Examining perception of job satisfaction and intention to leave among ICU nurses in China

Objectives:Previous studies in China's Mainland found ICU nurses to be less satisfied with their jobs and more inclined to leave them than are nurses in other hospital units.We aimed to determine ICU nurses'perspectives on the factors that influence job satisfaction and whether or not to continue working in the ICU.Methods:Nine ICU nurses were asked five open-ended questions to elicit the nurses'perspectives on job satisfaction and intentions to leave.Data were analyzed according to the process described by Knafl and Webster(1988).Core concepts were identified using the constant comparative method.Results:Two themes emerged as major influences on job dissatisfaction:1)stress experienced from excessive workload demands and the ICU work environment,and 2)a lack of respect and recognition for the nurses'work.Two themes emerged as major influences on job satisfaction:1)recognition of work,and 2)professional opportunities and relationships with coworkers.The effects of job satisfaction or dissatisfaction on the nurses'intentions to leave their jobs varied,although three categories were identified.Conclusions:For ICU nurses in China,sources of job dissatisfaction are potentially remedied with simple interventions.Adequate staffing is necessary but not sufficient for a positive work environment.Administrators should address the factors that directly affect their nurses'levels of job satisfaction,as it will ultimately result in less staff turnover and greater patient care.

Do Chinese Women Face Subtle Discrimination in Job Hiring?

Gender discrimination has long been the problem that exists in the entire world,including China.However,as more and more people are focusing on the general gender discrimination,the group recognized an extension of such discrimination-pregnancy discrimination in job hiring(the discrimination that women who are pregnant or have the inclination to pregnancy receive in hiring).The possible subtle pregnancy discrimination may be one of the main causes that lead to the declining fertility rate in China.The group decided to conduct an experiment to determine whether women are receiving more subtle discrimination in job hiring due to their identity as mother than men with children,men without children,and women without children.Using the form of questionary and resumes,the team found that Chinese women are indeed enduring subtle discrimination in work hiring.The experiment highlights the importance to promote further equality among women.However,there are some confounding variables,like the level of patient of the HR who reads the resume,affecting the ultimate result of the study.Keywords:gender discrimination,women’s career,Chinese job market,pregnancy discrimination,fertility rate in China.

基于B/S架构的高校作业管理系统设计与实现

设计基于阿里云服务器实现B/S架构的高校作业管理系统,完成了高校学生的作业发布、作业提交、作业预览、作业评价等基本功能。该系统使用前后端分离的架构,其中主要使用Vue框架、Flask框架、MySQL数据库等组件,详细地使用Vue实现前端服务,使用Python+Flask提供后端服务,使用MySQL存储相关数据。测试结果表明,该系统基本能够满足高校日常作业管理的需求,包括教师及学生角色的注册和登录、学生作业管理、教师发布作业及批改作业等功能。

Relationship between effort-reward imbalance, job satisfaction, and intention to leave the profession among the medical staff of Qom University of Medical Sciences

Objective: The effort–reward imbalance(ERI) model claims that work that has the characteristics of high effort and low reward has a mutual defect between input and output and this imbalance may result in sustained and long-lasting results. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the intention to leave the profession(ILP) and ERI and job satisfaction among the medical staff in Qom Province.Methods: A descriptive-correlative study was conducted on 202 medical staff in Qom Province based on random sampling in 2018. Demographics checklist, standard ILP, job satisfaction, and Siegrist’s ERI questionnaires were used for data collection. The chisquared test, independent t-test, and one-way Analyses of Variance(ANOVA) were used to analyze data.Results: The mean age of employees was 32.04 ± 7.9 years, and 165(87.1%) of the employees were women. The results showed that the medical staff was willing to leave their profession at a moderate level(40.7 ± 10.3). There was no significant relationship between demographics and ILP. Nevertheless, a significant and inverse relationship was observed between ERI(r:0.318, P < 0.01) and ILP(r: 0.197, P < 0.01). Leave the profession(LP) had a negative correlation with the dimensions of job descriptive index(JDI) such as job, manager, coworker and wage score(P < 0.01, r:-0.147, r:-0.262, r:-0.292, r:-0.271, r:-0.396).Conclusions: According to the results, managers need to make sure that their working staff is rewarded as they deserve. According to the results, managers need to ensure that the reward factor is observed for the staff, while an ERI imbalance may contribute to ILP of the staff. On the other hand, it leads to job satisfaction.

