Legislation to Regulate the Working Hours and Labor Intensity of Practitioners in the Platform Economy

Under the employment model of online car-hailing platforms,the extension of working hours and increase of labor intensity for practitioners are driven by the orders from these platform companies and labor-related third parties.Also,they are more attributable to the internal driving force of practitioners themselves who hope to have more orders and earn more.It is impossible to apply the regulation system of the existing labor law to protect the rights and interests of employees in terms of working hours and labor intensity.The author suggests that the state should make special labor legislation to make the following targeted provisions:Online car-hailing platform companies and labor-related third parties that implement labor management and control over practitioners shall,on the premise of abiding by labor standards and industry rules,set various reasonable indicators of working hours and labor intensity through rules and take effective technical measures to control these two dimensions,so that practitioners can avoid serious overwork.Besides,by encouraging the provision of certain convenience for practitioners to take intermittent breaks,jointly building a compatibility system for different online car-hailing platforms,and establishing relevant operating rules,we can restrain practitioners from being seriously overworked.This is actually a multi-cooperative boosting legislative regulation approach.

A Comparative Study of Local Legislation on Family Education in China

Since 2017,10 provinces(cities)in China have promulgated local laws and regulations on family education,ushering in ground-breaking improvements in the working mechanism,content,subjects,system,and local characteristics of family education.Based on a comparative study of the local legislation on family education in the 10 provinces,the characteristics and differences are summarized,and recommendations and prospects for local legislation on family education in other provinces are presented in this paper.

Flexural Property of String Beam of Pre-Stressed Glulam Based on Influence of Regulation and Control

Applying pre-stress in glulam beam can reduce its deformation and make full use of the compressive strength of wood.However,when the glulam with low strength and the pre-stressed steel with high strength form combined members,materials of high strength can’t be fully utilized.Therefore,this study puts forward the idea of regulating and controlling string beam of pre-stressed glulam.By regulating and controlling the pre-stress,a part of the load borne by the wood is allocated to the pre-stressed tendon,which is equivalent to completing a redistribution of internal force,thus realizing the repeated utilization of the wood strength and the full utilization of the strength of the high-strength pre-stressed tendon.The bending experiments of 10 beams under 5 working conditions are carried out.The failure mode,bearing capacity and deformation of the beams are analyzed.The results show that 90%of beams are deformed under compression.The ultimate load of the regulated and controlled beam is obviously larger than that of the unregulated beam,and the ultimate load of the beam increases with the increase of the degree of regulation and control.Compared with that of the unregulated beams,the ultimate load of beams regulated by 7.5%-30%increases by 25.42%-65.08%,and the regulated and controlled effect is obvious.With the increase of the regulation and control amplitude of pre-stress,the stiffness of string beam of pre-stressed glulam increases.In addition,with the increase of the regulation and control amplitude,the compression height of the beam increases before the failure,and it reaches the state of full-section compression at the time of failure,giving full play to the compressive property of the glulam.At the end of the experiment,the constitutive relation which can reflect the anisotropy of the wood is established combined with the experimental data.The finite element analysis of the beam under 7 working conditions is carried out by using ABAQUS finite element program,and the influence of the regulation and control amplitude on the stress distribution and ultimate bearing capacity of the beam is discussed.

