“Structure-Lithologic-Fluid” Metallogenic Coupling of the Wuzhishan Lead-Zinc Deposit in Puding, Guizhou Province

1 Introduction The Wuzhishan lead-zinc ore-concentrated area in Puding is located in the east of the Sichuan,Guizhou and Yunnan lead-zinc metallogenic domain,with the Youjiang-Nanpan River metallogenic province to the

Metallogenic Prediction of the Peripheral Areas of the Xiyi Concealed Lead-Zinc Deposit in Baoshan City, Yunnan Province

The newly-discovered Xiyi lead-zinc deposit is a large deposit located in the north central Baoshan block of the southern Sanjiang metallogenic belt section, Southwest China.The surface of the deposit is mainly covered by eluvial-deluvial lateritic layer, without any mineralized outcrops. The main concealed orebody V3 is buffed in the depth of 300-500m. The orebodies are controlled by certain stratigraphic horizons, and most are cut by strata with a high angle, while a few occur along the strata. The direct wall rocks are calcisiltite, calclithite, bioclastic calcarenite,

Metallogeny of the Baiyangping Lead-Zinc Polymetallic Ore Concentration Area, Northern Lanping Basin of Yunnan Province, China

The Lanping Basin in the Nujiang-Lancangjiang-Jinshajiang （the Sanjiang） area of northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau is an important part of eastern Tethyan metallogenic domain. This basin hosts a number of large unique sediment-hosted Pb-Zn polymetallic deposits or ore districts, such as the Baiyangping ore concentration area which is one of the representative ore district. The Baiyangping ore concentration area can be divided into the east and west ore belts, which were formed in a folded tectogene of the India-Asia continental coUisional setting and was controlled by a large reverse fault. Field observations reveal that the Mesozoic and Cenozoic sedimentary strata were outcropped in the mining area, and that the orebodies are obviously controlled by faults and hosted in sandstone and carbonate rocks. However, the oreforming elements in the east ore belt are mainly Pb-Zn -Sr-Ag, while Pb-Zn-Ag-Cu-Co elements are dominant in the west ore belt. Comparative analysis of the C-O-Sr-S-Pb isotopic compositions suggest that both ore belts had a homogeneous carbon source, and the carbon in hydrothermal calcite is derived from the dissolution of carbonate rock strata; the ore- forming fluids were originated from formation water and precipitate water, which belonged to basin brine fluid system; sulfur was from organic thermal chemical sulfate reduction and biological sulfate reduction; the metal mineralization material was from sedimentary strata and basement, but the difference of the material source of the basement and the strata and the superimposed mineralization of the west ore belt resulted in the difference of metallogenic elements between the eastern and western metallogenic belts. The Pb-Zn mineralization age of both ore belts was contemporary and formed in the same metaliogenetic event. Both thrust formed at the same time and occurred at the Early Oligocene, which is consistent with the age constrained by field geological relationship.

Deep gold mineralization features of Jiaojia metallogenic belt,Jiaodong gold Province:Based on the breakthrough of 3000 m exploration drilling

Recently,continuous breakthroughs have been made about deep gold prospecting in the Jiaodong gold province area of China.Approximately 5000 t of cumulative gold resources have been explored in Jiaodong,which has thus become an internationally noteworthy gold ore cluster.The gold exploration depth has been increased to about 2000 m from the previous<1000 m.To further explore the mineralization potential of the Jiaodong area at a depth of about 3000 m,the Shandong Institute of Geological Sciences has drilled an exploratory drillhole named“Deep drillhole ZK01”to a depth of 3266 m.Hence,as reported herein,the mineralization characteristics of the Jiaojia metallogenic belt have been successfully documented.ZK01 is,to date,the deepest borehole with an gold intersect in China,and constitutes a significant advance in deep gold prospecting in China.The findings of this study further indicate that the depth interval of 2000 m to 4000 m below the ground surface in the Wuyi Village area incorporates 912 t of inferred gold resources,while the depth interval of 2000 m to 4000 m below the surface across the Jiaodong area possesses about 4000 t of inferred gold resources.The Jiaojia Fault Belt tends to gently dip downward,having dip angles of about 25°and about 20°at vertical depths of 2000 m and 2850 m,respectively.The deep part of the Jiaojia metallogenic belt differs from the shallow and moderately deep parts about fracturing,alteration,mineralization,and tectonic type.The deep zones can generally be categorized from inside outward as cataclastic granite,granitic cataclasite,weakly beresitized granitic cataclasite,beresitized cataclasite,and gouge.These zones exhibit a gradual transitional relation or occur alternately and repeatedly.The mineralization degree of the pyritized cataclastic granite-type ore in the deep part of the Jiaojia metallogenic belt is closely related to the degree of pyrite vein development;that is,the higher the pyrite content,the wider the veins and the higher the gold grade.Compared to the shallow gold ores,the deep-seated gold ores have higher fineness and contain joseite,tetradymite,and native bismuth,suggesting that the deep gold mineralization temperature is higher and that mantle-sourced material may have contributed to this mineralization.ZK01 has also revealed that the deep-seated ore bodies in the Jiaojia metallogenic belt are principally situated above the main fracture plane(gouge)and hosted within the Linglong Granite,contradicting previous findings indicating that the moderately shallow gold ore bodies are usually hosted in the contact zone between the Linglong Granite and Jiaodong Group or meta-gabbro.These new discoveries are particularly significant because they can help correct mineralization prospecting models,determine favorable positions for deep prospecting,and improve metallogenic prediction and resource potential evaluation.

