Development and Application of a Power Law Constitutive Model for Eddy Current Dampers

Eddy current dampers (ECDs) have emerged as highly desirable solutions for vibration control due to theirexceptional damping performance and durability. However, the existing constitutive models present challenges tothe widespread implementation of ECD technology, and there is limited availability of finite element analysis (FEA)software capable of accurately modeling the behavior of ECDs. This study addresses these issues by developing anewconstitutivemodel that is both easily understandable and user-friendly for FEAsoftware. By utilizing numericalresults obtained from electromagnetic FEA, a novel power law constitutive model is proposed to capture thenonlinear behavior of ECDs. The effectiveness of the power law constitutive model is validated throughmechanicalproperty tests and numerical seismic analysis. Furthermore, a detailed description of the application process ofthe power law constitutive model in ANSYS FEA software is provided. To facilitate the preliminary design ofECDs, an analytical derivation of energy dissipation and parameter optimization for ECDs under harmonicmotionis performed. The results demonstrate that the power law constitutive model serves as a viable alternative forconducting dynamic analysis using FEA and optimizing parameters for ECDs.

General laws of funding for scientific citations:how citations change in funded and unfunded research between basic and applied sciences

Purpose:The goal of this study is to analyze the relationship between funded and unfunded papers and their citations in both basic and applied sciences.Design/methodology/approach:A power law model analyzes the relationship between research funding and citations of papers using 831,337 documents recorded in the Web of Science database.Findings:The original results reveal general characteristics of the diffusion of science in research fields:a)Funded articles receive higher citations compared to unfunded papers in journals;b)Funded articles exhibit a super-linear growth in citations,surpassing the increase seen in unfunded articles.This finding reveals a higher diffusion of scientific knowledge in funded articles.Moreover,c)funded articles in both basic and applied sciences demonstrate a similar expected change in citations,equivalent to about 1.23%,when the number of funded papers increases by 1%in journals.This result suggests,for the first time,that funding effect of scientific research is an invariant driver,irrespective of the nature of the basic or applied sciences.Originality/value:This evidence suggests empirical laws of funding for scientific citations that explain the importance of robust funding mechanisms for achieving impactful research outcomes in science and society.These findings here also highlight that funding for scientific research is a critical driving force in supporting citations and the dissemination of scientific knowledge in recorded documents in both basic and applied sciences.Practical implications:This comprehensive result provides a holistic view of the relationship between funding and citation performance in science to guide policymakers and R&D managers with science policies by directing funding to research in promoting the scientific development and higher diffusion of results for the progress of human society.

Applying the Stefan-Boltzmann Law to a Cosmological Model (a Brief Note)

This brief note brings the reader up-to-date with the recent successes of the new Haug-Tatum cosmology model. In particular, the significance of recent proof that the Stefan-Boltzmann law applies to such a model is emphasized and a rationale for this is given. Remarkably, the proposed solutions of this model have incorporated all 580 supernova redshifts in the Union2 database. Therefore, one can usefully apply this thermodynamic law in the form of a continually expanding black-body universe model. To our knowledge, no other cosmological model has achieved such high-precision observational correlation.

Spatial Heterogeneity and Variability of a Large-Scale Vegetation Community Using a Power-Law Model

Spatial heterogeneity and stability are fundamental indices for describing vegetation communities. The spatial distribution characteristics of the vegetation in Nenjiang region of northeastern China were evaluated using a variance power-law model. The data fits the model well with estimates given for the levels of heterogeneity for not only single species but also the community as a whole. The linear regression indicates that the species in the community exhibit a consistently organized spatial pattern, as is often discovered in field surveys but rarely seen in artificial systems. The species deviations from the regression line, which exhibit a leptokurtic distribution, may reflect the variability of the community. Thus, the model provides a general tool for management and regulation of ecosystems, especially where there is human disturbances.

The Rule of Law Model of Internet Governance

The rule of law is the basic form of national governance and the rule of law model is the necessary direction for the governance of online society.Online society is in essence a new pattern of social relationships and structural forms comprising relationships among citizens,legal persons,organizational bodies,etc.,formed and brought together on the basis of Internet technology;and also a reflection,expansion and expression,singly or in synthesis,of various relationships in the fields of the real economy,politics,culture,society and the environment.The rule of law model of Internet governance refers to governance theories,systems and practices that employ rule of law thinking and the rule of law model to bring the elements,structures,procedures and functions of Internet governance into the scope of the rule of law and its operational track.Reviewing the tortuous course of the development of rule of law Internet governance in China,summarizing useful experience in the construction of rule of law Internet governance,and reflecting on existing legislative,law enforcement and judicial dilemmas will enable us to build up a rule of law system of online governance with comprehensive norms,effective implementation,strict supervision and strong guarantees.This will be marked by Chinese characteristics and will ensure the application of rule of law thinking and the rule of law model in governing,operating,using and safeguarding the Internet,thus achieving sound and orderly Internet operation and development along the path of the rule of law and advancing the modernization of the Internet governance system and governance capability.