Regulation of Genetically Modified Food Use in the Russian Federation

Practical application of new methods of а plant genome transformation resulted in the need for strict regulation of the safety assessment process of genetically modified organisms of plant origin, intended for use in food. The devise of Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO) of plant origin safety assessment system, which is currently valid in the Russian Federation, was initiated in 1995-1996. Not only does the system accumulate all domestic and foreign experience, it also includes the latest scientific approaches, based on achievements of fundamental science. In the present article authors focused on issues of the basic legislative regulations of plant biotechnology in the Russian Federation, and approaches to the safety assessment of GM food and control over such food. GMO safety assessment is carried out at the stage of State registration. The subject of registration is novel food products derived from GMO, manufactured in the Russian Federation, as well as food products, entering the Russian Federation for the first time. In the system of medical and biological assessment of the GMO safety, along with general toxicological research, the study of specific types of toxicity in in vivo experiments takes a prominent place. In accordance with established research practice, which uses an integrated approach, and provides with the most complete and reliable information on potential reprotoxic, genotoxic, immunotoxic and allergenic effects of GMO, as well as enables to reveal possible unintended effects of genetic modification. From 1999 to 2016 22 GM lines passed the entire cycle of medical-biological investigations. By 2016 there had been amassed scientific foundation on GMO safety, which includes the analysis of result of research, carried out within the framework of GMO state registration in the Russian Federation, as well as domestic and international data, presented by scientific literature on the problem of biotechnological food safety, at both registration stage and post-registration monitoring stage. To sum up, in the Russian Federation the most essential issues, allowing to use GMO for food purpose have been resolved: 1) legislation, normative and methodical foundations, regulating safety assessment and control over GMO turnover, as well as ensuring customer awareness about presence of GMO in food products, have been created;2) scientifically proven evidence on the lack of negative effects for human health, i.e. GMO safety has been amassed;3) the possibility of control over GMO turnover throughout the food market of the country has been sustained.

STUDIES ON STEROIDAL PLANT GROWTH REGULATOR 24. STEREOCONTROLLED CONSTRUCTION OF THE SIDE CHAIN OF BRASSINOLIDE AND HOMOBRASSINOLIDE VIA A TANDEM VICINAL DIALKYLATION OF PYRANONE MOIETY

A stereocontrolled construction of the side chain of brassinclide and homobrassinolide has been achieved via the tandem vicinal dialkylation of the pyranone moiety as a key step.

Order of Precedence Between Local Laws of Cities with Subordinate Districts and Regulations of Provincial Governments Clarifying Premises for Discussion Based on the Characteristics of Laws

The lack of descriptions regarding the order of precedence between the local laws of cities with subordinate districts and the regulations of provincial governments in Legislation Law of the People's Republic of China(Legislation Law) has led to two divergent views. One holds that "the local laws of cities with subordinate districts should take precedence over the regulations of provincial governments," while the other supports the exact opposite. This is a value judgment issue in legislation. To reach a solution, we need to clarify the premises based on the characteristics of the laws in question so that a basic common ground can be established for discussion. The first premise for traditional legislation is that a law should be based on experience as well as logic; the second is that the experience of authority subjects, plus the three aspects of logic should outweigh the experience of social subjects, plus the three aspects of logic. With respect to postmodern legislation, the first premise is that experience should override logic, and the second is that the experience of the authority subject should take precedence over that of social subject, with no requirements for logical consistency. Since Legislation Law fal s into the category of postmodern legislation, according to the premises, the argument that the local laws of cities with subordinate districts should take precedence enjoys wider acceptance, but the view is logically challenged in terms of conceptual consistency, system consistency and principle consistency. More studies must be conducted to facilitate the discussion.

Application of Snapback Chronometry Method in Calculation of Regulation

Work study is an area of construction production rationalization in which with scientific, logical, holistic and system analysis methods of the process we gain optimum in way of work and time of work. Chronometry method is one of the work study methods which is appropriate for recording shorter cyclic processes and is based on statistical sampling theory. Determination of cyclic times and work performances of standard cyclic construction machines （SCCM） is one of key assumptions of dynamic planning of machine work on every construction site. Calculation methods of SCCM work performances arc one of basic research objects in the field of construction organization and technology. Study shows applied chronometry method in work of standard cyclic construction machine. Goal of this study is to accomplish regulation through measured time cycle and compare measured effects with effects obtained with standard methodology of calculating hydraulic excavator practical achievement for gaining regulation in order to determine main reasons which effect work performance on site.

STUDIES ON STEROID PLANT-GROWTH REGULATOR 27.ENHANCED PRODUCT DIASTEREOMERIC EXCESSES IN ASYMMETRIC DIHYDROXYLATION OF THE(22E,24R)-AND THE(22E,24S)-24-ALKYL STEROIDAL UNSATURATED SIOECHAIN BY USING THE SHARPLESS IMPROVED CHIRAL LIGAND

The osmium tetroxide catalyzed asymmetric dihydroxylation of the(22E)- steroidal sidechain is described and an unexpected 8:1 ratio of(22R,23R)and (22S,23S)was obtained from the(22E,24S)-24-ethyl substituted sidechain.