Multi-Order and Multi-Center Metallogenic Zoning of Yinshan Cu-Au Polymetallic Ore Deposit,Jiangxi Province,China

Yinshan anticline is the product of tectono-dynamic deformation - metamorphism .Along the axis of the anticline exists a brittle-ductile shearing zone which obviously controls the ore-formation . Mineralization occurs along the axis of the anticline in a width of about 1000m .In the mining area .volcano- subvolcanic rocks of Early Yanshan period are divided into three cycles :Ⅰ intermediate acidic dacite lava and dacite porphyry ;Ⅱ acidic amphibole liparite and quartz porphyry;Ⅲ intermediate andesite porphyrite . Among them activities of ⅠandⅡ cycles are more intensive and are intimately related to the mineralization . Yinshan ore deposit is the result of combinative processes of tectono -dynamic and volcano -magmatic hydrothermal fluids, so that mere are two centers of metallogenic zoning, one being the axial strain zone of Yinshan anticline which is the center of first order, and the other being porphyry stock , 2nd order.

The Dynamic Mechanisms for the Formation of Primary Metal Zoning of Cassiterite-Sulfide Deposits in the Gejiu Metallogenic Province, Yunnan

Copper and tin in cassiterite-sulfide deposits of the Gejiu metallogenic province are intimately associatedand show peculiar primary metal zoning. The authors made use of computer techniques to simulatenumerically the zoning of these ore deposits. The study shows that the regular spatial zoning probably resultedfrom the succession of multiple, intermittent and pulsatory mineralizations, The successive transports with di-verse velocities along channelways of the ore-forming solutions, taking place under conditions of definite dif-ference between metal concentrations, in solutions and wallrocks, followed by differential deposition, consti-tute possible dynamic mechanisms for the primary metal zoning.

Metallogenic Processes:Evidencesfrom Zoning Patterns of Mineralization and alteration and fluid inclusion geochemistryin the Lehong Zn-Pb Deposit in Northeastern Yunnan, China

1 Introduction The large clusters of Zn-Pb deposits in northeastern Yunnan,located in the southwestern margin of the Yangtze Block,are an important part of the Sichuan-YunnanGuizhou Pb-Zn Poly-metallic Metallogenic Triangle Area

黔北—滇东二叠纪锰矿主要成矿规律与成矿区带划分

这是一篇地球科学领域的论文。锰矿为我国十分紧缺的战略矿产之一。黔北-滇东地区是我国二叠纪锰矿最典型的分布区,在全球晚古生代也较为少见,该区锰矿资源丰富,找矿潜力巨大,称为“遵义式锰矿”。研究表明,该区锰矿产于二叠纪茅口晚期,分布严格受黔北裂谷盆地控制,锰矿在地堑盆地中心喷溢沉积成矿,在地垒区则无锰矿分布,矿体空间展布方向与盆地展布方向基本一致。其中,黔北遵义-黔西地区锰矿在空间上分布于盆地相区,并可分为中心相、过渡相、边缘相等三个锰矿相带,进一步指示了锰矿具体成矿位置,显示了锰矿受盆地中心控制非常明显的特点。在划分的遵义-宣威锰矿成矿带的基础上,详细划分出遵义-黔西锰矿成矿亚带中深溪—八里、龙坪—兴隆、团溪—尚稽、黔西4个锰矿矿集区,以及水城-宣威锰矿成矿亚带中水城—纳雍、格学2个锰矿矿集区。该研究成果对寻找黔北—滇东二叠纪隐伏锰矿床,开展成矿预测,具有重要的意义。