Modeling Solid Waste Minimization Performance at Source in Dar es Salaam City, Tanzania

Municipal solid waste generation is strongly linked to rising human population and expanding urban areas, with significant implications on urban metabolism as well as space and place values redefinition. Effective management performance of municipal solid waste management underscores the interdisciplinarity strategies. Such knowledge and skills are paramount to uncover the sources of waste generation as well as means of waste storage, collection, recycling, transportation, handling/treatment, disposal, and monitoring. This study was conducted in Dar es Salaam city. Driven by the curiosity model of the solid waste minimization performance at source, study data was collected using focus group discussion techniques to ward-level local government officers, which was triangulated with literature and documentary review. The main themes of the FGD were situational factors (SFA) and local government by-laws (LGBY). In the FGD session, sub-themes of SFA tricked to understand how MSW minimization is related to the presence and effect of services such as land use planning, availability of landfills, solid waste transfer stations, material recovery facilities, incinerators, solid waste collection bins, solid waste trucks, solid waste management budget and solid waste collection agents. Similarly, FGD on LGBY was extended by sub-themes such as contents of the by-law, community awareness of the by-law, and by-law enforcement mechanisms. While data preparation applied an analytical hierarchy process, data analysis applied an ordinary least square (OLS) regression model for sub-criteria that explain SFA and LGBY;and OLS standard residues as variables into geographically weighted regression with a resolution of 241 × 241 meter in ArcMap v10.5. Results showed that situational factors and local government by-laws have a strong relationship with the rate of minimizing solid waste dumping in water bodies (local R square = 0.94).

The Macromarket Law and Development Models of Wool and Cotton Industries

According to the macromarket law, the total supply will go to equilibrium with the total demand for the world as a whole. Textiles are consumables, the total demand of which must be proportional to the population. For any large district, the share ratio - the ratio of the local productivity world share to the local population world share,will approach unity in long term period. The uncommon prosperity of the textile industry in the developed countries before the Second World War had been established by super economical means of the old era. The developing countries nowadays have no such means, and will never be able to establish the local textile Industry to an uncommon large scale. The development model of the textile industry must be in four stages: the first two are common both for the developed and for the developing countries, namely demand leading - supply leading. The third stage is quite different: uncommon expansion followed by significant declination, for the developed, and the re -

A LAW OF ITERATED LOGARITHM FOR THE MLE IN A RANDOM CENSORING MODEL WITH INCOMPLETE INFORMATION

In this article, a law of iterated logarithm for the maximum likelihood estimator in a random censoring model with incomplete information under certain regular conditions is obtained.

Exact Solutions of a Power Law Fluid Model in Posttreatment Analysis of Wire Coating with Linearly Varying Boundary Temperature

In this paper, analysis of post-treatment of wire coating is presented. Coating material satisfies power law fluid model. Exact solutions for the velocity field, volume flow rate and average velocity are obtained. Moreover, the heat transfer results are presented for different cases of linearly varying on the boundaries. The variations of velocity, volume flow rate, radius of coated wire, shear rate and the force on the total wire are presented graphically and discussed.

Francis Turbine and Governor Improved Models Considering Step Closing Law of Guide Vanes for Power System Stability Analysis

The Francis turbine governing system models in PSD-BPA can’t precisely reflect the actual characteristics. Endeavor was done in this paper to solve the problem. An improved model of actuating mechanism was developed, which could reflect the step closing characteristic of hydro guide vanes. The effect of the inflection point value of actuating mechanism on load rejection was analyzed based on simulation. The non-linear Francis turbine model with power versus gate position module was researched in this paper. Based on field test, comparisons of simulation results with measured data were presented. The analysis demonstrates that the improved models of Francis turbine and governor proposed in this paper are more realistic than the models of BPA, and can be applied in power system simulation analysis better.

