂岩沉积早期和中期 ,盆地主要为高能碎屑滨岸相和碎屑陆棚相沉积 ,末期海侵达到最大 ,盆地内为碳酸盐台地沉积 ,而轮南及盆地北部一带受物源区的影响 ,出现混积滨岸和碎屑滨岸沉积。东河砂岩明显具有填平补齐的沉积特征 ,其砂体厚度在缓坡处减薄、陡坡处增厚、遇孤岛减薄或尖灭 ,这些沉积特征为形成东河砂岩非构造圈闭奠定了良好的地质基础。满加尔、轮南、塔中、玛扎塔格以及草湖地区都有可能找到该类油气藏 (田 ) 。