中亚成矿域西部早二叠世金、镍重大成矿事件

晚古生代是地球历史上一个重要时期,蕴含着潘吉亚超大陆、规模最大冰期、最严重的生物大灭绝以及巨量矿产资源形成的关键信息。地处欧亚大陆腹地的中亚成矿域是全球最大的显生宙大陆增生区,以晚古生代大规模成矿为显著特色,尤其早二叠世(270~290 Ma)在中亚成矿域西部天山及邻区巨量金、镍爆发性集中成矿作用,造就出世界第二大金成矿省,形成了超过10000 t金,造就出具有世界特色的造山带岩浆型镍矿集区,形成了包括8个大型-超大型矿床在内的东天山、额尔齐斯、北山3个重要镍矿床集中区,镍资源达250万t,是一次全球罕见的金-镍时间耦合重大成矿事件。文章基于最新研究成果,系统论述了中亚成矿域西部早二叠世金、镍大规模成矿的时空分布和基本地质特征,探讨了该重大成矿事件的区域动力学背景和可能成矿机制。研究认为,早二叠世金矿床产于天山古缝合带附近的脆/韧性构造变形带,构成独具特色的大陆变形带金成矿系统,已有成矿理论难以涵盖,含碳碎屑岩系、地块抬升导致的大规模区域变质作用、多来源的流体作用、多期构造活化富集、多种因素耦合叠加等,可能是大规模金成矿的关键条件;早二叠世镍矿床沿天山、北山、阿尔泰地区深大断裂附近的镁铁-超镁铁质岩体线性展布,是全球造山带镍成矿作用最强烈、发现矿床数量最多的地区,俯冲熔/流体的交代岩石圈地幔/软流圈发生高程度部分熔融、区域超壳深断裂为玄武质岩浆提供快速运移的通道、壳源物质加入触发硫化物熔离、硫化物与多幕脉动侵位的岩浆反应是造山带岩浆型镍大规模成矿的关键。整体上,中亚成矿域西部早二叠世金、镍重大成矿事件表现为“时间耦合、西金东镍”的时空格局,但大规模成矿的全球和区域动力学背景、金与镍富集机制及成矿响应机理还是未解之谜。

江西会昌锡坑迳斑岩型锡矿床成矿系统发育特征与找矿模型

锡坑迳矿田位于南岭成矿带东段与武夷山成矿带交会部位,以早白垩世连续的岩浆喷发-侵入活动与多类型锡多金属成矿作用为特色。矿田内围绕似斑状花岗岩和花岗斑岩发育了岩背斑岩型、淘锡坝和矿背隐爆层间裂隙带型、苦竹岽和凤凰岽云英岩-破碎带蚀变岩型等大中型锡矿床。这些矿床的矿化-蚀变特征可与玻利维亚锡矿带、银岩、维拉斯托和洋滨等国内外斑岩型锡矿床类比,又独具特色,是研究斑岩型锡成矿系统发育特征与找矿模型的理想区域。文章在详细的野外地质调查基础上,系统总结了锡坑迳矿田内各类锡多金属矿化组合特征和蚀变结构,并对岩背矿床和淘锡坝矿床锡石开展了电子探针和LA-ICP-MS原位微区分析。研究结果显示,所有锡石样品均具有La、Pr、Gd和Tb的正异常、Ce与Eu的负异常、明显的Zr/Hf分馏和不规则的稀土元素配分模式,指示成矿热液早期阶段及锡石沉淀阶段经历了流体不相容。岩背锡石较淘锡坝锡石具有高的Ti/Zr和Ti/Sc比值,指示其更为靠近矿化中心。笔者研究认为,锡坑迳斑岩型锡成矿系统矿化类型包括细脉状、浸染状和细网脉状,围岩蚀变由早到晚、由成矿中心向外依次发育黄玉石英带、绿泥石-黄玉石英岩化带、绿泥石-绢云母化带和黏土化-碳酸盐化带。与斑岩型铜钼成矿系统相比,其成矿岩浆岩不仅有花岗斑岩,还有似斑状黑云母花岗岩,矿体在斑岩、花岗岩及上覆火山岩中均有赋存。相较于玻利维亚斑岩型锡成矿带发育的大面积石英-电气石化,锡坑迳斑岩成矿系统更富F,蚀变矿物中出现了大量黄玉、萤石和白云母等。对比国内外典型锡矿床的矿化-蚀变结构和锡石矿物学特征,文章建立了锡坑迳式斑岩型锡成矿系统的找矿模型。