UPLC-MS/MS测定心悦胶囊中6个皂苷类成分的含量

目的:采用超高效液相色谱-质谱法(UPLC-MS/MS)建立心悦胶囊中主要成分人参皂苷Rg_(1)、人参皂苷Re、人参皂苷Rb_(1)、拟人参皂苷F_(11)、人参皂苷Rd和20(S)-人参皂苷F1的含量测定方法。方法:使用Waters ACQUITY BEH C_(18)色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm,1.7μm),以乙腈-水为流动相,梯度洗脱,流速为0.5 mL·min^(–1),柱温为40℃,电喷雾电离源,多反应离子监测扫描方式进行检测。结果:6个成分分别在质量浓度为9.638~963.800、9.839~983.900、9.951~995.100、5.270~1054.000、9.608~960.800、4.905~981.000 ng·mL^(–1)时与峰面积线性关系良好(r>0.998),平均加样回收率(RSD)分别为96.9%(2.2%)、100.1%(1.5%)、97.2%(1.8%)、98.5%(2.3%)、96.6%(2.8%)、100.2%(3.5%)。结论:所建立的方法快速、准确、灵敏度高,可用于心悦胶囊中西洋参茎叶总皂苷的质量控制。

Stoichiometry and Stability Constant Values for Copper (II) Chelates with Ethylene Diamine in Deep Eutectic Solvents (DES) (Ethaline) Solutions

In this study we used the deep eutectic solvents (ionic liquids) to investigate the reaction between copper (II) with ethylene diamine (en). Two of the existing methods for analyzing spectrophotometric measurements have been applied for establishing, the stoichiometry and whenever possible, the stability constants of the chelates formed. The method of continuous variations was necessary to determine first whether, the metal ion and the ligand ethylene diamine form one or more than one chelate, when more than one chelate formed, the results obtained depend on the wavelength and for meaningful conclusions the wavelengths were carefully selected. The empirical formulae of the chelates were further substantiated by the molar ratio method. The effect of time and temperature on the formation and stability of these chelates in solution is also studied. The stability constants, K1 and K2 for the copper (II) chelates were calculated, though reliable, and are comparable to literature values.

Predictors of critical care nurses’ intention to leave the unit, the hospital, and the nursing profession

Nursing turnover and shortage are acknowledged as worldwide issues: understanding the factors that foster nurses’ intention to leave (ITL) is essential in retaining them. The present study aims at providing insight into the factors influencing critical care and intensive care nurses’ ITL the unit, the hospital, and the nursing profession. The study was conducted in two hospitals, by a questionnaire administered to all nurses employed in critical and intensive care units. 512 questionnaires (89.4%) were returned. Results revealed that a low job satisfaction (JS) for interaction with physicians and nurses, seniority ≥20 years, and working in Emergency are related to higher ITL the unit. Low JS for work organization policies, seniority ≥11 years, working in a private hospital, and higher educational level are related to higher levels of ITL the hospital. Low JS for professional status, for pay, and for work organization policies, age ≥40 years, part-time schedule are related to higher ITL the nursing profession. The research permitted detection of various predictors of different kinds of ITL, enhancing the importance of regular monitoring of ITL. In order to limit ITL, it would be important to work on the relationship with physicians and colleagues, work demands, organizational policies, and acknowledgement of competence.

Effects of Drought Stress Simulated by Polyethylene Glycol on Seed Germination, Root and Seedling Growth, and Seedling Antioxidant Characteristics in Job’s Tears

Two Job’s tears cultivars, yy18-1 (high resistance to drought stress) and yy12-7 (susceptible to drought stress) were used to investigate the responses of seed germination, root and seedling growth, and seedling antioxidant characteristics to drought stress simulated by polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 solutions with 0, -0.05, -0.1, -0.15, and -0.2 MPa osmotic potentials. The results showed that the germination energy, germination rate, germination index, root and seedling lengths, root and seedling diameters, root and seedling fresh masses, root and seedling dry masses, and seedling relative water content (RWC) decreased with the decrease of the osmotic potential of PEG 6000 solution. The contents of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA), and proline in seedling increased with the decrease of the osmotic potential of PEG 6000 solution. The activities of peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and glutathione reductase (GR) in seedling increased and then decreased with the decrease of osmotic potential of PEG 6000 solution. -0.1 MPa was the optimal osmotic potential of PEG 6000 solution simulated drought stress at germination stage for Job’s tears. The proline content and activities of POD and CAT were important mechanisms for the maintenance of drought resistance in Job’s tears seedling.

