Diurnal changes of photosynthesis of Pinus yunnanensis and its influencing factors were studied in dry season.The results indicated that in the dry season,the diurnal course of photosynthesis of P.yunnanensis occurred...Diurnal changes of photosynthesis of Pinus yunnanensis and its influencing factors were studied in dry season.The results indicated that in the dry season,the diurnal course of photosynthesis of P.yunnanensis occurred regularly with the environmental factors change.The curve of net photosynthetic rate(Pn) and transpiration rate(Tr) had a diurnal change with one-peak curve,the peak of Pn occurred at 14:00 and the peak of Tr appeared at 15:00.There was no "midday depression of photosynthesis".The different meteorological factors influencing the photosynthesis were different.The photosynthetic active radiation(PAR) was the ecological factor directly effecting on the Pn and stomatal conductance(Cond) of P.yunnanensis,the main factors affecting Tr were temperature leaf(Tl) and CO2.The course of air humidity on the dry season were lower,and its effects on photosynthesis was not significant,which showes that the P.yunnanensis has a strong physiological adaptability on dry season.展开更多
Stable isotope paleoaltimetry has provided unprecedented insights into the topographic histories of many of the world's highest mountain ranges. However, on the Tibetan Plateau(TP), stable isotopes from paleosols ...Stable isotope paleoaltimetry has provided unprecedented insights into the topographic histories of many of the world's highest mountain ranges. However, on the Tibetan Plateau(TP), stable isotopes from paleosols generally yield much higher paleoaltitudes than those based on fossils. It is therefore essential when attempting to interpret accurately this region's paleoaltitudes that the empirical calibrations of local stable isotopes and the relations between them are established. Additionally,it is vital that careful estimations be made when estimate how different isotopes sourced from different areas may have been influenced by different controls. We present here 29 hydrogen isotopic values for leaf wax-derived n-alkanes(i.e., δD_(wax) values,and abundance-weighted average δD values of C_(29) and C_(31)) in surface soils, as well as the δD values of soil water(δD_(sw)) samples(totaling 22) from Mount Longmen(LM), on the eastern TP(altitude ~0.8–4.0 km above sea level(asl), a region climatically affected by the East Asian Monsoon(EAM). We compared our results with published data from Mount Gongga(GG). In addition,47 river water samples, 55 spring water samples, and the daily and monthly summer precipitation records(from May to October,2015) from two precipitation observation stations were collected along the GG transect for δD analysis. LM soil δD_(wax) values showed regional differences and responded strongly to altitude, varying from.160‰ to.219‰, with an altitudinal lapse rate(ALR) of.18‰ km^(-1)(R^2=0.83; p<0.0001; n=29). These δD_(wax) values appeared more enriched than those from the GG transect by ~40‰. We found that both the climate and moisture sources led to the differences observed in soil δD_(wax) values between the LM and GG transects. We found that, as a general rule, ε_(wax/rw), ε_(wax/p) and εwax/sw values(i.e., the isotopic fractionation of δD_(wax) corresponding to δD_(rw), δD_p and δD_(sw)) increased with increasing altitude along both the LM and GG transects(up to 34‰ and 50‰, respectively). Basing its research on a comparative study of δD_(wax), δD_p, δD_(rw)(δD_(springw)) and δD_(sw), this paper discusses the effects of moisture recycling, glacier-fed meltwater, relative humidity(RH), evapotranspiration(ET), vegetation cover, latitude,topography and/or other factors on ε_(wax/p) values. Clearly, if ε_(wax-p) values at higher altitudes are calculated using smaller ε_(wax-p) values from lower altitudes, the calculated paleowaterδD_p values are going to be more depleted than the actual δD values, and any paleoaltitude would therefore be overestimated.展开更多
文摘Diurnal changes of photosynthesis of Pinus yunnanensis and its influencing factors were studied in dry season.The results indicated that in the dry season,the diurnal course of photosynthesis of P.yunnanensis occurred regularly with the environmental factors change.The curve of net photosynthetic rate(Pn) and transpiration rate(Tr) had a diurnal change with one-peak curve,the peak of Pn occurred at 14:00 and the peak of Tr appeared at 15:00.There was no "midday depression of photosynthesis".The different meteorological factors influencing the photosynthesis were different.The photosynthetic active radiation(PAR) was the ecological factor directly effecting on the Pn and stomatal conductance(Cond) of P.yunnanensis,the main factors affecting Tr were temperature leaf(Tl) and CO2.The course of air humidity on the dry season were lower,and its effects on photosynthesis was not significant,which showes that the P.yunnanensis has a strong physiological adaptability on dry season.
基金co-supported by the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDB03020100)the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2013CB956400)the National Natural Science Foudation of China (Grant Nos. 41321061, 41571014 & 41371022)
文摘Stable isotope paleoaltimetry has provided unprecedented insights into the topographic histories of many of the world's highest mountain ranges. However, on the Tibetan Plateau(TP), stable isotopes from paleosols generally yield much higher paleoaltitudes than those based on fossils. It is therefore essential when attempting to interpret accurately this region's paleoaltitudes that the empirical calibrations of local stable isotopes and the relations between them are established. Additionally,it is vital that careful estimations be made when estimate how different isotopes sourced from different areas may have been influenced by different controls. We present here 29 hydrogen isotopic values for leaf wax-derived n-alkanes(i.e., δD_(wax) values,and abundance-weighted average δD values of C_(29) and C_(31)) in surface soils, as well as the δD values of soil water(δD_(sw)) samples(totaling 22) from Mount Longmen(LM), on the eastern TP(altitude ~0.8–4.0 km above sea level(asl), a region climatically affected by the East Asian Monsoon(EAM). We compared our results with published data from Mount Gongga(GG). In addition,47 river water samples, 55 spring water samples, and the daily and monthly summer precipitation records(from May to October,2015) from two precipitation observation stations were collected along the GG transect for δD analysis. LM soil δD_(wax) values showed regional differences and responded strongly to altitude, varying from.160‰ to.219‰, with an altitudinal lapse rate(ALR) of.18‰ km^(-1)(R^2=0.83; p<0.0001; n=29). These δD_(wax) values appeared more enriched than those from the GG transect by ~40‰. We found that both the climate and moisture sources led to the differences observed in soil δD_(wax) values between the LM and GG transects. We found that, as a general rule, ε_(wax/rw), ε_(wax/p) and εwax/sw values(i.e., the isotopic fractionation of δD_(wax) corresponding to δD_(rw), δD_p and δD_(sw)) increased with increasing altitude along both the LM and GG transects(up to 34‰ and 50‰, respectively). Basing its research on a comparative study of δD_(wax), δD_p, δD_(rw)(δD_(springw)) and δD_(sw), this paper discusses the effects of moisture recycling, glacier-fed meltwater, relative humidity(RH), evapotranspiration(ET), vegetation cover, latitude,topography and/or other factors on ε_(wax/p) values. Clearly, if ε_(wax-p) values at higher altitudes are calculated using smaller ε_(wax-p) values from lower altitudes, the calculated paleowaterδD_p values are going to be more depleted than the actual δD values, and any paleoaltitude would therefore be overestimated.