福建吉花金银矿床地质特征及含矿蚀变带元素迁移对区域成矿的启示

吉花金银矿床为中型浅成中低温热液型矿床,共圈定36个金银矿体,均赋存于北东向断裂蚀变带中。银物相分析表明,银以硫化物银、自然银为主,银、金总体上同体共生,且二者品位具有正相关性。主成矿阶段矿物组合以石英-黄铁矿-黄铜矿-金-辉银矿为特征。沿矿体横向(侧向)划分为4个蚀变分带。为了厘定热液蚀变过程中的物质迁移,对蚀变碎裂岩采用标准化Isocon图解法计算物质迁移特征,结果表明,蚀变过程中Fe、Si、Mg、Ti、Cu、As、Mo、Co、Cr、La、Li、Ni、V呈迁入特征;Na、Ca、Ba、Sr、Nb呈迁出特征,其中Ca、Ba、Sr的迁出表明成矿热液具有富硅、去钙化的特征。通过类比区域内邱村金矿床、东洋金矿床、大冬坑金矿床,四者均为闽中金银成矿系统形成的矿床系列,可能是在古太平洋板块俯冲、后撤动力背景下,含矿流体沿火山机构及酸性岩脉通道运移至到浅部断裂中沉淀成矿的区域成矿模式。该成果可为区域内寻找金银矿提供思路。

安徽脉石英矿地质特征及成矿规律探讨

安徽省内脉石英矿床类型主要为岩浆热液型和变质热液型。断裂构造与脉石英矿的形成关系密切,为矿体形成提供了良好的运移通道和成矿空间,富含硅的岩浆热液、变质热液沿构造裂隙运移并充填其中,形成脉石英矿。本文初步探讨了安徽省内脉石英矿地质特征及成因类型,总结了成矿规律。根据分布空间位置,结合省内成矿区带划分方案,初步将安徽脉石英矿划分为3个成矿区:青阳—休宁成矿区(Ⅰ区)、大别山东段成矿区(Ⅱ区)、蚌埠—五河成矿区(Ⅲ区),为今后安徽脉石英找矿勘查部署提供了参考。

滇北余家村金银多金属矿床成矿条件及模式研究

云南省宁蒗县余家村矿区地处三江成矿带东缘、宁蒗-祥云铜钼成矿带北段,矿区地质构造复杂,岩浆活动强烈,具有较好的成矿远景。然而,矿区探采工作受到一定困扰,地质找矿仍未取得突破。究其原因,主要为对矿区的成矿条件和控矿规律认识不足。为此,本文根据近年来矿区地质勘探资料,系统性地总结了矿区金银多金属矿化带的地质特征,并从地层、构造、岩浆岩以及围岩蚀变等方面剖析其成矿条件和规律,最终提炼出矿区的金银多金属矿化带(M1)的成矿模式,以期为该地区地质找矿提供理论基础和技术支撑。

短周期密集台阵接收函数成像方法揭示南岭中部丹霞盆地及邻区三维地壳结构

华南陆块自早新元古代扬子与华夏地块完成拼贴以来,经历了显生宙多期陆内造山事件,其岩石圈结构与动力学演化一直是地球科学研究的热点问题.近年来,在华南地区完成的一系列地球物理探测使我们对于该地区的深部结构有了更清楚的认识.然而,目前在华南陆块开展的大多数地震学研究主要依赖于固定台及部分流动台阵数据,受限于稀疏的地震台站的分布,研究获取的地壳模型仍然存在分辨率不足的问题,这制约了我们对于区域断裂构造及深部过程的理解.本研究基于在粤北丹霞盆地及其邻区布设的短周期密集台阵,采用接收函数共转换点叠加成像方法,同时分析了不同频率的接收函数结果,获取了研究区高分辨率的地壳及盆地结构模型.研究发现该地区具有较浅的莫霍面,约28~31 km,平均地壳厚度29 km,揭示其经历了强烈的伸展减薄作用.合成数据测试结果表明复杂的三维地壳结构,如地表低速沉积层,对利用接收函数研究莫霍面起伏具有不可忽略的影响.此外,通过对比合成数据与实际观测高频接收函数中的沉积层Ps转换波及多次波震相,我们发现地表低速沉积层厚度为3 km的模型最能拟合实际观测,这一结果也得到了背景噪声成像以及相关的地质调查结果的印证.我们的研究为利用短周期密集台阵方法探测小尺度沉积盆地结构提供了一个案例.