Power Distribution System Regulation (A Review)

This article presents a framework and a comprehensive model to optimize the regulation of the electricity distribution system.The regulatory requirements of the electricity distribution system and research gaps in this field are among the important outputs of this review article.In each of the presented parts of the framework,it has reviewed,introduced and listed the regulatory studies of the electricity distribution system.In order to calculate the PDSR(regulation of power distribution system)framework,governance first presents,its goals,and its development plan in the distribution sector,and discusses the regulatory position in it.After that,in the electricity distribution system,it describes the role of the regulator in the goals and plans of the electricity distribution system,and introduces the types of regulation of the electricity distribution system,and finally,discusses about the place of data in the regulation and its requirements,and the effects of regulation in the evolution and stability of the electricity distribution system.

First standard released to regulate the study and use of stem cells

China’s first general standard for stem cells officially released on November 22,2017 is expected to lay a foundation for regulating the application of stem cells technology.Stem cells are a group of self-renewal cells that can differentiate into specialized cells.They are now used for the treatment of many diseases.Despite a series of documents for regulating basic research and achievement transformation of stem cells,

Complementary and alternative medicine in European countries legislative framework

Complementary and alternative medicine(CAM)is a set of different diagnostic and therapeutic procedures,as well as the use of natural products for the treatment of patients,derived from previously known traditional methods and enriched with modern scientific knowledge.The present article reviews the available data regarding the use of CAM and the legislation behind it in European countries.The use of CAM is recorded in Europe as a whole and varies between 1070%of the population of individual European countries.At least 300,000 registered CAM providers have been identified in the European Union(EU),of which slightly more than half includes non-medical practitioners.The most practiced discipline is acupuncture,followed by homeopathy.CAM regulation and legislation in Europe is not precisely defined and is constantly striving to find a common approach.Since legal frameworks for CAM are not defined,each European country has its own regulations and legislation.In order to define universal legislation for CAM,the EU created the CAMbrella project,a project of the EU designed to find a unique system that would include the treatment of CAM in Europe.According to the data from CAMbrella,from 39 countries in the EU,17 have general CAM legislations.The status of CAM in Europe is characterized by enormous heterogeneity in all aspects,including terminology,methods,prevalence and ultimately,legal status,regulations and legislation.

On the Possibilities of Leisure Studies in Mozambique： Historical and Sociological Considerations

In this paper, the author examines the possibilities of leisure （studies） in Mozambique. First, the author suggests that leisure can he looked at as a social construct which resulted from the colonial regulation of native labour, particularly between 1890s and 1974. Secondly, the author proposes that people look at the conditions of possibility of leisure in a context dominated by the new moral code of conduct, a cathartic purification of the colonial mentality, introduced through the ideology of the ＂New Man＂ created by the ruling party, Frelimo. Thirdly, the author examines the possibility of leisure in the context of Mozambique＇s adherence to neo-liberalism and market-driven economy after the collapse of socialism. The author concludes by providing the ground to establish lines of inquiry for an eventual field of leisure studies.

论地方性法规的空间效力

地方性法规的空间效力是指地方性法规在什么空间范围内具有法律效力。地方性法规的空间效力可以分为“整体效力”“局部效力”“特定效力”和“区外效力”四种形式,其中“区外效力”是地方性法规的空间效力最鲜明的效力特征。我国现行宪法、立法法和有关法律并没有确立地方性法规的一般性空间效力,只是对“局部效力”和“特定效力”在制度上加以明确,对于地方性法规在“本行政区域”之外是否具有法律效力没有作出禁止性规定。从经济特区法规、自治条例和单行条例的立法程序来看,都不能作出否定地方性法规所具有的“区外效力”的结论。地方性法规的“区外效力”在横向和纵向两个方面进行效力延伸,横向空间效力是指地方性法规在其他行政区域的法律效力,纵向空间效力是指地方性法规能否约束中央层面的执法和司法审判机构。根据中国法的“域外适用”理论和政策要求,在确保地方性法规的合宪性、合法性前提下,地方性法规的“区外效力”应当得到制度的肯定和支持。

Economic-Technical Feasibility Study of the ＂Sierra de Tineo＂ Wind Farm Expansion. Tineo-Principality of Asturias （Spain）

The aim of this work is double. Firstly, we want to stress out that investing in renewable energies in 2009 in Spain was a profitable activity. This question will be answered studying the possibilities of expanding ＂Sierra de Tineo＂ wind farm in the Principality of Asturias （location, wind resource, data analysis, simulation, legal standards and economic and sensitivity study of the investment）, and for that, data from the year 2009 have been used. And secondly, the goal is to set the bases for a future paper where the current situation of Spain （within the renewable framework）, will be compared with the 2009 scenario.

