Thermal oxidative and aging as an inevitable process in the practical application of road asphalt has great effect on the properties of asphalt. In this paper,the influences of short-term thermal oxidative ageing and ...Thermal oxidative and aging as an inevitable process in the practical application of road asphalt has great effect on the properties of asphalt. In this paper,the influences of short-term thermal oxidative ageing and ultraviolet radiation(UV) aging on the dynamic viscosity,penetration,softening point and rheological properties of two kinds of layered inorganic nano-powder including organo-modified montmorillonite (OMMT) and nanometer brucite (Mg(OH)2) modified asphalts were studied respectively. The rheological properties of these binders have been determined using a dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) through temperatures sweep tests.The rheological and physical analysis showed the two major influences of ageing on the properties for two kinds of layered inorganic nano-powder modified bitumens. On one hand,ageing decreased the viscous behaviors of modified binders,on the other hand,ageing improved the elastic behaviors of modified binders. The performances of binders after aging depended on the combined effect between the modifier and the bitumen. Both the two modifiers resisted the aging of bitumens and the effect of OMMT was better.展开更多
All-solid-state batteries potentially exhibit high specific energy and high safety,which is one of the development directions for nextgeneration lithium-ion batteries.The compatibility of all-solid composite electrode...All-solid-state batteries potentially exhibit high specific energy and high safety,which is one of the development directions for nextgeneration lithium-ion batteries.The compatibility of all-solid composite electrodes with high-nickel layered cathodes and inorganic solid electrolytes is one of the important problems to be solved.In addition,the interface and mechanical problems of high-nickel layered cathodes and inorganic solid electrolyte composite electrodes have not been thoroughly addressed.In this paper,the possible interface and mechanical problems in the preparation of high-nickel layered cathodes and inorganic solid electrolytes and their interface reaction during charge–discharge and cycling are reviewed.The mechanical contact problems from phenomena to internal causes are also analyzed.Uniform contact between the high-nickel cathode and solid electrolyte in space and the ionic conductivity of the solid electrolyte are the prerequisites for the good performance of a high-nickel layered cathode.The interface reaction and contact loss between the high-nickel layered cathode and solid electrolyte in the composite electrode directly affect the passage of ions and electrons into the active material.The buffer layer constructed on the high-nickel cathode surface can prevent direct contact between the active material and electrolyte and slow down their interface reaction.An appropriate protective layer can also slow down the interface contact loss by reducing the volume change of the high-nickel layered cathode during charge and discharge.Finally,the following recommendations are put forward to realize the development vision of high-nickel layered cathodes:(1)develop electrochemical systems for high-nickel layered cathodes and inorganic solid electrolytes;(2)elucidate the basic science of interface and electrode processes between high-nickel layered cathodes and inorganic solid electrolytes,clarify the mechanisms of the interfacial chemical and electrochemical reactions between the two materials,and address the intrinsic safety issues;(3)strengthen the development of research and engineering technologies and their preparation methods for composite electrodes with high-nickel layered cathodes and solid electrolytes and promote the industrialization of all-solid-state batteries.展开更多
Layered organic-inorganic hybrids（CnH2n＋1NH3）2（CH3NH3）m-1PbmI3m＋1 containing monolayer（m=1） and bilayer（m=2） perovsikte were synthesized by reactions in solution.The influences of the reactant ratio,solvent,...Layered organic-inorganic hybrids（CnH2n＋1NH3）2（CH3NH3）m-1PbmI3m＋1 containing monolayer（m=1） and bilayer（m=2） perovsikte were synthesized by reactions in solution.The influences of the reactant ratio,solvent,reaction temperature,and reaction time on the structures of the products were investigated.The structures and the properties of the hybrids were characterized using X-ray diffraction（XRD）,scanning electron microscopy（SEM）,and ultraviolet and visible（UV） absorption spectroscopy.The XRD patterns and the SEM images demonstrate that the pure bilayer perovskite hybrids are obtained.The UV-vis spectra indicate that the number of the inorganic perovskite layer（m） has greater impact on the band gap than the number of the carbon atoms（n）.The band gap of bilayer hybrids（around 1.9 eV） is significantly less than that of monolayer hybrids（around 2.2 eV）.展开更多