Establishmen and vertification of an improved similitude law for dynamic ice force model test

To study the similitude laws for dynamic ice force model test which is a hot problem in ice mechanics.In this paper,a new modified similitude law for dynamic ice force model test is proposed based on ice-induced virbration theory and two reasonable assumptions.And the new law is vertified with an ice-induced pier virbration example.The numerical calculation results show that,firstly,the error of frequency factor between test value and theory value is small as well as that of displacement and velocity;Secondly,the time scale completely meet the similitude relation,the waveforms anastomotic well,and the phenomenon of offset and omit do not occur;Thirdly,as the damping ratio between prototype and model is nearly equal,the improved similitude law will still be applied.Therefore,the new modified similitude law is feasible to study dynamic ice force model test and can provide reference for the ice mechanics.

Mathematical model and general laws of wet compression

Wet compression is an effective way to enhance the performance of gas turbines and it has attracted a good deal of attention in recent years. The one sidedness and inaccuracy of previous studies,which took concentration gradient as mass transfer potential are discussed. The mass transfer process is analyzed from the viewpoint of non equilibrium thermodynamics,by taking generalized thermodynamic driving force as mass transfer potential,and the corresponding mass transfer coefficient is obtained using the heat and mass transfer equilibrium occurring between moist air and water droplets at wet bulb temperature for the sake of avoiding complex tests and providing more accurate formulas. A mathematical model of wet compression is therefore established,and the general laws of wet compression are investigated. The results show that the performance of atomizer is critical for wet compression and wet compression is more suitable for compressors with higher pressure ratio and longer compression time.

Noether's theorem for non-conservative Hamilton system based on El-Nabulsi dynamical model extended by periodic laws

This paper focuses on the Noether symmetries and the conserved quantities for both holonomic and nonholonomic systems based on a new non-conservative dynamical model introduced by E1-Nabulsi. First, the E1-Nabulsi dynamical model which is based on a fractional integral extended by periodic laws is introduced, and E1-Nabulsi-Hamilton＇s canoni- cal equations for non-conservative Hamilton system with holonomic or nonholonomic constraints are established. Second, the definitions and criteria of E1-Nabulsi-Noether symmetrical transformations and quasi-symmetrical transformations are presented in terms of the invariance of E1-Nabulsi-Hamilton action under the infinitesimal transformations of the group. Fi- nally, Noether＇s theorems for the non-conservative Hamilton system under the E1-Nabulsi dynamical system are established, which reveal the relationship between the Noether symmetry and the conserved quantity of the system.

The Evolutive Law concerning Relationship between Economic Growth and Farmers' Income Increase in Xinjiang since the Reform and Opening-up:An Empirical Analysis of the VEC Model

We select the per capita gross domestic product and rural residents' per capita net income in Xinjiang as the indicator variables to measure economic growth and farmers' income increase in Xinjiang, respectively. We establish the cointegration equation, the vector error correction (VEC) model, and use the impulse response function to conduct empirical analysis of the evolutive law concerning relationship between economic growth and farmers' income increase in Xinjiang during the period 1978-2010. The results show that there is a cointegration relationship between economic growth in Xinjiang and farmers' income increase; the former plays an important role in promoting the latter, following the evolutive law "first intensify, then abate, intensify again, and finally become stable". We put the following policy recommendations: providing preferential policies for farmers, scientifically and rationally guiding the transfer of rural labor; improving the function of agriculture, increasing the proportion of non-farm income; gradually bridging the widening income gap between urban and rural areas, coordinating urban and rural development.

一种支持SoC数字电路老化及寿命的评估方法

使用Spice可靠性仿真技术和高温稳态寿命(HTOL)实验相结合的方法,研究不同的MOSFET器件组成的环振电路在持续翻转状态下,不同应力时间和应力电压对其寿命退化的影响。依据仿真结果和Power-Law模型建立数字电路的寿命预测理论模型。通过HTOL实验验证模型的准确性。结果表明,随着时间的增加,器件的寿命退化率逐渐增加,且随着时间的推移,寿命的变化率越来越小。随着应力电压的增加,器件的寿命退化率更快趋向于稳定。器件退化符合R-D模型,仿真结果与试验结果高度,进一步证实了本模型对SoC数字电路寿命预测的准确性。通过这种组合仿真和实验的方法,可以更加准确地评估数字电路的寿命,为芯片制造过程中的可靠性设计提供参考。

Establishment of Unstable Flow Model and Well Testing Analysis for Viscoelastic Polymer Flooding

