On the Criminal Law Protection of the Marine Ecological Environment

With the continuous and rapid development of the country’s economy and society,it has greatly promoted the leap of the marine economy and brought more severe challenges and tests to the protection of marine ecological environment.How to effectively measure the criminal law protection of the marine ecological environment and take effective measures Measures to deepen the effects of marine ecological environmental protection have become one of the focus topics of widespread concern in the industry.Based on this,this article first introduces the protection of marine ecological interests in China’s criminal law,analyzes the necessity of adjusting the ecological environment in criminal law,and discusses the deficiencies in China’s marine legal system and combines relevant practical experience to improve the marine environment.Various angles and aspects,such as laws and regulations related to resource crimes,put forward the basic approach to strengthen the criminal law protection of the marine ecological environment,and hope to help the practice of related work.

Discussion on Administrative Law protection for Pension Rights and Interests of the Lost Only-Child Elderly in China

Lacking of shelter and care from their children, Chinese lost only-child elderly are impoverished and their mental state compared to older people in general are more fragile and sensitive. They have even united themselves for self-help, while their efforts have been often unhelpful. Their scale has been increasingly expanding and risen to many serious social problems. Appearance of lost only-child old man people and vulnerability of protection for those elderly is mainly due to the faultiness of Birth Control Policy, lack of government finance and imperfect social security system. Chinese government should establish a mechanism to increase and maintain the value of administrative compensations, strengthen administrative pay and protection of administrative contracts, broaden administrative relief channels for the elderly, and effectively protect the pension interests of the lost only-child elderly.

Persist in Law-based Protection of Human Rights and Improve the Mechanism for the Protection of Human Rights by the Rule of Law

General Secretary Xi Jinping delivered an important speech on China’s Path of Human Rights at a group study session of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee on February 25,2022.Persisting with the law-based protection of human rights and improving the mechanism for the protection of human rights by the rule of law are essential for unswervingly following the development path of human rights in China.The improvement of the mechanism for the protection of human rights by the rule of law necessitates adhering to the principle of respecting the dominant role of the people and removing the institutional obstacles in rule of law protection of human rights;to comprehensively strengthen the implementation of the Constitution,advance the filing and examination of the Constitution,and safeguard the authority of the Constitution;to accelerate the theoretical innovation of human rights and the construction of the discipline system,the academic system and the discourse system of human rights that meet the needs of the new era in China,and to actively participate in and contribute to the global governance on human rights,etc.Improving the mechanism for the protection of human rights by the rule of law can provide a solid protection for people enjoying a better life.

The Model Selection of Personal Information Protection in Criminal Procedures

In criminal procedures,the right to personal information does not conform to the human rights characteristics of criminal procedures centered on due process right,in which the right to be forgotten and the right to access data possess no attributes of independent litigation right.The theory of the independent right to personal information lacks a legitimate basis and should not be used as the protection model for personal information in criminal proceedings.Given the particularity of interest measurement and the individuality and negativity of human rights in criminal procedures,the protection of personal information in the criminal procedure should be aimed at the risk of transformation from collective general information to private sensitive information.Specifically,it is the right of personal information not to be excessively collected.Accordingly,the personal information protection should be included in the scope of criminal procedures by the conceptual interpretation of the informational privacy,i.e.,the dependency protection model.In this regard,the criminal proceeding should appropriately introduce the basic principles of personal information protection and the limited general forensic to deal with the impact and challenge of emerging right claim on the criminal justice system.

Research on Residents’Willingness to Protect Privacy in the Context of the Personal Information Protection Law:A Survey Based on Foshan Residents’Data

The Personal Information Protection Law,as the first law on personal information protection in China,hits the people’s most concerned,realistic and direct privacy and information security issues,and plays an extremely important role in promoting the development of the digital economy,the legalization of socialism with Chinese characteristics and social public security,and marks a new historical development stage in the protection of personal information in China.However,the awareness of privacy protection and privacy protection behavior of the public in personal information privacy protection is weak.Based on the literature review and in-depth understanding of current legal regulations,this study integrates the relevant literature and theoretical knowledge of the Personal Protection Law to construct a conceptual model of“privacy information protection willingness-privacy information protection behavior”.Taking the residents of Foshan City as an example,this paper conducts a questionnaire survey on their attitudes toward the Personal Protection Law,analyzes the factors influencing their willingness to protect their privacy and their behaviors,and explores the mechanisms of their influencing variables,to provide advice and suggestions for promoting the protection of privacy information and building a security barrier for the high-quality development of public information security.