Layered organic-inorganic hybrids containing bilayer perovsikte （R-NH3）2（CH3NH3）Pb2I7 （where R=C12H25,C6H5C2H4） were synthesized by reactions in solution. The influences of the solvents and the reactant ratio on...Layered organic-inorganic hybrids containing bilayer perovsikte （R-NH3）2（CH3NH3）Pb2I7 （where R=C12H25,C6H5C2H4） were synthesized by reactions in solution. The influences of the solvents and the reactant ratio on the structures of the products were investigated. The structures and the properties of the hybrids were characterized using X-ray diffraction （XRD） and ultraviolet and visible （UV） adsorption spectra. For comparing with the bilayer perovskite hybrids in structure and band gap magnitude, the hybrids containing monolayer perovskite （R-NH3）2PbI4 were also synthesized and characterized. The results demonstrate that the thickness of inorganic layer has obvious effect on the tunneling magnitude of the band gap but the organic part can be micro actuator of band gap.展开更多
For the further improvement of the power conversion efficiency(PCE)and stability of perovskite solar cells(PSCs),the buried interface between the perovskite and the electron transport layer is crucial.However,it is ch...For the further improvement of the power conversion efficiency(PCE)and stability of perovskite solar cells(PSCs),the buried interface between the perovskite and the electron transport layer is crucial.However,it is challenging to effectively optimize this interface as it is buried beneath the perovskite film.Herein,we have designed and synthesized a series of multifunctional organic-inorganic(OI)complexes as buried interfacial material to promote electron extraction,as well as the crystal growth of the perovskite.The OI complex with BF4−group not only eliminates oxygen vacancies on the SnO_(2) surface but also balances energy level alignment between SnO_(2) and perovskite,providing a favorable environment for charge carrier extraction.Moreover,OI complex with amine(−NH_(2))functional group can regulate the crystallization of the perovskite film via interaction with PbI2,resulting in highly crystallized perovskite film with large grains and low defect density.Consequently,with rational molecular design,the PSCs with optimal OI complex buried interface layer which contains both BF4−and−NH_(2) functional groups yield a champion device efficiency of 23.69%.More importantly,the resulting unencapsulated device performs excellent ambient stability,maintaining over 90%of its initial efficiency after 2000 h storage,and excellent light stability of 91.5%remaining PCE in the maximum power point tracking measurement(under continuous 100 mW cm−2 light illumination in N2 atmosphere)after 500 h.展开更多
A three-dimensional（3D） barium complex with 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid（H3BTC）, {[Ba1.5（BTC）（H2O）]·（H2O）}n（1）, was synthesized in DMF/EtOH/H2O mixed solution under solvothermal conditions, and cha...A three-dimensional（3D） barium complex with 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid（H3BTC）, {[Ba1.5（BTC）（H2O）]·（H2O）}n（1）, was synthesized in DMF/EtOH/H2O mixed solution under solvothermal conditions, and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, elemental analyses, IR spectra, thermogravimetric analyses, and photoluminescence measurement. In complex 1, the 2D I2O0 type inorganic layer is constructed by {Ba1O10} and {Ba2O9} polyhedra. Moreover, the solid-state fluorescence measurement reveals a fluorescence emission band at 465 nm under 344 nm excitation, assigned to a charge-transfer transition.展开更多
Up to now,the maximum power conversion efficiency of organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells(PSCs)has reached 25.2%,however,stability is a key issue for commercialization.Cesium-based inorganic perovskite has...Up to now,the maximum power conversion efficiency of organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells(PSCs)has reached 25.2%,however,stability is a key issue for commercialization.Cesium-based inorganic perovskite has great potential for improving the stability of the device.However,compared to organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite PSCs,open-circuit voltage loss is still the main reason for the low power conversion efficiency of inorganic PSCs,which is closely related to charge recombination at interface of the device or in the bulk of perovskite layer.展开更多
In order to take advantage of organic and inorganic materials,we chose the polymer MEH-PPV as the luminous layer and ZnS as the electron transporting layer to prepare hybrid organic-inorganic light-emitting diodes(HOI...In order to take advantage of organic and inorganic materials,we chose the polymer MEH-PPV as the luminous layer and ZnS as the electron transporting layer to prepare hybrid organic-inorganic light-emitting diodes(HOILEDs):ITO/MEH-PPV(~70 nm)/ZnS(20 nm)/Al by thermal evaporation and spin coating.Compared with the single-layer device ITO/MEH-PPV(~70 nm)/Al,spectral broadening and a slightly red shift are observed.Compared with the pure organic device ITO/MEH-PPV(~70 nm)/BCP(20 nm)/Al and combined with the energy level structure diagram,it is concluded that the spectral broadening and red shift are due to the exciplex luminescence at the interface between MEH-PPV and ZnS or BCP.In addition,the hybrid inorganic-organic device shows a lower turn-on voltage,but the current efficiency is lower than that of the pure organic device with the same structure.展开更多