At present, the polymer solution is usually assumed to be Newtonian fluid or pseudoplastic fluid, and its elasticity is not considered on the study of polymer flooding well testing model. A large number of experiments have shown that polymer solutions have viscoelasticity, and disregarding the elasticity will cause certain errors in the analysis of polymer solution seepage law. Based on the percolation theory, this paper describes the polymer flooding mechanism from the two aspects of viscous effect and elastic effect, the mathematical model of oil water two-phase three components unsteady flow in viscoelastic polymer flooding was established, and solved by finite difference method, and the well-test curve was drawn to analyze the rule of well test curve in polymer flooding. The results show that, the degree of upward warping in the radial flow section of the pressure recovery curve when considering polymer elasticity is greater than the curve which not considering polymer elasticity. The relaxation time, power-law index, polymer injection concentration mainly affect the radial flow stage of the well testing curve. The relaxation time, power-law index, polymer injection concentration and other polymer flooding parameters mainly affect the radial flow stage of the well testing curve. The larger the polymer flooding parameters, the greater the degree of upwarping of the radial flow derivative curve. This model has important reference significance for well-testing research in polymer flooding oilfields.

基于Amdahl定律的异构多核密码处理器能效模型研究

边缘计算安全的资源受限特征及各种新型密码技术的应用,对多核密码处理器的高能效、异构性提出需求,但当前尚缺乏相关的异构多核能效模型研究.本文基于扩展Amdahl定律,引入密码串并特征、异构多核结构、数据准备时间、动态电压频率调节等因素,将核划分空闲、活跃状态,建立异构多核密码处理器的能效模型.MATLAB仿真结果表明,数据准备时间占比小于10%时,对能效的负面影响大幅下降;固定电压,频率缩放会影响能效值大小;处理器核空闲/活跃能耗比例越小,能效值越大.架构上,固定异构核,同构核数量与密码任务最大并行度相等时能效值最大,最佳异构核数可由模型变化参数仿真得到;多任务调度执行上,流水与并发执行有利于能效值的进一步提升.多核密码处理器芯片板级测试结果表明,仿真结果与实测数据相关系数接近1,芯片实测的数据准备时间、电压频率缩放等因素的影响与仿真分析基本一致,验证了所提能效模型的有效性.该文重点从影响能效变化趋势因素上,为多核密码处理器异构、高能效设计提供一定的理论分析基础与建议.

库区浮泥层纵向流速垂线分布特性研究

水库浮泥是存在于水库底部的一层高含沙水体,流动性较强,直接影响水库淤积形态和水库排沙,研究其运动规律对水库减淤优化调度具有重要意义。根据三峡库区实测泥沙矿物组成和级配资料,配置沙样进行流变试验,以幂律流变模型描述浮泥的本构关系。构建了浮泥运动的速度分布理论模型,通过水槽试验对模型进行了验证,计算结果与试验结果吻合较好。结果表明,浮泥运动速度随浮泥厚度、上层水流流速、床面坡度增大而增大,随浮泥密度增大而减少。沿水深方向浮泥纵向流速分布始终呈抛物线型,表层的浮泥流速要远大于底层浮泥,浮泥纵向流速沿垂向方向不断减少,最底部的浮泥几乎处于静止状态。

基于非线性干扰观测器的IPMSM改进无模型滑模控制

针对内置式永磁同步电机参数摄动导致模型不确定而影响系统控制性能的问题,提出一种基于非线性干扰观测器的内置式永磁同步电机改进无模型滑模控制方法。首先,建立考虑参数摄动的内置式永磁同步电机(Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor,IPMSM)新型超局部模型;其次,利用改进滑模趋近律设计滑模控制器作为无模型控制中的反馈控制器;然后,设计非线性干扰观测器来观测估计无模型控制中的未知复杂项;最后,与传统无模型滑模控制方法进行仿真实验对比。仿真实验结果证明所提方法能有效解决系统参数摄动影响电机控制性能等问题,验证了所提方法的有效性及优越性。

《仲裁法》如何更加国际化——基于《仲裁法(修订)(征求意见稿)》主要条款的考察

《仲裁法(修订)(征求意见稿)》通过大幅修订,力求促进我国仲裁制度的进一步国际化发展。以《示范法》和《纽约公约》为国际化对标标准,《仲裁法(修订)(征求意见稿)》在仲裁庭权力和仲裁裁决的司法审查、临时仲裁、法院协助取证等方面基本符合国际标准,但应进一步细化具体措施的实施标准和配套规则,以期为仲裁实践提供更为清晰的指引。此外,此次修订在仲裁机构法律地位、仲裁员任职资格与责任等方面还未达到国际化标准,可以进一步提升意思自治程度,深化仲裁机构改革、引入仲裁员责任有限豁免制度。