Achievements Outstanding In Protecting Minors——Report on enforcement of Law on the Protection of Minors (excerpts)

The Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Minors and the Law ofthe People's Republic of China on the Prevention of Juvenile Crimes were passed on September 4, 1991 and June 28,1999 and came into force on January 1, 1992 and November 1, 1999. Over the past decades, China has scoredoutstanding achievements in implementing the two laws. In order to strengthen supervision of the implementationof the two laws and better protect the lawful rights and interests of the under-aged, the National People's CongressStanding Committee set up a Law Enforcement Check Group in July 2003, which carried out a nationwidecheck of the implementation of the two laws. On August 25, NPC Vice-Chairperson Gu Xiulian reported on theresult of the check to the fourth meeting of the Tenth NPC standing committee. She described the generalsituation in the implementation of the two laws as 'good' and also identified some problems and put forwardsome recommendations with regard to the enforcement and implementation of the two laws.The following are the excerpts of the report:

United States Law on the Protection of Abused and Neglected Children

I. Introduction This paper discusses child protection in the United States. I will discuss four general topics. The first topic is United States laws on the protection of children from child abuse and neglect. The second topic is providing care for children who must be removed from their homes. The third is the role of courts in child protection in the United States.

Improvement of Legislation System of Protecting Women’s Rights and Interests in China——Taking the Amendment of the Law on the Protection of Women’s Rights and Interests as an Opportunity

The Law on the Protection of Women’s Rights and interests has been amended twice since it was promulgated 1992,and it has formed a relatively complete legislation system together with relevant laws and regulations,accumulating experience of judicial application in practice.In the current proposed amendment of the Law on the Protection of Women’s Rights and interests,the main issues that should be considered are:First,the legislative purpose of this law should be reviewed to clarify the three legislative positions of the Law on Women’s Rights and interests,in terms of protection,practice and foundation.Second,it is necessary to grasp whether the text content is appropriate and rectify any defects in the existing text.Third,it should explore how to reform and implement specific systems from the micro perspective to improve the specific systems of women’s personal,property,and social rights and interests.Fourth,it should strengthen the systematic interaction with other norms at different levels and implement the principle of gender equality stipulated in the Constitution of the People’s Republic of China.Fifth,attention should be paid to the necessity of invoking the Law in judicial practice,the possibility of operation and the effectiveness of enforcement.The proposed amendment of the Law on the Protection of Women’s Rights and interests should also sum up the experience of local legislation and judicial decisions and improve the quality of judicial application of the law so that is truly responds to the practical needs and challenges of the protection of women’s rights and interests and the implementation of gender equality in the new era.

Advancing Rule of Law in Human Rights Protection While Developing a “Socialist Rule of Law System with Chinese Characteristics”

It is very timely and necessary for us to hold this seminar in the beautiful Suzhou Campus of Renmin University of China to deeply study and implement the decisions of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 18th Communist Party of China(CPC)Central Committee,push forward the construction of China’s rule of law and jointly discuss the development of China’s human rights cause.

On the Criminal Protection of the Right to Education of Chinese Citizens——With a Review on Article 32 of the Amendment to the Criminal Law(Ⅺ)

The Amendment(Ⅺ)to the Criminal Law of the People’s Republic of China responds to the institutional needs of civic education,and supplements the clause of the Criminal Law on protection of citizens’right to education nuy means of Article 32.Imposing legal responsibility in the form of internal punishments,administrative punishments,and economic compensation have failed to prevent infringements on citizens’right to education.Its role as a"secondary protection law"is the conceptual obstacle that hinders the Criminal Law from effectively intervening in the field of citizens’right to education.The equivalence between the legal interests of people to the right to education and the rights protected by the existing charges in the Criminal Law is the legitimate basis for it to intervene in disputes over the right to education.Based on Article 32 of the Amendment(Ⅺ)to the Criminal Law of the People’s Republic of China,it is suggested to further clarify the prepositional law,improve the liability provisions for the right to education,change the modest and restrained view of the Criminal Law regarding protection of the right to education,and expand the behavior types of Article 32 provided in the Amendment(Ⅺ)in due time.

Revised Law Highlights Progress in Protection of Women's Rights

Since its promulgation a decade ago, the Law on Protection of Women＇s Rights and Interests of the People＇s Republic of China （hereinafter referred to as theWomen＇s Protection Law for short） has played a pivotal role in protecting the legitimate rights and interests of Chinese women and in promoting gender equality in the country. Nevertheless, it has proved increasingly inadequate as political, economic, social and cultural changes have kept taking place in the country, along with changes in values and people＇s life styles and thinking. First of all, the subject of its enforcement is not explicitly specified,

Enhancing the Rule of Law in China,Improving Judicial Protection for Human Rights

The Third Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China （CPC） was a vi-tally important meeting during the decisive stage of China constructing a well-off society in an all-round way. It endorsed the CPC Central Committee＇s ＂Decision on Certain Key Issues on Comprehensively Deepening Reform＂ （hereafter, ＂the decision.＂） The decision condensed the thinking and wisdom of the entire Party and society regarding comprehensively deepening reform and made a series of new breakthroughs in theory and politics related to reform.

Advocating Human Rights Protection by Rule of Law, Supporting Human Rights Undertaking with a Giant Hand——Deep Condolences to Dear Former President Luo Haocai

Chairman Luo Haocai served as the president of CSHRS from 2007 to 2016.During those nine years, he built deep friendships with researchers on human rights.Because President Luo served as vice chairman of the National Committee of CPPCC for a long time, we were used to calling him "Chairman Luo." Chairman Luo was a leader with strategic and overall awareness, a scholar-official, an elder with a young mentality, and a motivator and protector of young people.