Layered hydroxide metal acetate Co2（OH）3（CH3COO）·H2O with an interlayer spacing of 1.282 nm has been synthesized by a novel method which is employed in ethanol-aqueous mixed solvents media. Experiment results...Layered hydroxide metal acetate Co2（OH）3（CH3COO）·H2O with an interlayer spacing of 1.282 nm has been synthesized by a novel method which is employed in ethanol-aqueous mixed solvents media. Experiment results show that the purity of the product by the modified method is higher compared with that by the previous methods. A complete characterization of the as-prepared samples was performed by means of X-ray powder diffraction, IR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, as well as magnetic measurement. The facile and effective approach for the preparation of this compound in this study is very interesting and important because it has wide application in the field of anionic exchange reaction for the synthesis of hybrid organic-inorganic compounds.展开更多
Coper thiocyanate(CuSCN)is generally considered as a very hopeful inorganic hole transport material(HTM)in semitransparent perovskite solar cells(ST-PSCs)because of its low parasitic absorption,high inherent stability...Coper thiocyanate(CuSCN)is generally considered as a very hopeful inorganic hole transport material(HTM)in semitransparent perovskite solar cells(ST-PSCs)because of its low parasitic absorption,high inherent stability,and low cost.However,the poor electrical conductivity and low work function of CuSCN lead to the insufficient hole extraction and large open-circuit voltage loss.Here,2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane(F4TCNQ)is employed to improve conductivity of CuSCN and band alignment at the CuSCN/perovskite(PVK)interface.As a result,the average power conversion efficiency(PCE)of PSCs is boosted by≈11%.In addition,benefiting from the superior transparency of p-type CuSCN HTMs,the prepared bifacial semitransparent n-i-p planar PSCs demonstrate a maximum efficiency of 14.8%and 12.5%by the illumination from the front side and back side,respectively.We believe that this developed CuSCN-based ST-PSCs will promote practical applications in building integrated photovoltaics and tandem solar cells.展开更多
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have achieved significant progress in the past decade and a certified power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 26.0% has been achieved.The widely used organic hole transport materials (HTMs) ...Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have achieved significant progress in the past decade and a certified power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 26.0% has been achieved.The widely used organic hole transport materials (HTMs) in PSCs are typically sensitive to the moisture environment and continuous light exposure.In contrast,the inorganic HTMs benefiting from their outstanding merits,such as excellent environmental stability,are considered as alternatives and have attracted much attention in PSCs.In this review,we provide a comprehensive summary of the fundamental properties and recent progress of inorganic HTMs in n-i-p and p-i-n structured PSCs.Additionally,we emphasize the importance of inorganic HTMs in the development of highly efficient and stable PSCs.展开更多
基金supported by the 2010 WHUT Ph.D.Candidate Intermational Academic Communication Preresearch Project(Pact No.2010-JL-02)
文摘Thermal oxidative and aging as an inevitable process in the practical application of road asphalt has great effect on the properties of asphalt. In this paper,the influences of short-term thermal oxidative ageing and ultraviolet radiation(UV) aging on the dynamic viscosity,penetration,softening point and rheological properties of two kinds of layered inorganic nano-powder including organo-modified montmorillonite (OMMT) and nanometer brucite (Mg(OH)2) modified asphalts were studied respectively. The rheological properties of these binders have been determined using a dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) through temperatures sweep tests.The rheological and physical analysis showed the two major influences of ageing on the properties for two kinds of layered inorganic nano-powder modified bitumens. On one hand,ageing decreased the viscous behaviors of modified binders,on the other hand,ageing improved the elastic behaviors of modified binders. The performances of binders after aging depended on the combined effect between the modifier and the bitumen. Both the two modifiers resisted the aging of bitumens and the effect of OMMT was better.