铜铁多金属矿床成矿规律分析

以某金属矿区为例,对其地质构造背景进行研究,发现其具有频繁的岩浆侵入等剧烈活动,基于强烈的构造运动,造成了发育较为明显的裂隙结构,进而形成了相应的铜、铁多金属矿区。随后对该矿区中的矿床成因进行分析,其属于酸性火山岩以及碳酸盐接触结构,受到岩浆热液的影响,促使金属矿产在碳酸盐类岩石附近形成矿体。进而对该金属矿区进行总结,其作为典型的铜、铁多金属矿区,具有显著的火山成因特征,且金属分带特征明显。

海南省昌江县土外山金矿床矿体赋存规律及找矿方向

土外山金矿床经历了近20年的开采,保有储量显著减少,亟须探矿增储。通过对区域成矿背景、矿区及矿床地质特征的分析,区域上的北东向戈枕断裂对金矿床分布具有控制作用,土外山金矿床由西向东划分了4个矿带。矿体受戈枕断裂上盘次级断裂控制。由西向东矿体间的无矿间距一般10~50 m,单一矿体走向无矿间距40~80 m。矿体被多组北东向断裂联合控制,呈现菱形网格状分布特征,且反映了断裂交会处赋矿的特点。根据已圈定的3处富矿柱特征及其赋存规律,预测第四富矿柱在10勘探线和12勘探线。各富矿柱之间有低品位薄矿体和矿化,以及两侧的小透镜状富矿体产出。依据控矿构造的近似等间距分布、矿体的侧伏及侧伏角、矿体垂深的分段富矿规律,可在不同富集矿段寻找蚀变岩型矿体。

浅析钨矿成矿规律及找矿要点探析

社会建设和发展离不开矿产资源的支持,而目前在我国现有储存的矿物质总量较为丰富,其中钨矿作为代表性一种,同样有着多种类型。钨矿主要是用于提取金属钨,这一材料在化工、电气、船舶以及航天等领域得到了广泛应用。故此,钨对于我国众多行业发展具有重要意义。文章主要围绕钨矿的成矿规律展开分析,并结合实际情况探究找矿要点,旨在为实际工作开展提供参考借鉴,促进相关行业高水平发展。

LAWS GOVERNING THE DISTRIBUTION OF LEAD-ZINC DEPOSITS IN CHINA

An attempt is made in this paper to describe the following laws governing the distribution of lead-zinc deposits in China: spatial distribution laws, temporal distribution laws, deep level control laws, and deposits association and zoning laws.

松辽盆地南部海力锦铀矿床地质特征及成因探讨

基于海力锦地区铀矿勘查资料,总结了海力锦铀矿床成矿地质特征,深入分析了控矿因素及成矿规律,并根据矿床成因特点建立了本区特有的三阶段成矿模式。研究表明,海力锦铀矿床具有厚度大、品位高、平米铀量大、矿化集中的富矿特点,矿体分布于完全氧化带附近,沿走向长度连续、稳定,沿倾向宽度相对有限,矿体呈板状、似层状产于姚家组下段的上、下氧化带之间的灰色砂体中。分析认为区内控矿因素较复杂,其富矿特征主要与辫状河相砂体、宝龙山构造天窗、区域层间氧化带、后生还原改造及沉积期以来的古气候等关系密切。研究探讨了其成矿类型主要为非典型层间氧化带型,伴有原生预富集和后期氧化-还原叠加改造成矿的特点。初步认为该区主要找矿标志为姚家组下段厚度适中的灰色砂体,一般15~30 m最为有利。海力锦铀矿床显示,目的层姚家组成矿潜力巨大,通过借鉴该矿床成矿认识有助于在松辽盆地外围取得新的找矿突破。