Intention to Leave and Associated Factors among Health Professionals in Jimma Zone Public Health Centers, Southwest Ethiopia

Background: Inadequate human resources are a major constraint to improving global health. The health sector is characterized by a high turnover coupled with internal as well as external brain drain but there is little information on intention to leave among health professionals in public health centers of Jimma Zone, Oromia Regional State. The aim of this study is to assess intention to leave and associated factors among health professionals in public health centers of Jimma Zone, southwest Ethiopia. Methods: A cross-sectional quantitative and qualitative study was conducted on seven randomly selected woredas (districts) which have 53 public health centers. All health professionals in sampled district public health centers were included (n = 505). Factor analysis was employed for all Likert scale instruments to extract factor(s) representing each of the scales using SPSS version 16.0. The qualitative data was analyzed by thematic analysis methods. Ethical approval was obtained from Jimma University. Results: Four hundred fifty five (90.1%) health professionals participated in the study;out of this, 290 (63.7%) had intention to leave. Among variables, job satisfaction (Beta = -0.298, (95% CI, -0.568 to -0.029), working environment (Beta = -0.612, (95% CI, -0.955 to -0.270), and organizational management (Beta = -0.552, (95% CI, 0.289 to 0.815) had statistically significant association with intention to leave among health professionals in public health centers of Jimma Zone. Conclusions: The overall intention to leave among health professionals was high. Level of job satisfaction, working environment, work pressure, and organizational management had statistically significant association with intention to leave. Thus, responsible bodies should aggressively work on the concerns identified, like, improvements in salary, promotion in terms of training/educational opportunity, improving working environment, and transfer of health professionals, and improvement of the leadership skills of managers.

Lies,con Jobs Affect China's E-commerce

As China’s CPI is soaring almost in all walks of life in the past months, more and more people began to adopt online transanctions to save household expense, especially the Spring Festival holiday is approaching,

Fiction with Influence Famous martial arts novelist Louis Cha Leung-yung’s passing leaves a growing legion of followers

There was an outpouring of grief across China on October 30 when fans of legendary wuxia （master of martial arts） novelist Jin Yong heard of his passing at age 94.

The change of the cationic peroxidase in the leaves at the fertile transformation period in Nongken 58s

Nongken 58s is a type of photoperiod sensitivegenie male sterile rice which gives rice to malesterility when illuminated time is longer than13.75 h/d.The photoperiod sensitive stagesare from the differentiation of primary branchprimordum(Ⅱ)in young ears to fullness ofcontents of the pollen(Ⅶ).The changes ofactivity and isoenzymes in cation peroxidase atph0toperiod sensitive stages and the relation-ship between this enzyme and feritility of rice

西洋参叶中20(s)-人参皂苷-Rh_1,-Rh_2和人参皂苷Rh_3的分离与鉴定

目的:从西洋参叶中分离、鉴定20(s)人参皂苷Rh1,Rh2和人参皂苷Rh3,为了深入研究它们的生理活性。方法:以水提取,用多孔树脂吸附,再以体积分数为95%的乙醇洗脱,最后以硅胶柱层析分离。通过理化性质及IR,NMR光谱等方法测定,鉴定其结构。结果:共分得3个化合物,经鉴定后分别证明为20(s)人参皂苷Rh1,Rh2和人参皂苷Rh3。结论:人参皂苷Rh3为首次从西洋参叶中分离获得。

RP-HPLC测定西洋参叶皂苷碱降解物中20(S)-人参皂苷Rh_2的含量

目的：对西洋参叶皂苷碱降解物中20（S）-人参皂苷Rh2进行含量测定。方法：采用RP-HPLC，ZORBAX EXTEND C18柱（4．6mm×250mm，5μm），流动相甲醇-水（85：15），流速1．2mL·min^-1，检测波长203nm，柱温25℃。结果：20（S）-人参皂苷Rh2的进样量在0．5～25μg有良好的线性关系，r=0．9999；平均加样回收率为99．7％，RSD1．0％。结论：该方法测定20（S）-人参皂苷Rh2简便快捷，准确度高，测定结果证实该降解方法20（S），人参皂苷Rh2的转化率高。

烯效唑对罂粟(Papaver somniferum L.)不同叶位叶SPAD值变化规律研究

采用随机区组设计,以罂粟(Papaver somniferum L.)为供试材料,进行不同浓度烯效唑处理下主茎不同叶位叶SPAD(Soiland Plant Analyzer Development,土壤作物分析仪器开发)值的测定。分析了罂粟叶片SPAD值与叶绿素含量的关系,在此基础上研究不同浓度烯效唑对罂粟叶片SPAD值的影响,并确定SPAD值在不同叶位间的变化规律。结果表明:罂粟叶片的叶绿素含量与SPAD值呈极显著线性相关。在本试验设置的不同浓度烯效唑处理中,罂粟上部4片叶的SPAD值较高,SPAD值随叶位的下降而下降。因此,在考虑叶片大小的因素后,测定罂粟叶片SPAD值时,以选择倒3叶或倒4叶较为适宜。