文摘All-solid-state batteries potentially exhibit high specific energy and high safety,which is one of the development directions for nextgeneration lithium-ion batteries.The compatibility of all-solid composite electrodes with high-nickel layered cathodes and inorganic solid electrolytes is one of the important problems to be solved.In addition,the interface and mechanical problems of high-nickel layered cathodes and inorganic solid electrolyte composite electrodes have not been thoroughly addressed.In this paper,the possible interface and mechanical problems in the preparation of high-nickel layered cathodes and inorganic solid electrolytes and their interface reaction during charge–discharge and cycling are reviewed.The mechanical contact problems from phenomena to internal causes are also analyzed.Uniform contact between the high-nickel cathode and solid electrolyte in space and the ionic conductivity of the solid electrolyte are the prerequisites for the good performance of a high-nickel layered cathode.The interface reaction and contact loss between the high-nickel layered cathode and solid electrolyte in the composite electrode directly affect the passage of ions and electrons into the active material.The buffer layer constructed on the high-nickel cathode surface can prevent direct contact between the active material and electrolyte and slow down their interface reaction.An appropriate protective layer can also slow down the interface contact loss by reducing the volume change of the high-nickel layered cathode during charge and discharge.Finally,the following recommendations are put forward to realize the development vision of high-nickel layered cathodes:(1)develop electrochemical systems for high-nickel layered cathodes and inorganic solid electrolytes;(2)elucidate the basic science of interface and electrode processes between high-nickel layered cathodes and inorganic solid electrolytes,clarify the mechanisms of the interfacial chemical and electrochemical reactions between the two materials,and address the intrinsic safety issues;(3)strengthen the development of research and engineering technologies and their preparation methods for composite electrodes with high-nickel layered cathodes and solid electrolytes and promote the industrialization of all-solid-state batteries.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51372187)
文摘Layered organic-inorganic hybrids（CnH2n＋1NH3）2（CH3NH3）m-1PbmI3m＋1 containing monolayer（m=1） and bilayer（m=2） perovsikte were synthesized by reactions in solution.The influences of the reactant ratio,solvent,reaction temperature,and reaction time on the structures of the products were investigated.The structures and the properties of the hybrids were characterized using X-ray diffraction（XRD）,scanning electron microscopy（SEM）,and ultraviolet and visible（UV） absorption spectroscopy.The XRD patterns and the SEM images demonstrate that the pure bilayer perovskite hybrids are obtained.The UV-vis spectra indicate that the number of the inorganic perovskite layer（m） has greater impact on the band gap than the number of the carbon atoms（n）.The band gap of bilayer hybrids（around 1.9 eV） is significantly less than that of monolayer hybrids（around 2.2 eV）.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.50972113)
文摘Layered organic-inorganic hybrids containing bilayer perovsikte （R-NH3）2（CH3NH3）Pb2I7 （where R=C12H25,C6H5C2H4） were synthesized by reactions in solution. The influences of the solvents and the reactant ratio on the structures of the products were investigated. The structures and the properties of the hybrids were characterized using X-ray diffraction （XRD） and ultraviolet and visible （UV） adsorption spectra. For comparing with the bilayer perovskite hybrids in structure and band gap magnitude, the hybrids containing monolayer perovskite （R-NH3）2PbI4 were also synthesized and characterized. The results demonstrate that the thickness of inorganic layer has obvious effect on the tunneling magnitude of the band gap but the organic part can be micro actuator of band gap.
基金The authors acknowledge the financial support from the Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21931002 and 22101123)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFB0704100)+4 种基金the Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Committee(no.JCYJ20200109140812302)the Leading talents of Guangdong province program(2016LJ06N507)the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Materials for Electric Power(no.2018B030322001)the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis(no.2020B121201002)Outstanding Talents Training Fund in Shenzhen.
文摘For the further improvement of the power conversion efficiency(PCE)and stability of perovskite solar cells(PSCs),the buried interface between the perovskite and the electron transport layer is crucial.However,it is challenging to effectively optimize this interface as it is buried beneath the perovskite film.Herein,we have designed and synthesized a series of multifunctional organic-inorganic(OI)complexes as buried interfacial material to promote electron extraction,as well as the crystal growth of the perovskite.The OI complex with BF4−group not only eliminates oxygen vacancies on the SnO_(2) surface but also balances energy level alignment between SnO_(2) and perovskite,providing a favorable environment for charge carrier extraction.Moreover,OI complex with amine(−NH_(2))functional group can regulate the crystallization of the perovskite film via interaction with PbI2,resulting in highly crystallized perovskite film with large grains and low defect density.Consequently,with rational molecular design,the PSCs with optimal OI complex buried interface layer which contains both BF4−and−NH_(2) functional groups yield a champion device efficiency of 23.69%.More importantly,the resulting unencapsulated device performs excellent ambient stability,maintaining over 90%of its initial efficiency after 2000 h storage,and excellent light stability of 91.5%remaining PCE in the maximum power point tracking measurement(under continuous 100 mW cm−2 light illumination in N2 atmosphere)after 500 h.
基金Supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(13CX02006A,14CX02158A)the scientific research foundation of Shandong province Outstanding Young Scientist Award(BS2011CL041)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2010BL011)
文摘A three-dimensional（3D） barium complex with 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid（H3BTC）, {[Ba1.5（BTC）（H2O）]·（H2O）}n（1）, was synthesized in DMF/EtOH/H2O mixed solution under solvothermal conditions, and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, elemental analyses, IR spectra, thermogravimetric analyses, and photoluminescence measurement. In complex 1, the 2D I2O0 type inorganic layer is constructed by {Ba1O10} and {Ba2O9} polyhedra. Moreover, the solid-state fluorescence measurement reveals a fluorescence emission band at 465 nm under 344 nm excitation, assigned to a charge-transfer transition.