新《体育法》下《体育市场条例》起草的逻辑起点、框架体系及要点透视

随着新《体育法》的颁布实施,如何进行配套性立法成为当前实践中完善体育法律规范体系的重点问题。为解决在全国范围内体育市场所面临的秩序混乱和发展迟缓两大现实问题,实现培育促进体育市场繁荣与规范体育市场管理两大立法目的,对起草制定《体育市场条例》的立法依据进行全面分析,从“市场相关主体与市场重点领域相结合”的分章思路以及“统筹兼顾与秉要执本相结合”的内容编排角度论证《体育市场条例》框架体例与规范内容设计上的立法理路及其合理性。对《体育市场条例》作为配套性立法、以解决实际问题为导向、原则性与灵活性相结合的相关要点进行具体说明,以实现起草制定《体育市场条例》的最优方案。

邻里噪声污染防治立法现状及江苏省立法建议

社会生活噪声污染来源多、成因复杂、影响范围广,对公众健康危害大。产生社会生活噪声污染纠纷时,其法律主体复杂,涉及部门多,受影响群众覆盖范围广,是社会各界较为关注的噪声类型之一。邻里噪声是社会生活噪声的重要组成部分。介绍了法国、德国、美国等国家邻里噪声的立法现状,我国国家层面有关邻里噪声的法律规定,以及地方邻里噪声的立法实践;系统分析了江苏省邻里噪声扰民的主要类型、特点和污染防治的现状;针对性地提出了邻里噪声污染防治的立法建议,可为江苏省噪声污染防治立法提供参考。

PV-VSG光伏电站一次调频试验及性能评估方法研究与应用

光伏发电的随机性导致了不同光伏电站出现一次调频性能不足、接入电网频率失稳等问题。而光伏场站的一次调频能力是维持电网稳定性的关键,因此对光伏电站的一次调频能力进行测试与评估具有重要意义。以石城子某光伏电站机组为例,详细介绍了PV-VSG光伏电站实施一次调频的意义、原理及措施,并提出了适用于该光伏电站的一次调频试验技术方案和试验方法。通过频率阶跃及模拟实际电网频率扰动、防扰动性能及自动发电控制(Automatic generation control,AGC)协调的合格率对光伏电站的安全性及稳定性进行评估,具有实际应用价值和推广意义。

中国民用无人驾驶航空器监管立法之完善

随着民用无人驾驶航空器技术的迅猛发展及其广泛应用,现有法律法规已难以全面覆盖和有效管理这一新兴领域。通过对当前民用无人驾驶航空器监管的立法现状进行梳理,分析当前民用无人驾驶航空器监管立法中存在的主要问题,在此基础上,提出具体的监管立法完善建议,如加强立法规划、制定专门规制民用无人驾驶航空器的法律、强化技术标准、明确各方责任、增加隐私权保护和数据安全方面的立法。通过这些措施,旨在构建一个全面、科学的民用无人驾驶航空器监管法律体系,为民用无人驾驶航空器产业的健康有序发展提供坚实的法律保障。

对标国际高水平经贸规则的自贸港立法创新研究

建立开放型经济新体制,是海南自贸港的法定目标。全球最高水平的开放形态,则是建设海南自贸港的国际化发展导向。自贸港法治创新是引领、促进和保障自贸港建设的法治化要求,立法创新成为自贸港法治创新的动力源,是构建自贸港法治体系的根本要求。解放思想,推动自贸港立法创新,构建自贸港法规体系,争创自贸港法治体系新优势,是自贸港法治建设的新思路。坚持党的领导和法制统一,是自贸港立法创新的优化路径基础。规范性原则,是自贸港立法创新的路径要求。精细化立法,是自贸港立法创新的精工路径。对标国际化发展,是自贸港立法创新的趋势所向。