薏米蛋白提取及其SDS-PAGE电泳分析

为了提高薏米蛋白的提取得率,确定提取pH、料液比、提取温度、提取时间对蛋白提取率的影响,进一步得到薏米蛋白SDS-PAGE电泳图谱。采用碱法提取薏米蛋白,通过响应面回归分析,得到碱法提取薏米蛋白的优化工艺条件并且进行SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳分析薏米蛋白电泳图谱。结果表明,碱法提取薏米蛋白的优化工艺条件为料液比为1:11.8,提取时间4.93h,提取温度为35℃,提取pH10.47。在最优条件下,薏米蛋白提取率达到43.94%。薏米蛋白SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳分析,薏米蛋白电泳图谱共分离出2条蛋白亚基条带,较大薏米蛋白亚基分子量143kD,较小薏米蛋白亚基分子量为85kD。通过响应面碱法提取薏米蛋白,提取率明显提高,采用SDS-PAGE法对薏米蛋白进行分析,为构建薏米蛋白质指纹图谱提供理论依据。

心理契约视角下银川市公立医院医生工作满意度提升路径研究

[目的]调查银川市公立医院医生心理契约与工作满意度现状,并从心理契约视角分析提升公立医院医生工作满意度的路径。[方法]于2022年6月采用简单随机抽样方法抽取银川市某三级甲等公立医院329名医生进行公立医院医生心理契约、工作满意度问卷调查。采用独立样本t检验和单因素方差分析研究不同人口学特征在医生心理契约和工作满意度得分上是否存在差异;采用多元线性回归分析心理契约及各维度对医生工作满意度及各维度的影响。[结果]银川市公立医院医生心理契约总得分为(3.91±0.48)分,心理契约总体履行情况呈中等偏上水平,医生工作满意度总得分为(3.49±0.45)分,总体上处于一般水平。心理契约对工作满意度有显著正向影响(β=0.731,P<0.001),对人际关系影响最大的因素是医院关系责任(β=0.263,P<0.001),对工作本身影响最大的因素是医院理念责任(β=0.340,P<0.001),对工作条件、报酬与福利影响最大的因素是医院交易责任(β=0.297,0.148,P<0.05),对培训与晋升影响最大的因素是医院发展责任(β=0.406,P<0.001),对领导与管理影响最大的因素是医院关系责任(β=0.300,P<0.001)。[结论]公立医院医生心理契约及各维度对工作满意度及各维度有显著的正向影响,要关注医院交易、发展、关系、理念责任的履行情况,增强医生归属感和认同感,激发工作积极性,提高工作满意度。

基于B/S结构的作业提交系统设计与实现

为了规范在线提交作业的管理,作业提交系统就是在这种背景下构思出来的,系统主要实现的功能有:学生提交作业、查看个人信息和成绩、查看留言和回复留言,教师批阅学生作业、查看学生信息、查看留言和回复留言,以及系统管理员对学生用户和教师用户信息的增加、删除、修改。该系统采用B/S开发模式,对系统进行设计,使用Server2000建立系统数据库,在Eclipse开发环境中,使用JSP、Servlet等技术设计系统界面、编写代码,实现系统的主要功能。实际应用表明,该系统具有使用简单、性能稳定的特点,达到了设计要求。

Isolation, Expression Characteristics and Chromosomal Locations of Three cDNA Fragments Under Salt Stress in Rice

cDNA libraries were constructed from the leaves of a rice (Oryza sativa L.) salt tolerancevariety Tesan抋i 2 growing in solutions with 150 mmol/L NaCl for 3 h or without salt stress. Three salt-responsive cDNA clones, Ts1, Ts2 and Ts3 were isolated by differential screening. Northern blottinganalysis showed that the transcription levels of Ts1 and Ts2 increased within 3 h salt stress and kept onincreasing within 24 h, while the transcription level of Ts3 reached its peak within 3 h. Sequence analysisindicated that there were no homologies between the three cDNA clones and any known gene. The threecDNA clones were mapped using a doubled haploid (DH) population derived from an indica variety ZYQ8,which was a salt tolerance parent of Tesan抋i 2, with a japonica variety JX17. Ts1, Ts2 and Ts3 werelocated on chromosomes 1, 3 and 7, respectively. It was noted that Ts1, Ts2, and Ts3 were in or near theregions of major or minor salt tolerance quantitative trait loci (QTLs), which were mapped in the same DHpopulation in a parallel study.

基于B/S结构的网上作业管理系统的设计与实现

随着计算机及网络技术的飞速发展,各高校越来越多地采用教学管理软件对教学资源进行管理,在线作业管理系统正是其中之一。主要介绍了基于B/S结构的网上作业管理系统的开发方法,系统的总体设计、系统主要功能模块的设计和作业上传功能模块的实现等。