Rule by Criminal Law is a Seismograph for the Protection of Human Rights

Criminal law involves crucial rights of the public,including property rights,political rights,freedom,and even life.As a result,on the one hand,any change to the rule by criminal law may have a significant impact on people’s lives;on the other hand,any change to the rule by criminal law is a highly sensitive issue.In view of these points,the rule by criminal law is often referred to as the seismograph for the protection of human rights,indicating the utmost importance of rule by criminal law

Human Rights Protection in the Context of Ruling the Country by Law

At a conference in Beijing on December 4, 2012 marking the 30th anni- versary of the adoption of the current Constitution, General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee Xi Jinping pointed out, ＂To fully implement the Constitution is the primary task and the basic work in building a socialist nation ruled by law.＂ He also said, ＂A country ruled by law should be first ruled by the Constitution, and lawful governance should be based on the Constitution.＂

Revisiting the Spirit of the UDHR and Discussing Human Rights Development——Summary of Views from the Seminar Commemorating the 75th Anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights

On December 4,2023,the China Society for Human Rights Studies hosted a seminar in Beijing commemorating the 75^(th) Anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.Participants discussed topics such as the significance of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights,China’s theories and practices in respecting and safeguarding human rights,the three global initiatives and global human rights governance,human rights protection in the digital age,and telling Chinese stories of human rights in the new era.The discussions led to a broad consensus and achieved positive results.

Macro Impact of the Law on Prevention and Control of Atmospheric Pollution on Power Industry Development

The newly revised and enlarged main contents of the Law of Prevention and Control of Atmospheric Pollution are described, The macro impacts of the law on the power industry development are analyzed mainly in respects to power demand and readjustment of power structure and layout. clean production and pollution control level, scientific management of environmental protection, in accordance with law as well as changes of construction and operation costs. And finally, several questions worthy to be noted in course of implementation of the new law are enumerated.

A Study of Compensation for Mental Damage and its Related Issues

the “People’s Republic of China consumer protection law” enacted since October 1, 1993, although the body of consumers rights, right to health and life aspects of the more detailed provisions, but the spirit of damages to the corresponding compensation without effective feasible regulations, so that in judicial practice, judgments of similar cases the results vary greatly. Contrary to the equity of the law and the rule of law the same principle, can not adapt to the development of market economy, safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of consumers deeper. Therefore, it has become a necessary trend to make up for the legislative defects of the system of compensation for mental damage, and to establish the system of compensation for mental damage.

Specific Issues of Criminal Protection in the Field of Genetics:International and Spanish Experience

Background:Methods for combining cloning techniques with genetic engineering techniques(gene manipulation)are currently being developed in order to enhance predetermined biological or mental characteristics.Admissibility of conducting research on human embryos is justified by the fact that it will help to improve the human species and free it from serious diseases.However,two competing rights stand in the way of legality of this practice.On the one hand,the right of a human embryo to development and life.On the other hand,the right of mankind to use all scientific means to fight more effectively against diseases and to receive organs and tissues for transplantation to improve the quality of life.Some researchers believe that human life,if regarded as a moral value,cannot be absolute.Aims and Objectives:This paper examines the relevant legislation on both international and national levels and the Spanish doctrine in terms of defining acts against genetics and evaluating effectiveness to criminalize them in order to ensure the balance between medical ethics and community best interests.Materials and Methods:This study is a description paper on gene-manipulation regulation in Spain,the EU and worldwide.It is based primarily on genetic,systematic-functional and systematization methods with regard to special legal ones.Results and Conclusion:There is a wide of international,supranational and national acts that governs gene manipulation and secures society from illegal actions.Still,there are vague issues to revise either by enacting amendments or referencing to doctrine.The perfect way to ensure community interests is to elaborate both.

The Bundle of Personal Information Rights from the Perspective of State Protection

The bundle of personal information rights refers to a set of rights belonging to the subject of personal information,including the right to know,decide,inquire,correct,copy,delete,etc.Such a bundle of rights is usually understood in Chinese civil rights legal circles as a civil right falling under the paradigm of individual autonomy and control,and is interpreted as a specific right to personal information.This understanding somewhat misinterprets the nature and function of the bundle of personal information rights.In terms of its nature,the bundle of personal information rights is the outcome of the state’s obligation to actively protect and empower individuals through institutional safeguards,and is thus essentially a means and a tool of protection granted to individuals by the state under the concept of protective law.In terms of its function,the bundle of personal information rights is both a tool enabling individuals to check and counterbalance processors of information and a strategy for the state to regulate data processors.Understanding the nature and functions of the bundle of rights from the perspective of state protection and regulation strategies helps to construct a fairer,more transparent and rational order of public law data governance under the concept of protective law and promotes the structural optimization and capacity enhancement of the data governance system.As an instrumental right under the state’s regulatory strategy,the implementation of the bundle of personal information rights needs to focus on facilitating the individual’s knowledge,participation and ability to negotiate under procedural justice,as well as the reasonable allocation of rights and obligations between individuals and information processors under distributive justice,with a view to continuously developing and enhancing the state’s regulatory rationality.