文摘Up to now,the maximum power conversion efficiency of organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells(PSCs)has reached 25.2%,however,stability is a key issue for commercialization.Cesium-based inorganic perovskite has great potential for improving the stability of the device.However,compared to organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite PSCs,open-circuit voltage loss is still the main reason for the low power conversion efficiency of inorganic PSCs,which is closely related to charge recombination at interface of the device or in the bulk of perovskite layer.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 10974013 and 60978060the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China under Grant No 20090009110027+6 种基金Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation under Grant No 1102028the National Natural Science Foundation of China for Distinguished Young Scholar(No 60825407)Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission under Grant No Z090803044009001the National Basic Research Program of China under Grant No 2010CB327704the New Century Excellent Talents in University under Grant No NCET-10-0220the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant No 2012JBZ001the Science and Technology Innovation Fund for Outstanding PhD Students of Beijing Jiaotong University(No 48034).
文摘In order to take advantage of organic and inorganic materials,we chose the polymer MEH-PPV as the luminous layer and ZnS as the electron transporting layer to prepare hybrid organic-inorganic light-emitting diodes(HOILEDs):ITO/MEH-PPV(~70 nm)/ZnS(20 nm)/Al by thermal evaporation and spin coating.Compared with the single-layer device ITO/MEH-PPV(~70 nm)/Al,spectral broadening and a slightly red shift are observed.Compared with the pure organic device ITO/MEH-PPV(~70 nm)/BCP(20 nm)/Al and combined with the energy level structure diagram,it is concluded that the spectral broadening and red shift are due to the exciplex luminescence at the interface between MEH-PPV and ZnS or BCP.In addition,the hybrid inorganic-organic device shows a lower turn-on voltage,but the current efficiency is lower than that of the pure organic device with the same structure.
基金Supported by the President Fund of Xi'an Technological University,China(No.XAGDXJJ1009)
文摘Layered hydroxide metal acetate Co2（OH）3（CH3COO）·H2O with an interlayer spacing of 1.282 nm has been synthesized by a novel method which is employed in ethanol-aqueous mixed solvents media. Experiment results show that the purity of the product by the modified method is higher compared with that by the previous methods. A complete characterization of the as-prepared samples was performed by means of X-ray powder diffraction, IR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, as well as magnetic measurement. The facile and effective approach for the preparation of this compound in this study is very interesting and important because it has wide application in the field of anionic exchange reaction for the synthesis of hybrid organic-inorganic compounds.
基金Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2018YFB1500103)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61674084)+1 种基金the Overseas Expertise Introduction Project for Discipline Innovation of Higher Education of China(Grant No.B16027)the Science and Technology Project of Tianjin,China(Grant No.18ZXJMTG00220).
文摘Coper thiocyanate(CuSCN)is generally considered as a very hopeful inorganic hole transport material(HTM)in semitransparent perovskite solar cells(ST-PSCs)because of its low parasitic absorption,high inherent stability,and low cost.However,the poor electrical conductivity and low work function of CuSCN lead to the insufficient hole extraction and large open-circuit voltage loss.Here,2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane(F4TCNQ)is employed to improve conductivity of CuSCN and band alignment at the CuSCN/perovskite(PVK)interface.As a result,the average power conversion efficiency(PCE)of PSCs is boosted by≈11%.In addition,benefiting from the superior transparency of p-type CuSCN HTMs,the prepared bifacial semitransparent n-i-p planar PSCs demonstrate a maximum efficiency of 14.8%and 12.5%by the illumination from the front side and back side,respectively.We believe that this developed CuSCN-based ST-PSCs will promote practical applications in building integrated photovoltaics and tandem solar cells.
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants No.52273182)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2019YFA0705900).
文摘Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have achieved significant progress in the past decade and a certified power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 26.0% has been achieved.The widely used organic hole transport materials (HTMs) in PSCs are typically sensitive to the moisture environment and continuous light exposure.In contrast,the inorganic HTMs benefiting from their outstanding merits,such as excellent environmental stability,are considered as alternatives and have attracted much attention in PSCs.In this review,we provide a comprehensive summary of the fundamental properties and recent progress of inorganic HTMs in n-i-p and p-i-n structured PSCs.Additionally,we emphasize the importance of inorganic HTMs in the development of highly efficient and stable PSCs.
